• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.914-921
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• 1994

From May 1977 to November 1993, 1, 500 cases of open heart surgery were performed under the cardiopulmonary bypass. In 1500 cases of open heart surgery 975 cases[65%] were congenital heart disease and 525 cases[35%] were acquired heart disease. In 975 cases of congenital heart disease, there were 812 cases[83%] of acyanotic congenital heart anomaly and 163 cases of cyanotic congenital anomaly. In 525 cases of acquired heart disease, most cases were valvular heart disease in which 557 valves were implanted. The each operative mortality of congenital and acquired disease was 7.7% and 7.4% respectively and then overall mortality rate was 7.6%. There has been increasing incidence of open heart surgery in infants in recent years. After 1990, 28 cases of infant open heart surgery below the 12month were performed. Most lowest weight was 2, 200g[15 days]. Operative mortality of open heart surgery in infant with weight below the 10kg was very high as a 25.7%.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.403-410
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• 1979

A Clinical analysis of 64 patients of thoracic empyema was done who received surgical intervention at Dept. of Thoracic Surgery of the Chosun University Hospital in the period of 3 years from September 1976 to October 1979. Following was the results: 1. Seven cases [10.9%] were under the age of 15 years, 16 cases [25%] was between 15-30 years and 41 cases [64.1%] was above the age of 30 years. A proportion of children and adult was 1:8. 2. Male and female ratio was 3:1. Right and left side pleural cavity ratio was 2.4:1. 3. Predisposing factors were pneumonia [35.9%] and pulmonary tuberculosis [28.1%]. 4. Most frequently encountered symptoms were dyspnea, cough, chest pain and fever in order. 5. Etiologic organisms were confirmed in 39 cases [86.7%] which requested in 45 cases. Staphylococcal infections were 11 cases and streptococcal, pneumococcal pseudomonas infection was infected in order. 6. Pneumothorax was associated with empyema on 21 cases [32.8%]; among those 13 cases [61.9%] were tuberculous in nature. 7. Sensitivity test was revealed that Minocin was most very sensitive drug, and next Erythromycin, Gentamycin and Penbrex in order. But most resistant drugs were Penicillin, Kanamycin, Streptomycin and Tetracycline in order. 8. Treatments were combined with antibiotics therapy and several surgical procedures for empyema. 26 cases [40.6%] were treated with closed thoracotomy drainage, 17 cases [26.6%] with open thoracotomy tube drainage and 9 cases decortication and 9 cases thoracoplasty. 9. 2 death cases occurred in 64 cases of thoracic empyema, and 79.7% cases were discharged with recovery and improvement.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.157-162
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• 2018

There have been 1,039 accidents in laboratory(National Research Safety Headquarters). Accidents in laboratory has increased by 71.5% from 158 cases in 2011 to 271 cases in 2016. Accident analysis results show that there has been no death accident after 2011 when 5 death accidents happened. The results also show that severe injuries have been 23 cases(2%) from 2011 to 2016(7 cases in 2011, 2 cases in 2012, 2013 and 2014, 3 cases in 2015, 7 cases in 2016). Minor injuries shows increasing trend from 151 cases in 2011(92.6%) to 294 cases in 2016(97.6%). Among the causes of accidents in laboratory, piercing injuries by injector were 69 cases(10.4%) for recent 3 years, i.e. 22 cases(12.6%) in 2014, 18 cases(14.2%) in 2015 and 29 cases(16%). Piercing injuries by injector with infection such as viral hepatitis and HIV/AIDS were identified in 10 cases in 2014, 5 cases in 2015, and 10 cases in 2016.Therefore, we would like to contribute to the safety of laboratories by suggesting a guideline for prevention and post management of laboratory accidents.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.215-220
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• 2001

Purpose: The aim of the study was to obtain data on the anatomic and histologic distributions, the clinical features, and the treatment results for patients with primary gastric non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Materials and Methods: One hundred thirty-two patients who were treated at 8 university hospitals and 2 general hospitals between January 1991 and December 2000 were enrolled to evaluate clinico-pathologic features. Results: The lower one-third of the stomach was the most frequent site ($42\%$), and the most frequent chief complaint was epigastric pain ($54\%$). Gastric resection was performed in 114 cases. Pathologic findings of preoperative endoscopic biopsy specimens from the 114 patients that underwent surgery were a gastric lymphoma in 94 cases ($82\%$), a carcinoma in 15 cases ($13\%$), an ulcer in 4 cases ($4\%$), and a gastrointestinal stromal tumor in 1 case ($1\%$). The stage distributions by Musshoff's criteria were 71 cases ($54\%$) of stage IE, 36 cases ($27\%$) of stage $II_{1}E$, 8 cases ($6\%$) of stage $II_{2}E$, 2 cases ($2\%$) of stage IIIE, and 15 cases ($11\%$) of stage IVE. Histologic gradings by the Working Formulation in were 31 cases ($23\%$) of low grade, 96 cases ($73\%$) of intermediate grade, and 5 cases ($4\%$) of high grade. Chemotherapy-related complications occurred in 25 cases ($22\%$) while operation-related complications occurred in 6 cases ($5\%$). Seventeen patients ($13\%$) only underwent surgery, 19 ($14\%$) had chemotherapy (CTx) and/or radiotherapy (RTx) only, and 96 patients ($73\%$) received surgery and CTx and/or RTx. No substantial differences in survival were found in relation to the different histologic grades and different treatments. The five-year survival was $85\%$ in stage I or II and $47\%$ in stage III or IV (P=0.0000). Conclusion: Pathologic stage appears to be the single most important prognostic indicator. Survival differences according to treatment modalities were not statistically significant. However, the low number of patients treated with various approaches over a long period precludes a firm conclusion.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.259-269
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• 1987

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the specialized Orthopantomograms and standard films compared with Waters' views in the diagnosis of maxillary sinusitis. The author analysed the types of mucosal thickening, the types of bony wall change, the relation between the types of chief complaints and mucosal thickening on the Waters' views of 156 patients with 206 maxillary sinuses demonstrating radiographic changes. And the pathologic change of antral floor was observed on 187 standard films and total amount of agreement in the diagnosis of maxillary sinusitis was evaluated at 156 specialized Orthopantomograms and 187 standard films. The results were obtained as followings. 1. Among 206 mucosal thickenings classified by 6 types, generalized increased radiopacity was 69 cases (33.5%) and the entire thickening of mucosa except an ostium area was 66 cases (32.0%), 2. The bony wall change was seen in 128 cases (62.1%) and the incidence of indistinct antral wall was the highest as 55 cases (43.0%) among 5 types. 3. Among 148 chief complaints, pain was 71 cases (48.0%), swelling was 19 cases (12.8%) and discomfort was 18 cases (12.2%). 4. The most frequent change of antral floor was indistinct antral floor as 25 cases (13.4%) and elevation of antral floor was 23 cases (12.3%). And the first molar presented the most frequent involvement of antral floor as 47 cases (57.3%). 5. In 156 specialized Orthopantomograms, 101 cases (49.0%) presented apparent increased radiopacity and 72 cases (35.0%) showed suspicious increased radiopacity in comparison with Waters' view. In 187 standard films, 47 cases (25.1%) presented apparent increased radiopacity and 53 cases (28.4%) showed suspicious increased radiopacity in comparison with Waters' views.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.41-49
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• 1969

The authors made a clinical study of 80 cases of empyema who were diagnosed and treated at department of chest surgery, St. Mary`s Hospital, Chatholic Medical College, during the period of May.l964 through April.1969 and compared the empyema of infant and children with that of adults. 1. In age and sex ditribution, infant was 6 cases, childhood 22 cases and adult 52 cases. The ratio of male to female was 2.2:1. There`s a little difference in infant-childhood but prominence of males over females in adults was being 3. 3:1, in its ratio. 2. The cardinal symptoms were cough [61.3%], fever [60.0%] and dyspnea [52.8%]. The leukocytosis were observed in 83.7% of all cases, 96.2% of infant-childhood and 76.9% of adults. The hemoglobin level showed subnormal in 82.1% of infant-childhood and in 55.8% of adults. 3. Most frequent lesion to predisposing factor of empyema was pneumonia [43.7%],being prominent in infants children [64.3%] to that of adult 4. The Pathogenic organism by culture in 75 cases of empyema were staphylococuss [48%], streptococuss[9.3%], Gram[-] bacilli [9.3%], Klebsiella[2.7%], pneumococcus[4.0%], E. coli [5.4%] and no growth 21.3% in over all. Among the cases of empyema. staphlocal origin was 62.9% in infant-childfood and 39.6% adults. 5. Staphylococci were most susceptible to erythromycin [86. 1%], Kanamycin [75.0%], albamycin [61.7%] and neomycin [52.8%] but most resistant to penicillin, Chtoramphenicol and terramycin. 6. In the treatment of empyema, of 53 cases were closed thoracotomy drainage and the remainder of cases by open thoracotomy, decortication, thoracoplasty and pleuropneumonectomy. we could attain favourable results by only the closed thoracotomy in infant-childhood, 28 cases. 7. The mortality rate was 6.3% in over all; adult 3 cases, infant and children 2 cases. 3 cases of these, were due to staphylococcal infection.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.269-276
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical validity of multi-rooted teeth subjected to root-resection treatment. Over a period of 1-7 years, 60 root-resected molars in 59 patients were examined clinically and radiographically. All patients were p0eriodically recalled once or twice a year. Root-resections were due to periodontal, more specifically furcal bone loss or marginal bone loss,in 34 cases and extensive dental carious destruction in 10 cases. In other cases,root-resections resulted from 6 cases of root fracture, 6 cases of periodontal-endodontic combined lesion, and 1 case of endodontic problem. Root-resection was carried out on 26 maxillary molars and 34 mandibular molars. The results are as follows; 1. 14 cases(23.3%) were considered failures. 8 cases(13.3%) of them occurred within the first year(8 cases, 13.3%), 4 cases(6.7%)between 1-3 years, and 2 cases(3.3%) between 4-7 years. 2. 8 cases(13.3%) were considered failures due to periodontal reasons, 3 cases(5%) due to root fracture, 2 cases(3.3%) due to endodontic problem, and 1 case(1.7%) due to prosthetic problem. 3. 37 cases(61.7%) showed up for the recall appointments, and the percentage of failures(13.5%) was lower compared with that of all patients(23.3%). The results of the present study indicate that the prognosis of root-resected teeth is favourable if attention is paid to the selection of proper case and to achieving optimal oral hygiene and periodic check up.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.375-383
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• 2023

Objectives: Coal-fired power plants feature diverse working conditions, including multi-layered employment structures and irregular work cycles due to outsourcing and non-standardized tasks. The current uniform occupational environment measurement systems have limitations in accurately assessing and evaluating these varied conditions. This study aims to propose alternative measurement and assessment strategies to supplement existing methods. Methods: Major domestic coal-fired power plants were selected as the study targets. To prepare for the study and establish strategies, work processes were identified and existing occupational environment measurement results were compared and analyzed. The study proceeded by employing three strategies: specific exposure groups (SEGs) measurement, continuous monitoring, and supplementary measurements, which were then compared and discussed. Results: Previous exposure index evaluations (5,268 cases) indicated that crystalline silica, a type of respirable particulate matter, had detection limits below the threshold (non-detectable) in 82.6% (4,349 cases) of instances. Exposures below 10% of the exposure limit were observed at a very low concentration of 96.1%. Similar exposure group measurements yielded results where detection limits were below the threshold in 38.2% of cases, and exposures below 10% of the limit were observed in 70.6%. Continuous monitoring indicated detection limits below the threshold in 12.6% of cases, and exposures below 10% of the limit were observed in 75.6%. Instances requiring active workplace management accounted for more than 30% of cases, with SEGs at 11.8% (four cases), showing a higher proportion compared to 3.0% (four cases) in continuous monitoring. For coal dust, exposures below 10% of the limit were highest in legal measurements at 90.2% (113 cases), followed by 74.0% (91 cases) in continuous monitoring, and 47.0% (16 cases) in SEGs. Instances exceeding 30% were most prevalent in SEGs at 14.7% (five cases), followed by legal measurements at 5.0% (eight cases), and continuous monitoring at 2.4% (three cases). When examining exposure levels through arithmetic means, crystalline silica was found to be 104.7% higher in SEGs at 0.0088 mg/m³ compared to 0.0043 mg/m³ in continuous monitoring. Coal dust measurements were highest in SEGs at 0.1247 mg/m³, followed by 0.1224 mg/m³ in legal measurements, and 0.0935 mg/m³ in continuous monitoring. Conclusions: Strategies involving SEGs measurement and continuous monitoring can enhance measurement reliability in environments with irregular work processes and frequent fluctuations in working conditions, as observed in coal-fired power plants. These strategies reduce the likelihood of omitting or underestimating processes and enhance measurement accuracy. In particular, a significant reduction in detection limits below the threshold for crystalline silica was observed. Supplementary measurements can identify worker exposure characteristics, uncover potential risks in blind spots of management, and provide a complementary method for legal measurements.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.308-314
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• 2008

The risk of temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) can be increased during dental treatment due to excessive mouth opening and change of occlusion. The aim of this study is to find the relationship between dental treatment and TMD in the patients who developed TMD after dental treatment. The subjects of this study were 21 patients, who developed TMD after dental treatment and were treated with active TMD therapy in Seoul National University Bundang Hospital from June 2003 to February 2007. The subjects were examined with preceding dental treatment, symptom, diagnosis, treatment method of TMD and prognosis of TMD. The obtained results were as follows. 1. Preceding dental treatments were : Implant treatment, 14 cases ; Tooth extraction, 3 cases and others. 2. TMD symptoms were : pain on TMJ, 12cases : Sound on TMJ, 3cases ; Mouth opening limitation, Headache and others. 3. Diagnoses of TMD were : Synovitis and/or capsulitis, 10 cases ; 8 cases of Internal derangement and others. 4. Most TMD were treated by stabilization splint. 5. Prognoses of TMD were : Improvement, 6cases ; sustained 11 cases. In conclusion, the risk of TMD is increased during implant treatment. Prognoses of TMD after dental treatment were bad. It might be that these patients were non-cooperative and have distrust of dental treatment. Because the overloading on TMJ is possible in dental treatment of patients with underlying TMD, prior explanation and knowledge TMJ treatment are very important in these cases.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.648-654
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• 1989

A clinical study was performed on 363 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis treated surgically resection during the period of 3 years from January, 1986 to December, 1988 in the National Kong-Ju Hospital. The results obtained are follows: 1. The ratio of male to female was 1.6:1 in male predominance, age from 20 to 40 occurred 82.6% of the total cases. 2. The moderately advanced cases was the highest incidence with 53.2 % for extent of disease, duration of illness which 1 to 5 years before operation was 40.8 % of the total cases. 3. Preoperative sputum examination for AFB was 53.2 % in negative but in spite of chemotherapy, persistent positive sputum was 46.7%. 4. Indication for surgery were: total destroyed lung was 35.5 %, destroyed lobe or segment with or without cavity was 30.6%, empyema with or without bronchopleural fistula was 8.5%, according to type and site of surgical procedure, pleuropneumonectomy and pneumonectomy was the highest incidence with 53.4 %, left site was slightly more than right with 55.9 % of the total cases. 5. The incidence of postoperative complication was 10.2 % and then the highest incidence was empyema with or without bronchopleural fistula with 4%, according to type of surgical procedure, postpleuropneumonectomy and postpneumonectomy was 6.1 % of the total cases. 6. Postoperative mortality was 1.4 % of the total cases, according to cause of deaths, hypovolemic shock due to bleeding were 2 cases, respiratory failure were 2 cases and hepatic coma due to hepatic failure was 1 case.