• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.156-165
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• 2017

This study investigated the chemical composition of Petasites japonicus (S. et Z.) Maxim essential oil. During the period 2011~2013, P. japonicus (S. et Z.) Maxim plant was investigated for composition of the essential oil. Chemical composition and characteristic compounds of the essential oils from the aerial parts of the plant according to the crop year studied. The essential oils consisted of sesquiterpene compounds, which were the most abundant components. Samples collected in 2011 were found to be richer in oxygenated sesquiterpenes, while samples collected in 2012 and 2013 were richer in diterpene alcohols and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, respectively. Ninety-two compounds were identified in the P. japonicus (S. et Z.) Maxim essential oil of 2011, and caryophyllene oxide (20.49%), ${\beta}$-caryophyllene (10.28%), ${\beta}$-bisabolene (6.80%), and alloaromadendrene (6.50%) were the major compounds. Seventy-four compounds were identified in the plant essential oil of 2012, and phytol (17.22%), ${\alpha}$-farnesene (15.31%), ${\alpha}$-caryophyllene (9.93%), and ${\beta}$-caryophyllene (6.12%) were the major compounds. Ninety-two compounds were identified in the plant essential oil of 2013, and ${\alpha}$-farnesene (22.42%), ${\alpha}$-caryophyllene (21.49%), pentadecane (15.35%), and germacrene (5.70%) were the major compounds. The content of most of the chemical constituents varied significantly with different harvesting time. The content of ${\alpha}$-caryophyllene and caryophyllene oxide was increased significantly from 2011 to 2013. The content of ${\alpha}$-caryophyllene and isocaryophyllene was decreased significantly from 2011 to 2013.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.994-1000
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• 1994

Hot water extract from mugwort (Artemisia asiatica nakai) leaves and tea inhibited the growth of Bacillus subtilis by adding to the nutrient broth 1.0% and 0.5% concentration, respectively. Among the important compounds that contributing mugwort like flavor to the mugwort leaves and tea were considered, authenic compound of thujone, caryophyllene and farnesol showed bactericidal effect for Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Vibrio paraheaemolyticus, Psudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus when teste by paper disc method ( 8 mm diameter). The mixture of caryophyllene and farnesol was more bactericidal effect for various bacteria than the mixture of thujone, caryophyllene and farnesol was more bactericidal effect for various bacteria that the mixture of thujone, caryophyllene and farnesol or each compounds . Especially, the mixture of caryophyllene and farnesol showed strong bactericidal effect (diameter of inhibition zone>40mm) for Vibrio parahaemolyticus , Enterobacter aerogenes and BAcillus subtilis.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.440-448
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• 2021

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) establishes long-term infections associated with severe gastric diseases such as peptic ulceration and gastric cancer. Exposure to an antibacterial agent can help regulate the expression levels of its pathogenic genes. In this study, we analyzed the transcriptional changes in H. pylori genes induced by β-caryophyllene. We used next-generation sequencing (NGS) to analyze RNA expression changes, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed as required to verify the results. The NGS results showed that 30 out of 1,632 genes were expressed differentially by β-caryophyllene treatment. Eleven genes associated with DNA replication, virulence factors, and T4SS components were significantly downregulated. RT-PCR confirmed that treatment reduced the expression levels of 11 genes. RT-PCR showed the reduced expression of 11 genes (dnaE, dnaN, holB, gyrA, cagA, vacA, secA, flgE, virB2, virB4, and virB8) following β-caryophyllene treatment. These results suggest that β-caryophyllene can modulate various H. pylori pathogenic determinants and be a potential therapeutic agent for H. pylori infection.

• 공업화학
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.44-49
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• 2022

열수 추출과 초임계 추출을 각각 사용하여 황칠나무(Dendropanax morbiferus, DM)로부터 에센셜 오일을 분리하고, 분리된 황칠나무 정유를 정성 및 정량 분석하였으며 에센셜 오일의 항산화 효과를 규명하였다. 또한 황칠나무의 부위별 건조 방법 및 추출 방법에 따른 에센셜 오일과 Caryophyllene의 수율을 각각 구하고 비교하였다. 에센셜 오일의 수율은 껍질 > 잎 > 잔가지 > 큰 가지 순서로 높게 나타났다. 동결 건조한 황칠나무 잎을 초임계 추출하였을 때 에센셜 오일과 Caryophyllene의 수율은 각각 23.2 g/kg DM 및 429.6 mg Caryophyllene/kg DM이었다. 황칠나무의 에센셜 오일은 낮은 농도에서도 항산화 효과가 있었으며, DPPH radical 소거능이 50%를 나타내는 SC₅₀의 에센셜 오일의 농도는 약 0.34%였다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.378-387
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• 2018

This study investigated the volatile flavor composition of essential oils from Chrysanthemum zawadskii var. latilobum Kitamura and Aster yomena Makino. The essential oils obtained by the hydrodistillation extraction method from the aerial parts of the plants were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). One hundred (95.04%) volatile flavor compounds were identified in the essential oil from the C. zawadskii var. latilobum Kitamura. The major compounds were valencene (10.82%), ${\delta}$-cadinol (9.77%), hexadecanoic acid (8.70%), 2-methyl-4-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl) but-2-en-1-ol (3.67%), and 2-(2,4-hexadiynylidene)-1,6-dioxaspiro[4,4]non-3-ene (3.57%). Ninety-eight (93.83%) volatile flavor compounds were identified in the essential oil from the Aster yomena Makino. The major compounds were and 3-eicosyne (13.61%), 9,10,12-octadecatrienoic acid (7.8%), ${\alpha}$-caryophyllene alcohol (6.83%), 9-octadecynoic acid (6.03%), and ${\alpha}$-caryophyllene (5.74%). Although the two plants are apparently very similar, the chemical composition of the essential oils was significantly different in quality and quantity. In the case of C. zawadskii var. latilobum Kitamura, the sesquiterpene, valencene was found to be 10.82%, but it was not identified in A. yomena Makino. ${\delta}$-Cadinol appeared higher in C. zawadskii var. latilobum Kitamura than in A. yomena Makino. A clear characteristic of A. yomena Makino essential oil is that it has a high content of caryophyllene derivatives. The ${\alpha}$-caryophyllene alcohol contained in A. yomena Makino was relatively high at 6.83%, although the compound was not identified in C. zawadskii var. latilobum Kitamura. Also ${\alpha}$-caryophyllene was shown to be higher in A. yomena Makino than in C. zawadskii var. latilobum Kitamura.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.533-543
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• 2015

This study investigated the chemical composition of Artemisia princeps var. orientalis (Pampan) Hara (ssuk in Korea) essential oil and the quantitative changes of major terpene compounds according to the time of harvest. The essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation extraction from the aerial parts of ssuk were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The essential oil composition of ssuk was characterized by higher contents of mono- and sesqui- terpene compounds. Ninety-nine volatile flavor compounds were identified in the essential oil from ssuk harvested in 2010, with camphor (11.9%), ${\beta}-caryophyllene$ (9.11%), dehydrocarveol (8.51%), and borneol (7.72%) being the most abundant compounds. Eighty-three compounds were identified in the essential oil from the plant harvested in 2011, with borneol (12.36%), caryophyllene oxide (12.29%), ${\beta}-caryophyllene$ (10.24%), camphor (9.13%), and thujone (8.4%) being the most abundant compounds. Eighty-four compounds were identified in the essential oil from the plant harvested in 2012, with ${\beta}-caryophyllene$ (20.25%), caryophyllene oxide (14.63%), and thujone (11.55%) being the major compounds. Eighty-nine compounds were identified in the essential oil from the plant harvested in 2013, with thujone (23.11%), alloaromadendrene oxide (12.3%), and ${\beta}-caryophyllene$ (11.48%) being the most abundant compounds. Thujone and aromadendrene oxide contents increased significantly from 2010 to 2013, while camphor and dehydrocarveol contents decreased significantly during those 4 years. The quantitative changes in these 4 compounds according to the time of harvest can served as a quality index for ssuk essential oil. The ecological responses to recent climate changes may be reflected in the chemical components of natural plant essential oils.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.140-151
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• 2022

Background: Essential oils are of great interest for their analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. We aimed to study the content of the essential oil of the Origanum vulgare of the Armenian highlands (OVA) in different periods of vegetation and to investigate its antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects in mice (in vivo) and cytotoxic action in cultured cells (in vitro). OVA essential oil was extracted from fresh plant material by hydro-distillation. Methods: For OVA essential oil contents determination the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method was used. Formalin and hot plate tests and analysis of cell viability using the methyl-thiazolyl-tetrazolium (MTT) assay were used. Results: The maximal content of β-caryophyllene and β-caryophyllene oxide in OVA essential oil was revealed in the period of blossoming (8.18% and 13.36%, correspondently). In the formalin test, 4% OVA essential oil solution (3.5 mg/mouse) exerts significant antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects (P = 0.003). MTT assay shows approximately 60% cytotoxicity in HeLa and Vero cells for 2.0 µL/mL OVA essential oil in media. Conclusions: The wild oregano herb of Armenian highlands, harvested in the blossoming period, may be considered as a valuable source for developing pain-relieving preparations.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.146-151
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• 2011

메타세콰이아(Metasequoia glyptostroboides)의 구과로부터 수증기증류법을 이용하여 정유를 추출하였고, 정유의 향취를 분석하였으며 이에 함유되어 있는 휘발성 화학성분을 solid-phase microextraction 장치가 장착된 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry를 이용하여 분석하였다. 메타세콰이아의 구과에 함유된 정유는 0.4%이었다. 정유의 주향취는 woody, coniferous, herbal이었으며, 부향취는 minty, spicy, oily이었다. 정유에는 총 9종의 휘발성 유기화합물이 함유되어 있었는데 이들을 화학성분별로 구분하면 탄화수소가 8종 그리고 옥사이드가 1종이었다. 정유에 함유된 휘발성 유기화합물은 limonene(66.18%), ${\delta}$-3-carene(11.11%), ${\beta}$-caryophyllene(6.66%), ${\beta}$-myrcene(5.92%), ${\beta}$-pinene(4.14%), caryophyllene oxide (2.39%), camphene(2.32%), ${\alpha}$-caryophyllene(0.85%), tricyclene(0.43%)이었다. 메타세콰이아 구과로부터얻은 정유의 herbal과 minty 향취는 limonene과 ${\delta}$-3-carene, spicy 향취는 caryophyllene, coniferous 향취는 ${\alpha}$-pinene과 ${\beta}$-pinene, oily 향취는 camphene에 의해 발현된 것이라 판단된다.

• 약학회지
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.355-360
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• 2007

The essential oil fraction from the aerial parts of A. annua was analyzed by GC-MS. As the results, caryophyllene oxide (11.7%), caryophyllene (7.54%), camphor (7.32%), 1,8-cineol (4.98%), and borneol (3.99%) were confirmed as the main components of the oil fraction. The effects of this oil and its main components on antibiotic-susceptible and -resistant strains of Salmonella enteritidis and S. typhimurium were assessed. A. annua oil fraction significantly inhibited all strains of the two Salmonella species examined, with minimum inhibiting concentrations (MICs) ranging from 2.0 mg/ml to 8.0 mg/ml. Among the main components of the oil, borneol and camphor showed relatively strong inhibiting activity with MICs between 1.0 mg/ml and 4.0 mg/ml. The MICs of caryophyllene and caryophyllene oxide were higher than 16 mg/ml. The combination effects of the oils with kanamycin were evaluated using a checkerboard microtiter assay. Against S. typhimurium KCCM11862 and CCARM8009 strains, the oil fraction of A. annua, camphor, and 1,8-cineol exhibited significant synergistic with kanamycin with fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) indices in the range of 0.085 to 0.375. In conclusion, a combination of kanamycin and A. annua oil or its main component, camphor, and cineol, may be useful for reducing the minimum effective dose of antibiotic required for the treatment of resistant S. typhimurium infections.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.125-134
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• 2018

BACKGROUND: Green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) is an insect pest that significantly affects crop production. A number of pesticides have been used for aphid control, but their concerns on insect resistance and food safety have required alternative methods for pest management. In an effort to find for an alternative approach to aphid control, we screened plants extracts and examined their potentiality as insecticidal bio-resources. METHODS AND RESULTS: Two hundred and ninety eight plant extracts were examined for insecticidal activity against the aphid, and the best candidate among them was chosen for further study. The extracts from Cinnamomum camphora was determined to be the best candidate exhibiting insecticidal activity more than 60% at a level of $1,000{\mu}g/mL$. GC/MS analyses detected camphor, borneol, 4-terpineol, ${\alpha}$-terpineol and caryophyllene oxide as major compositions from the extracts obtained by hydrodistillation. Caryophyllene oxide exhibited the highest insecticidal activity with a $LC_{50}$ value of $237{\mu}g/mL$. Camphor lowered significantly the $LC_{50}$ value of caryophyllene oxide and increased largely its concentration in aphid, suggesting that camphor played a role in enhancing the insecticidal activity of caryophyllene oxide. CONCLUSION: This study suggested that camphor and caryophyllene oxide may be used as an insecticidal bio-resource for insect control against green peach aphid.