• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.24 no.7
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• pp.647-655
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• 1991

The efficacy of cold blood potassium cardioplegia during periods of ischemic arrest was assessed in 88 patients undergoing open heart surgical procedures at Chonnam National University Medical School from December, 1987 to January, 1989. The purpose of this study was to determine if the aortic cross clamping time[ACCT] over 120 minutes correlated with operative mortality, incidence of postoperative ventricular tachyarrhythmias, needs of postoperative inotropic support and serum enzyme levels. The patients were divided according to aortic cross clamping time[less than 120 minutes and 120 minutes or greater]. The results were as follows: 1. The operative mortality was 3.2% in ACCT<120min group and 7.7% in ACCT>120 min group. 2. The incidence of postoperative ventricular tachyarrhythmia was 1.6% in ACCT <120min group and 11.5% in ACCT>120min group[p<0.05]. 3. The incidence of postoperative inotropic support in congenital heart disease was 13.0Fo in ACCT<120min group and 45.0%o in ACCT>120min group[p<0.05]. The incidence in acquired heart disease was 26.0% in ACCT<120min group and 40.0% in ACCT> 120min group. 4. After cardiopulmonary bypass, serum GOT, LDH, CPK and CPK - MB were elevated prominently. Children showed higher value of the enzymes examined than adults did before and after cardiopulmonary bypass. In congenital heart diseases, postoperative serum GOT, LDH, CPK and CPK - MB levels of ACCT>120min group were significantly higher than those of ACCT<120min group. Postoperative serum GOT, LDH and CPK - MB levels of ACCT>=120min group were significantly higher than those of ACCT<120min group also in acquired heart diseases. The results suggest that the myocardial protective effect with cold blood potassium cardioplegic solutions was not sufficient when the aortic cross clamping time was over 120 minutes.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.215-219
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• 1986

During 1986, 111 cases of open heart surgery were performed at Yeungnam University Hospital consisting 88 cases of congenital heart disease and 23 cases of acquired heart disease. Among 88 congenital heart disease, 72 were acyanotic group and 16 were cyanotic. Common congenital heart diseases were ventricular septal defect(51%), atrial septal defect(18%) and Tetralogy of Fallot(16%). Among 23 acquired heart disease, 22 cases were valvular heart disease and one was dissecting aortic aneurysm. Three cases of the postoperative death were present resulting 2.7% of surgical mortality rate.

• Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.51-61
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• 2023

BACKGROUND: Valvular heart disease (VHD) is a common cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide; however, its epidemiological profile in Korea requires elucidation. METHODS: In this nationwide retrospective cohort study from the Korean valve survey, which collected clinical and echocardiographic data on VHD from 45 medical centers, we identified 4,089 patients with VHD between September and October 2019. RESULTS: The aortic valve was the most commonly affected valve (n = 1,956 [47.8%]), followed by the mitral valve (n = 1,598 [39.1%]) and tricuspid valve (n = 1,172 [28.6%]). There were 1,188 cases of aortic stenosis (AS) and 926 cases of aortic regurgitation. The most common etiology of AS was degenerative disease (78.9%). The proportion of AS increased with age and accounted for the largest proportion of VHD in patients aged 80-89 years. There were 1,384 cases of mitral regurgitation (MR) and 244 cases of mitral stenosis (MS). The most common etiologies for primary and secondary MR were degenerative disease (44.3%) and non-ischemic heart disease (63.0%), respectively, whereas rheumatic disease (74.6%) was the predominant cause of MS. There were 1,172 tricuspid regurgitation (TR) cases, of which 46.9% were isolated and 53.1% were associated with other valvular diseases, most commonly with MR. The most common type of TR was secondary (90.2%), while primary accounted for 6.1%. CONCLUSIONS: This report demonstrates the current epidemiological status of VHD in Korea. The results of this study can be used as fundamental data for developing Korean guidelines for VHD.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.130-133
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective function of fisetin, a natural flavonoid in zebrafish heart for the treatment of myocardial infarction in coronary and ischemic heart disease. For this purpose, we induced oxidative stress zebrafish (Danio rerio)-Tg (cmlc2: egfp) by $H_2O_2$ and then administered fisetin, the protective effect of fisetin was determined by measuring the heart rate following fisetin administration. After testing the toxicity of fisetin, we found that the heartt increased in a concentration-dependent manner, however there was no difference between the heart rates of embryos and adults. The improved heart rate demonstrated the cardioprotective effect of fisetin. The result showed that fisetin, at concentration of 3and $5{\mu}M$, significantly increased heart rate compared with the heart with $H_2O_2$ alone. This indicates that fisetin plays an important role in the prevention of heart damage and treatment of cardiovascular diseases caused by oxidative stress due to ischemia / reperfusion.

• The Journal of the Society of Stroke on Korean Medicine
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2005

Background and purpose: Arterial stiffness is an important, independent determinant of cardiovascular risk. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) has been used as a valuable index of arterial stiffness and as a surrogate marker for atherosclerosis. The Framingham risk score was developed using categorized risk factors to predict the 10 year absolute risk of developing coronary heart disease (CHD). This algorithm is established using recommended guidelines for blood pressure, total cholesterol, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol in addition to age, smoking history and history of diabetes. Tongxinluo(TXL) has been shown to have anti hyperlipidemic activity and anti atherogenic effects. To determine its efficacy and safety, we examined whether TXL improves PWV, ABI, Framingham score, blood pressure, and lipid profile in high risk group of cardiovascular diseases. Subjects and methods: 49 subjects with the high risk of cardiovascular diseases were recruited. Subjects were administered TXL with the dose of 1110mg three times a day for 8 weeks. baPWV, ABI, Framingham risk score, Blood pressure and serum lipid profile were assessed at baseline and after 4 and 8weeks. Results: Total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglyceride, total lipid and phospolipid significantly decreased after 4 weeks of medication. Total cholesterol, total lipid and phospolipid significantly decreased after 8 weeks of medication. There were no significant changes in Framingham risk scores, ABI, PWV and blood pressure. On safety assessment, there were no adverse effects, hepatic or renal toxicity. Conclusion: We suggest that TXL is a safe and useful herbal medicine for hyperlipidemia and as for anti-atherognic effects, further research would be necessary.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.20-21
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• 2001

Free radicals and oxidative stress playa crucial role in the pathophysiology of a broad spectrum of cardiovascular diseases including congestive heart failure, valvular heart disease, cardiomyopathy, hypertrophy, atherosclerosis and ischemic heart disease. We have demonstrated that IH 636 proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) provides excellent protection against free radicals in both in vitro and in vivo models, and exhibits significantly better efficacy as compared to vitamins C, E and $\beta$-carotene.(omitted)

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.430.2-431
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• 2002

Cardiovascular complications are high in the diabetic patients. Especially, acute coronary heart diseases (CHD) can be prevented by use of antiplatelet agents. This study was to determine the efficacy of antiplatelet therapy on prevention of cardiovascular events in diabetic patients. METHODS: The medical charts of 132 diabetic patients at Hanyang University. Kuri Hospital from January 1996 to January 2000 were reviewed retrospectively. (omitted)

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.1-6
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• 2008

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the seasonal variation in stroke types, ischemic stroke subtypes, stroke risk factors and Sasang constitutions. Methods: 226 patients with acute stroke within 14 days onset were included, who were admitted to Kyunghee Oriental Medical Center from November 2005 to October 2006. The year was subdivided into four parts: spring (March-May); summer (June-August); fall (September-November); and winter (December-February). Stroke types, ischemic stroke subtypes, stroke risk factors and Sasang constitutions in the four groups were examined. Results: Ischemic stroke was most frequent in summer, whereas hemorrhagic stroke was most frequent in winter. There was no significant difference in seasonal variation of stroke. The frequency of ischemic heart disease among stroke risk factors was significantly high in spring (p=0.031). The frequency of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation, and hyperlipidemia did not differ among seasons. There was no significant difference in Sasang constitution among seasons. Frequency of small vessel occlusion was highest in summer. Large artery atherosclerosis was frequent in spring and summer,but seasonal variation of ischemic stroke subtypes did not show statistical difference. Conclusion: Acute stroke demonstrates seasonal characteristics according to stroke types, ischemic stroke subtypes, risk factors for stroke, and Sasang constitutions. These results have important clinical implications in stroke prevention.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.37 no.7
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• pp.613-616
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• 2004

Systemic lupus erythemotosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder with dermal, renal, and cardiac manifestations. It frequently has cardiovascular complications such as pericarditis, myocarditis, and valvular heart diseases. Valvular heart diseases in SLE comes mainly in the form of mitral or aortic insufficiencies. Report of aortic stenosis is extremely rare. Surgical treatments of valvular heart disease in SLE are not done frequently because of complications in other organs. Aortic stenosis developed in a 59 year-old woman with SLE, and aortic valve replacement was done successfully.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.187-194
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• 1981

Cardiac surgery is generally followed by a period of routine ventilator support. When the patient seems hemodynamically stable and relatively alert following surgery, respiratory adequacy is tested by the weaning trial. In this study, physiological and clinical prediction of postoperative respiratory adequacy, including values of pulmonary function tests, were examined in an attempt to identity those few variables which predicted the outcome of the ventilator weaning trial following surgery. Our series comprised 27 patients who underwent elective open intracardiac operations at the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, from October 1979 to July, 1980. The pulmonary function tests performed on all patients included the following; forced vital capacity [FVC], forced expiratory volume [FEV1.0], forced expiratory flow [FEF 25--75~], residual volume [RV], and functional residual capacity [FRC], measured with a helium dilution technique. Of our 27 patients, 8 were successfully weaned within 20 hours of operation. All patients with cyanotic heart diseases or acquired heart diseases were unsuccessfully weaned. The bypass time in the successful weaning group was shorter in the mean value [82.8 minutes]than in the unsuccessful weaning group [120.5 minutes]. There was a relatively significant difference in the mean values for the two groups in arterial pressure, bleeding amounts and FiO2 among the postoperative monitoring variables, and in forced vital capacity [FVC]. The postoperative clinical assessments appeared vague but corresponded reasonably well to appraisal of success in weaning, especially in variables of cough and self-respiration efforts.