• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.69-73
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• 2022

Proteinuria is an early hallmark of kidney disease and a major risk factor for systemic cardiovascular diseases. There are several methods to measure proteinuria, such as the urine dipstick test, 24-hour urinary protein excretion method, and spot urine for the protein-to-creatinine ratio. The urine dipstick test is simple but inaccurate. The 24-hour urinary protein excretion method is the gold standard; however, it is cumbersome, especially in children. Spot urine for the protein-to-creatinine ratio is simple and accurate, but has limitations. Specific urinary protein such as albumin can be measured instead of the total protein content. Tests should be avoided in situations that cause transient proteinuria or false-positive results. It should be performed correctly, and its limitations should be recognized and interpreted accurately.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.38 no.7 s.252
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• pp.507-509
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• 2005

Open heart surgery via right thoracotomy can be accomplished in atrial septal defects, and mitral valve diseases. Recently, thoracoscopic atrial septal defect closure, mitral valve repair, Maze operation, and minimal invasive direct coronary artery bypass (MIDCAB) are accomplished with AESOP 3000. However, there is no report of thoracoscopic aortic valve replacement in Korea. We report a successful thoracospic aortic valve replacement assisted with AESOP 3000 in a 31-year-old female patient.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.82 no.4
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• pp.348-356
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• 2019

Background: Recently, the number of lung transplants in South Korea has increased. However, the long-term outcome data is limited. In this study, we aimed to investigate the long-term outcomes of adult lung transplantation recipients. Methods: Among the patients that underwent lung transplantation at a tertiary referral center in South Korea between 2008 and 2017, adults patient who underwent deceased-donor lung transplantation with available follow-up data were enrolled. Their medical records were retrospectively reviewed. Results: Through eligibility screening, we identified 60 adult patients that underwent lung (n=51) or heart-lung transplantation (n=9) during the observation period. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (46.7%, 28/60) was the most frequent cause of lung transplantation. For all the 60 patients, the median follow-up duration for post-transplantation was 2.6 years (range, 0.01-7.6). During the post-transplantation follow-up period, 19 patients (31.7%) died at a median duration of 194 days. The survival rates were 75.5%, 67.6%, and 61.8% at 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years, respectively. Out of the 60 patients, 8 (13.3%) were diagnosed with chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD), after a mean duration of $3.3{\pm}2.8years$ post-transplantation. The CLAD development rate was 0%, 17.7%, and 25.8% at 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years, respectively. The most common newly developed post-transplantation comorbidity was the chronic kidney disease (CKD; 54.0%), followed by diabetes mellitus (25.9%). Conclusion: Among the adult lung transplantation recipients at a South Korea tertiary referral center, the long-term survival rates were favorable. The proportion of patients who developed CLAD was not substantial. CKD was the most common post-transplantation comorbidity.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.38 no.10 s.255
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• pp.699-704
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• 2005

Background: Coronary artery fistula is rare congenital anomaly, which account for $0.27\~0.40\%$ of all congenital heart diseases. We report the clinical observations of 45 patients with coronary artery fistula. Material and Method: We reviewed all patients presented with or without symptoms of coronary artery fistula between 1987 and 2004. Age ranged from 1 to 83 years. Twenty-six patients were female. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the presenting symptoms. Twelve patients were in group A (asymptomatic) and 33 patients in group B (symptomatic). The most common clinical presentation in group B was angina (18) followed by dyspnea (7), atypical chest pain (5), syncope (1), fatigue (1), and palpitation (1). Twenty-five patients were associated with other cardiac diseases, which were atrial septal defect (4), coronary artery occlusive disease (6), hypertension (12), and valvular heart disease (2). Result: Patients were followed-up for a mean period of $64.8\pm62.7$ months. There was no complication related to coronary artery fistula during the follow-up period in both group. There was no mortality related to coronary artery fistula. Conclusion: In symptomatic patients, early surgical treatment is recommended considering the low perioperative morbidity. In asymptomatic patients receiving medical treatment, close follow up may be necessary.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.56-61
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• 2013

Bryonia alba L. belongs to the Cucurbitaceae family and grows in Europe, Asia, America, Africa, Russia, Ukraina and Armenia. The root of Bryonia alba has been used for neuropsychical diseases, psychosis, hysteria, paralysis, epilepsy, vertigo, headache, migrain, melancholia, forgetfulness, sadness, absent mindedness, delirium, cardiovascular disease, ischemia, gastrointestinal diseases, gastric ulcer and respiratory diseases. The root of Bryonia alba contains an oxidized tetra cyclic triterpens, cucurbitaceous, polyunsaturated hydrocarbons, phospholipids, phosphatidylcholines, ethereal oils, fatty acids, a great amount of amino acids, alcohol soluble enzymes, sugar, carotene, vitamin C and E. Bryonia alba increases coronary blood-flow and the amplitude of cardiac contractions. Bryonia alba has an antistressor action and increases the working capacity. Bryonia alba activates connective tissue cells. Bryonia alba markedly increases the oxygen consumption by young and senescent rat brain, liver as well as heart mitochondrial fraction as Korean Ginseng. Bryonia alba decreases lipid peroxidation after immobilization stress. In conclusion, Bryonia alba like Ginseng used in traditional medicine came from ancient time has a good perspective administration as prophylactic and medical remedy, as remedy of lot of diseases in modern medicine.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Sericultural Science Conference
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• 1997.06a
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• pp.119-131
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• 1997

As the average span of human life is continuously increasing, especially the old aged groups, are suffering from various chronic and critical diseases e.g. cardiovascular diseases, coronary heart disease, diabetes, atherosclerosis and alzheimer's etc. However, effective and safe treatment methods have not yet been investigated threathening old aged groups. This research was planned to isolate compounds with the therapeutic potential for the above mentioned chronic diseases from the mulberry leaves. Biological screenings were carried out for the following categories; anti-atherogenic, anti-diabetic and antihypertensive effects. The results were as follows; Mulberry leaves, 20% $\alpha$-treated Gaelyrangppong showed significant 81% of blood glucose lowering effects in alloxan-induced hyperglycemic mice. Particularly, butanol-soluble fractions of mulberry leaves showed the more significant hypoglycemic activity than other fractions in alloxan induced hyperhlycemic mice. Also in the group given 1g/kg doses of extract of mulberry leaves, total cholesterol level was decreased significantly by as much as 49% in hyperlipidemia-induced rats. In Mulberry leaves post-treated group, the atheroscelosis index, HDL-cholesterol/Total-cholesterol, was increased significantly by as much as 91%.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.83-90
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• 1983

During the period of March 1981 to September 1982 a series of survey has been done on the value of amylase in blood and urine of 24 patients who went through the operation of heart surgery, for congenital and acquired heart diseases, with extracorporeal circulation at the Department of Thoracic _ Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Hanyang University. In order to analyze the iteration and inter-relation of the value of amylase in blood and urine and the extra corporeal circulation time. The duration of extra-corporeal circulation time up to 60 minutes was classified as Group A while above 60 minutes was classified as Group B. The results are as follow; 1. 3 patients [23.07%] among 13 patients of Group A and 3 patients [27.27%] among 11 patients, showed increased amylase value after the surgery. 2. The average value in blood after operation was 120.3190.71 unit in Group A and 130.90113.15 unit in Group B. It was 11.59 units [9.63%] higher in Group A than in Group B. 3. 1 patient [7.7%] among 13 patients of Group A and 2 patients[18.18%] among 11 patients of Group B, the frequency of Group B was 10.48% higher. 4. The average Value of amylase in urine after the surgery was 111.9254.87 unit in Group A and 151.54111.17 unit in Group B. It was 39.62 unit [32.72%] higher in Group A than in Group B. 5. The longer the duration of extra corporeal circulation time showed the higher the amylase value in blood and urine after the operation. 6. Although the value of amylase in blood and urine was increased after operation, no patients Were found to have developed clinical pancreatitis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.402-408
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• 1984

During the period of August 1983 to February 1984 study has been done on the value of serum lactate at regular intervals before, during and after operation on 30 patients who went through open heart surgery with extracorporeal circulation for congenital or acquired heart diseases at the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Hanyang University- The results were as follows: 1.The mean value of serum lactate before the operation was observed to be 28.5 \ulcorner.41 mg/dl. 2.At 10 minutes after the beginning of extracorporeal circulation the mean value of serum lactate showed a rapid increase to 73.24\ulcorner3.61 mg/dl, an increase of 44.74 mg/dl [156.9%] from the pre-operation value. 3.At 40 minutes after the beginning of extracorporeal circulation the mean value of serum lactate was observed to be 78.98\ulcorner1.67 mg/dl which was the highest level. It was an increase of 50.48 mg/dl [177.12%] from the preoperation value. 4.At 70 minutes after the beginning of extracorporeal circulation the mean value of serum lactate was observed to be 64.39\ulcorner9.29 mg/dl, an increase of 35.89 mg/dl [125.9%] from the preoperation value, and at over 100 minutes it was observed to be 68.00\ulcorner5.79 mg/dl, an increase of 39.5 mg/dl [138.5%] from the preoperation value. 5.The mean value of serum lactate immediately after the operation was 61.36\ulcorner6.94 mg/dl, an increase of 32.86 mg/dl [115.2%] from the preoperation value. 7.On the 7th post-operative day the value of serum lactate returned the preoperation value.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.718-731
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• 1985

Renal dysfunction is a common complication of open-heart surgery: a form of controlled hemorrhagic shock, and successful perioperative management of renal dysfunction depends on recognition of the risk factors and optimal management of factors influencing renal function, including cardiopulmonary bypass, and early detection of renal failure. Changes in renal functional parameters including Ccr, Cosm, CH2O, FENa, and RFI were observed prospectively in forty five patients operated on at Dept. of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, S.N.U.H., from April to June, 1985. They were 23 males and 22 females with 35 acquired and 10 congenital heart diseases and the mean age and body surface area of them were 38.010.3 years [22-63] and 1.5518 M2[1.151.92] respectively. Followings are the conclusion. 1. The Ccr, representative of renal function, is significantly improved from 90.231.3 ml/min/M2 preoperatively to 101.536.4 ml/min/M2 postoperative and day [P<0.05], and all patients were classified as postoperative renal functional class I of Abel, which representing adequate renal protection during our cardiopulmonary bypass. 2. The Cosm is significantly elevated at immediate postperfusion time and remained high at postoperative one day representing osmotic diuresis at that time, but CH2O shows no significant changes at immediate postperfusion period and is decreased significantly at postoperative one day, representing recovery of renal concentrating ability at that time with decreasing urine flow. 3. The absolute value and changing tendency in FENa and RFI during perioperative period shows no diagnostic reliability on these parameters, but those of CH2O appear to reveal future renal function more accurately than Ccr 4. The depth of hypothermia may be protective upon renal function against the ill effects of prolonged nonpulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass. 5. The depth of the hypothermia, pump time of more than 150 minutes, poor cardiac function, and intraoperative events such as embolism appear to be related with immediate postperfusion renal function. 6. Hemoglobinuria and hemolysis, poor preoperative renal function, history of cardiac surgery, and massive transfusion associated with bleeding appear not to be related with renal dysfunction.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.49 no.sup1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2016

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate longitudinal changes of the utilization of operational and surgical medical care inside and outside a metropolitan area over 10 years, analyzing the residential areas of patients and the locations of medical facilities for major cardiovascular surgery. Methods: Data analysis was conducted by classifying the addresses of patients and the locations of medical care facilities of metropolitan cities and provinces, using data from the National Health Insurance Corporation from January 2003 to December 2013. Results: There is serious concentration of major heart surgery to medical facilities in Seoul; this problem has not improved over time. There were differences in percentages of surgical procedures performed in the metropolitan areas according to major diseases. In the case of Busan and Daegu provinces, at least 50% of the patients underwent surgery in medical facilities in the city, but there are other regions where the percentage is less than 50%. In the case of provinces, the percentage of surgical procedures performed in medical facilities in Seoul or nearby metropolitan cities is very high. Conclusion: Policies to strengthen the regional capabilities of heart surgery and to secure human resources are required to mitigate the concentration of patients in the capital area. Many regional multi-centers must be designated to minimize unnecessary competition among regional university hospitals and activate a win-win partnership model for medical services.