• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.398-406
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• 1985

103 cases of open heart surgery were performed in the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital in 1984. There were 90 congenital cardiac anomaly and 13 acquired heart diseases. Out of 90 congenital cardiac anomaly, 63 cases of acyanotic group and 27 cases of cyanotic group were noted. In 63 cases of acyanotic group, 11 ASD, 45 VSD and 7 other acyanotic anomaly were included. In 27 cases of cyanotic group, 4 Trilogy of Fallot, 15 TOF, 3 Pentalogy of Gasul and 5 other cyanotic anomaly were found. Among 13 cases of acquired heart diseases, 12 valvular lesions and 1 atrial myxoma were noted. Two open mitral commissurotomy and ten valve replacements were performed for 12 valve lesions. The frequent complications were acute respiratory insufficiency and low cardiac output syndrome occurred in 5 cases. The perioperative mortality was 4.8% in acyanotic congenital cardiac anomaly, 7.4% in cyanotic congenital cardiac anomaly, and 0% in acquired heart diseases. Overall mortality for 103 cases of open heart surgery was 4.9%.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.69-73
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• 2007

Objectives : With an assumption of the traditional oriental medical theory, we were to evaluate the effect of tonification/sedation-manipulated acupuncture on autonomic nervous activity in healthy subjects. Methods : This study is a randomized cross-over trial. We enrolled healthy subjects, and assigned them randomly into group A or group B. Group A received acupuncture therapy on Shen-Men (He-7) and Nei-Kuan (EH-6) with tonification-manipulation, while Group B received it with sedation-manipulation. Their heart rate variability was monitored for 2 hours. After 3 days of washout period, the subjects were crossed over to the other manipulation method, and the same procedures were performed. Results : There was no statistical significance in the change of RR, SDNN, LF, HF, and LF/HF ratio between the tonification-manipulated and the sedation-manipulated groups. However, HF curve in the tonification manipulated group showed increasing tendency for 15 minutes after acupuncture. Conclusions :We suggest that the traditional tonification-manipulated acupuncture on Shen-Men and Nei-Kuan could increase parasympathetic activity shortly after acupuncture, but further evaluation on a larger sample size is needed to confirm this suggestion.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.75-82
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• 1983

This report is concerned to our experience of 10 cases of open heart surgery under the extracorporeal circulation at the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Capital Armed Forces General Hospital during the period between May, 1982 and February, 1983. 1. Six cases were male and two cases were female. Age was varied from 21 years to 50 years and mean age was 34 years. 2. The cases included 2 Ventricular Septal Defects, 1 Atrial Septal Defect, I Tetralogy of Fallot and 6 acquired valvular heart diseases. 3. The surgical managements were 3 primary repairs for Ventricular Septal Defects and Atrial Septal Defect, I total correction for Tetralogy of Fallot and 6 mitral valve replacements with bovine xenograft by Ionescu-Shiley combining 3 Tricuspid annuloplasties [ De Vega method ] and 1 deauricularization of left atrial appendage for acquired valvular heart diseases. 4. The average cardiopulmonary bypass time was 37 minutes for acyanotic congenital heart diseases and 92 minutes for cyanotic heart disease and acquired valvular heart diseases. And the average aortic cross clamping time was 19 minutes for the former and 70 minutes for the latter. 5. Postoperatively, there were 1 hemolytic anemia, 1 congestive heart failure, 1 hemolytic jaundice and 1 thermal burn as complications, but there was no operative mortality. 6. All patients received valve replacement were recommended anticoagulation with Persantin and Aspirin.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.101-110
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• 1988

Between April, 1984 and September, 1988, 459 patients underwent cardiovascular surgery at the Yeungnam University Hospital. Of these, 355 cases were open heart surgeries and 104 cases were non-open heart surgeries. There were 237 patients of acyanotic congenital cardiac anomalies, 40 patients of cyanotic congenital cardiac anomalies, and 85 patients of acquired heart diseases. The sex ratio of cardiovascular diseases was represented as 1:1.3 in male and female. The age distribution was ranged from 1 day to 65 years old. The common congenital cardiovascular anomalies were ventricular septal defect(38.7%), patent ductus arteriosus(25.5%), atrial septal defect(20.7%), Tetralogy of Fallot(8.3%), and pulmonary stenosis(2.4%) in order of frequency. Among 87 acquired cardiovascular diseases, 81 patients underwent operation for cardiac valvular lesions. 51 patients had mitral valve replacement and 13 patients had aortic valve replacement and 17 patients had double valve replacement. The overall mortality of cardiovascular surgery was 3.3% and mortality of open heart surgery was 3.9%.

• Korean Circulation Journal
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2023

Recently, single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology has enabled the discovery of novel or rare subtypes of cells and their characteristics. This technique has advanced unprecedented biomedical research by enabling the profiling and analysis of the transcriptomes of single cells at high resolution and throughput. Thus, scRNA-seq has contributed to recent advances in cardiovascular research by the generation of cell atlases of heart and blood vessels and the elucidation of mechanisms involved in cardiovascular development and diseases. This review summarizes the overall workflow of the scRNA-seq technique itself and key findings in the cardiovascular development and diseases based on the previous studies. In particular, we focused on how the single-cell sequencing technology can be utilized in clinical field and precision medicine to treat specific diseases.

• Journal of Medicine and Life Science
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.62-71
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• 2024

The incidence of diabetes is continuously increasing worldwide, resulting in a considerable socioeconomic burden. Glycemic control using traditional diabetes medications prevents microvascular complications; however, there is no objective evidence that it prevents macrovascular complications. In the 21st century, concerns have arisen that strict glycemic control and the diabetes drug rosiglitazone might increase mortality. This led the United States Food and Drug Administration to establish guidelines that require that cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs) with 3-point major adverse cardiovascular events (3-P MACE) as the primary endpoints be performed for new diabetes drugs. Since then, 20 CVOTs have been reported. Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors do not increase the incidence of cardiovascular disease; however, saxagliptin increases the risk of heart failure. Sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors (SGLT2is) and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) not only have proven cardiovascular safety but also have shown results beyond expectations by reducing the incidence of cardiovascular diseases. Additionally, SGLT2is have been reported to markedly prevent heart failure and kidney disease. The reduction in 3-P MACE by GLP-1RAs was observed only with long-acting agents; long-acting GLP-1RAs also markedly reduced renal endpoints. However, no preventive effect against heart failure was observed with GLP-1RAs. The preventive effects of both drug types against cardiovascular and kidney diseases appear to be independent of glycemic control. In conclusion, based on CVOT results, it is necessary to actively prescribe SGLT2is and GLP-1RAs to prevent cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes, regardless of glycemic control.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.498-505
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• 1987

From June 1984 to Aug. 1986, 90 cases of open heart surgery were performed at the department of cardiothoracic surgery of Kosin Medical College. There were 63 cases of congenital cardiac anomalies and 27 cases of acquired heart diseases. The sex ratio of congenital and acquired heart diseases were represented as 1.4:1 and 1:1.5 respectively. The age distribution was ranged from 7/12 to 56 years old. Among the 63 congenital cardiac anomalies, 49 cases of acyanotic group and 14 cases of cyanotic group were noted. In 49 cases of acyanotic group, 32 VSD, 15 ASD, 1 PS, and 1 RCA-LV fistula were noticed. In 14 cases of cyanotic group, 7 TOF, 1 TOF (Dextrosardia) combined with IVC interruption, 1 Triology of Fallot, 2 Pentalogy of Fallot. 1 DORV, 1 TA with PDA, VSD, ASD and Left SVC and 1 TAPVC were included. Of the 27 acquired heart diseases, 13 mitral, 3 aortic , 6 bival, 3 triplevalvular diseases and 2 LA myxomas were noted. Overall mortality were 11 cases, which included 2 cases of acyanotic heart diseases, 6 cases of cyanotic heart diseases and 3 cases of acquired hear diseases.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.66-76
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• 2023

Background: The aim of this study is to investigate the use of heart rate variability on a stroke patient with autonomic dysfunction and the effectiveness of Bunshimgi-eum. Case report: The patient showed autonomic dysfunction, including chest discomfort, 煩燥 (sweating, anxiety, insomnia, nausea, lightheadedness), and abdomen discomfort (dyspepsia, heartburn) after ischemic stroke. She was treated with a herbal medicine (Bunshimgi-eum) through complex Korean medicine treatment. The effect was evaluated using heart rate variability (HRV), Mini-Mental State Examination-DS (MMSE-DS), mean pulse rate, and subjective percentage of symptoms. After treatment, the HRV score, MMSE-DS score, and subjective percentage of symptoms improved, and the pulse rate decreased from the upper boundary value. Discussion: The results suggest that HRV may be useful in evaluating stroke patients with autonomic dysfunction and that Bunshimgi-eum is suitable for treatment.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.460-471
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• 1994

Between Feb. 1990 and Aug. 1993, 180 cases of the open heart surgery were performed under cardiopulmonary bypass in the Department of Thoracic & Cardiovascular surgery, Gil General Hospital. There were 83 cases with congenital heart diseases [CHD] and 97 cases with acquired heart diseases [AHD]. The CHD consisted of 78 acyanotic[mortality: 3.8 %] and 5 cyanotic cases with heart anomaly[mortality:l case]. The AHD were 97 cases, which contained 53 valvular, 27 ischemic heart diseases, 10 aortic diseases, 5 cases with myxoma, 1 case with post-infarct VSD, and 1 case with removal of infected pacing wire in right ventricle. In the 53 valvular heart diseases, there were 45 cases with valve replacement[MVR 27, AVR 9,MVR + AVR 9] and 8 cases with valvuloplasty. The number of the implanted prosthetic valves were 53. In MVR, 25 St. Jude, 6 Sorin, 3 Carpentier-Edward and 2 Intact medical valves were used. In aortic position, 13 St. Jude, 3 Sorin and 1 Intact medical valves were applied. The operative mortality was 5.6 % [3/53]. The annuloplasty applying artificial ring was performed in 17 patients[4 cases associated with MVR] and the number of the implanted ring was 19, which included 14 Duran ring[10 mitral, 4 tricuspid] and 5 Carpentier ring [3 mitral, 22 tricuspid]. In the 27 ischemic heart diseases, there were 9 cases with left main coronary artery lesions, 7 one vessel, 5 two vessels, and 6 three vessels. Average number of anastomosis was 2.8 per patient. The operative mortality was 14.3 % [4/27]. Among the 10 patients with aortic diseases, 7 cases were aortic dissection[type A: 5, type B: 2] and 3 cases were descending thoracic aortic aneurysm. The operative morality occurred in 3 cases. The overall mortality and the operative mortality of congenital and acquired heart disease was 7.8 %, 4.8% and 10.4%, respectively.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.389-397
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• 1984

Sixty cases of open heart surgery were performed in the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery of Chonbuk National University Hospital from July, 1983 to June, 1984. The patients were consisted of 40 [66%] congenital anomalies containing 26 [43%] patients of acyanotic group and 4 [23%] of cyanotic group, and 20 [34%] acquired heart diseases which involved one or more cardiac valves. The male patients were 42 and the female 18. In 20 valvular heart diseases, open mitral commissurotomy was done in 5 patients, mitral valvular replacement with tissue valve in 6, mitral valvular replacement with mechanical valve in 5, mitral valvular replacement with tricuspid annuloplasty in 2, mitral annuloplasty in 1, and mitral and aortic valvular replacements with mechanical valves in 1. The most frequency complication was low cardiac output syndrome occurred in 9, and the next was urethral stenosis, ARDS, and postoperative bleeding, etc. The perioperative mortality was 21% in congenital cyanotic heart disease, 12% in congenital acyanotic heart disease, and 5% in acquired heart disease.