• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.185-191
• /
• 2009

Although alcohol drinking may cause fatty liver to induce hepatocytic injury, other factors lead to it. We designed this study to investigate the differences in serum iron, cardiac, and biochemical indices in men with fatty liver and the difference between alcohol drinkers (Alcohol group) and non-drinkers (Non-alcohol group). The alcohol group had higher body indices than the non-alcohol group. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), and right and left intraocular pressure in the alcohol group were higher than those in the non-alcohol group. Hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and monocyte counts were higher in the alcohol group than in the non-alcohol group. Alanine aminotransferase, ${\gamma}$-glutamyltranspeptidase, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, creatinine, uric acid, iron, total iron binding capacity, and ferritin levels in the alcohol group were greater than those in the non-alcohol group. The present data reveals that alcohol-induced fatty liver has more elevated level of iron indices than in non-alcohol fatty liver as well as biochemical and cardiac indices, indicating that alcohol- induced fatty liver may cause possibility of adult diseases including cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• v.33 no.5
• /
• pp.587-594
• /
• 2013

Egg consumption has been limited to avoid cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and hyperlipidemia, because the yolk contains high levels of cholesterol. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the water-soluble component of egg-yolk on the growth efficiency, immune modulation, and changes in serum lipid levels in BALB/c mice. A total 5 wk old 120 BALB/c male mice were divided into 4 groups and were fed 0, 2, 10, and 20 mg/d water-soluble egg yolk extract (WSEYE) for 5 wk. Water-soluble egg yolk extract (WSEYE) uptake resulted in a significant reduction in daily weight gain and feed efficiency rate (FER). The mouse groups treated with 2 and 20 mg/d WSEYE showed a significant increase in populations of monocytes at the third wk and B-lymphocyte activity at the fifth wk. In addition, WSEYE uptake did not influence serum immunoglobulin E levels. In serum lipid-profile studies, treatment of WSEYE did not alter total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels; however, blood triglyceride levels were significantly diminished in mice treated with 2 mg/d at the third wk (p<0.05), and the level of high-density lipoprotein was significantly increased in the mice group treated with 2 and 10 mg/d WSEYE after 5 wk (p<0.05). Taken together, the data demonstrate the beneficial effects of WSEYE in the diet on immune modulation and serum lipid profiles in mouse models; therefore, this study suggests that ingestion of water-soluble fraction of egg yolk might not be related to the increased risk of heart disease, but can be an excellent candidate for maintaining health.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.32 no.5
• /
• pp.422-425
• /
• 2015

This study evaluated the myocardial performance on echocardiography after the sedation/anesthesia of medetomidine (D), the combination of medetomidine and tiletamine/zolazepam (DZ), and the combination of medetomidine, tiletamine/zolazepam and tramadol (DZT) in Beagle dogs. Ten healthy adult Beagle dogs (weighing $8.6{\pm}1.0kg$) were enrolled in this study. Heart rate (HR), fractional shortening (%FS), left ventricular ejection fraction (%LVEF), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), left ventricular internal diameter in systole (LVIDs) and left ventricular internal diameter in diastole (LVIDd) using M-mode echocardiography were measured prior to anesthesia, then every 10 min for 60 min. The HR, %FS, %LVEF, SV and CO were significantly decreased during sedation/anesthesia with D, DZ and DZT combination of anesthesia. Although those anesthetic protocols provided acceptable quality of sedation/anesthesia, levels of cardiovascular suppression were substantial and persistent and thus the continuous monitoring on vital signs should be accompanied in any situation. Close attention is required for dogs with pre-existing heart diseases, when those anesthetic protocols were applied.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.205-213
• /
• 1977

In order to evaluate the therapeutic effect of thoracostomy on the patients with pathological changes in pleural cavity which were caused by various etiological factors, a clinical study was carried out during a period of 5 and half years from May 1972 to September 1977 in the department of thoracic surgery, Hanyang University Hospital, and the following results were obtained. Of a total of 264 patients, 205 cases were male, and 59 female, exhibiting the ratio of male to female being 3.5 to 1. The pathological changes in pleural cavity could occur at any age from 4 months after birth to 76 years old, the peak incidence being in the third decade in either male or female. The incidence decreased in the second, fifth and fourth decade in order. The type of pathological changes observed and their frequencies of occurrences were 93 cases [35.2%] in pneumothorax, 62 cases [23.5%] in hemothorax, 48 cases [18.2%] in pyothorax, 46 cases [17. 4%] in hemopneumothorax, 13 cases [4.9%] in hydropneumothorax, and one case each in hydrothorax and chylothorax. The incidence of the primary diseases which predisposed the pathological changes in pleural cavity were, 119 cases [45-1%] in trauma, 64 cases [24.2%]in lung tuberculosis, 38 cases [14.4%] in pneumonia or empyema, 14 cases [5.3%] in lung emphysema and blebs, 13 cases [4.9%] in process after thoracotomy, 3 cases [1.1%] each in lung malignant tumor and lung paragonimiasis, one case in mechanical ventilator and 9 cases [3.4%] in unknown origin. The pathological changes in pleural cavity were located in the right side of the cavity in 124 cases, in the left side in 133 cases and in both sides in 7 cases, indicating that the difference between the incidence of the left and rightside occurences was insignificant. Of 93 cases of pneumothorax studied, 63 cases were found to have been tension pneumothorax and 30 cases non-tension pneumothorax, showing greater prevalence of tension type over non-tension type. Of 119 cases of trauma observed, 82 cases were accompanied with rib fractures and 37 cases were without any fracture [non-bone fracture]. Patients with the rib fractures were characterized by multiple rib fractures and multiple double fractures of ribs, accompanying with or without fracture of bones other than ribs, and patients with non-bone fracture were characterized by penetrating stab wound and blunt trauma. Of 264 cases who received thoracostomy, 207 cases [78.4%] demonstrated that their pathological changes in pleural cavity were removed and subsided by a simple measure of thoracostomy. In 43 cases [16.3%], various surgical measures including radical operation and thoracotomy were required for complete healing, since their pathological changes were not abolished by thoracostomy alone. The rest 14 cases [5.3%] were expired following thoracostomy.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.35 no.8
• /
• pp.584-589
• /
• 2002

Background : The thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic surgery is a complicated procedure that has various method of approach and protection. The authors have performed several methods to treat these diseases. Therefore, we attempt to analyze their results and risks. Material and Method: From June of 1992 to August of 2001, we performed 26 cases of thoracic aortic surgery and 10 cases of thoracoabdominal aortic surgery. There were 17 aortic dissections, 17 aortic aneurysms, one coarctation of aorta and one traumatic aortic aneurysm. The thoracic aortic replacement was performed under a femorofemoral bypass, an LA to femoral bypass, or a deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. The thoracoabdominal aortic replacement was performed under a femorofemoral bypass or a pump assisted rapid infusion. Result: There were 7 renal failures, 11 hepatopathies, 7 cerebral vascular accidents, 2 heart failures, 5 respiratory insufficiencies, and 2 sepsis in postoperative period. There were 9 hospital mortalities which were from 2 bleedings, 2 heart failures, 2 renal failures, a sepsis, a respiratory failure, and a cerebral infarction. There were 3 late deaths which were from ruptured distal anastomosis, cerebral infarction, and pneumonia. Conclusion: Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest was not good supportive methods for thoracic aortic replacement. Total thoracoabdominal aortic replacement was a high risk operation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.35 no.8
• /
• pp.611-615
• /
• 2002

Pneumoconiosis is fibrogenic disease, caused by inhalation of mineral dust. It is defined as the accumulation of dust in the lung and tissue reaction to its presence and the dust is considered to be an aerosal of solid and inanimate particles. It is among the most common and the most important occupational lung disease, especially in developing countries. It is required three prerequisites for making a clinical diagnosis of pneumoconiosis: 1) a full clinical and occupational history together with the result of physical examination; 2) previous X-ray for comparison; and 3) a clear understanding of the time scale involved in the progression of the diseases. Most pneumoconiosises are slow to evolve and changes in the appearances take many months -usually years- to occur. Pneumoconiosis is represented on a plain X-ray of the chest as multiple small round opacities, usually smaller than 1cm diameter. In 58 years old female patient, pneumoconiosis is manifested as $5{\times}4{\times}3$cm sized solitary pulmonary nodule without any occupational history and past history of exposure of dust. so we treated this case with right upper lobectomy. Therefore we report this case with a brief review of literatures.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.175-181
• /
• 2003

Primary chest wall tumors originate from soft tissue, bone or cartilage of the chest wall and it comprises 1∼2% of all primary tumors. Resection of tumor is often indicated for chronic ulceration or pain, and long-term survival might be achieved after surgery depending on the histology and the surgical procedure. Material and Method: Retrospective study of 125 primary chest wall tumors (86 benign, 39 malignant) operated between Sep. 1976 to Mar 2001 were reviewed and their clinical outcomes were analyzed. Follow-up data were collected at the outpatient clinic. Result: All patients with benign tumors were treated by excision without recurrence or death, and most malignancies were treated by wide resection. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma and chondrosarcoma constituted 46.2% of the malignant neoplasm. There was no operative death. The overall 3-year survival for patients with primary malignant neoplasm was 76.0%, and the 10-year survival was 60.5%. All deaths were disease-related and the tumor recurred in 11 patients. There was no significant difference in survival between patients with resection margins less than 4 cm and those with resection margins greater than 4 cm. Conclusion: Chest wall resection offers excellent results for benign chest wall tumors and substantial long-term survival for malignant diseases. Safe resection margin of 4 cm or more did not correlate with the survival rate although the tumor recurrence correlated with poor survival.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.24 no.6
• /
• pp.521-526
• /
• 2009

Fatty acid is an important component of many biological processes. However, an imbalance in diet-especially, a n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) deficiency-causes several diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer. In this study, we analyzed the fatty acid contents and compositions of 26 species of Korean salt marsh plants and found high fatty acid contents from S. herbacea ($148.75\;{\mu}g$/mg-dry wt.), S. komarvii ($119.05\;{\mu}g$/mg-dry wt.), C. heterocarpa ($79.23\;{\mu}g$/mg-dry wt.), A. capillaris ($71.65\;{\mu}g$/mg-dry wt.), and L. tetragonum ($67.02\;{\mu}g$/mg-dry wt.). In the case of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) composition, palmitic acid is richest in most salt marsh plants. On the other hand, oleic acid and linoleic acid are major components of monounsaturated fatty acid and n-6 PUFA, respectively. In addition, n-3 PUFAs such as LNA (linolenic acid), EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid), and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) known as the main fatty acid components of fish oils and seaweeds, were also found in S. herbacea, S. komarvii, T. tetragonoides, A. capillaris and G. littoralis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.283-289
• /
• 2002

Backgrouds: It is almost universally accepted that occlusive vascular diseases are best managed by anatomical reconstruction. However, the mortality and the morbidity have limited this operation for patients with high operation risks. In these patients, palliative operations such as extra-anatomic bypass and lumbar sympathectomy, are accepted as useful treatment. Material and Method: A retrospective study was conducted in 38 patients who underwent palliative operations for occlusive vascular disease at Korea University Guro Hospital between 1996 and 2000. Mean age of the patients was 60.37 $\pm$ 17.65 years, and preoperative diagnoses were atherosclerosis in 32 patients, Buerger's disease in 4 patients, Raynaud's syndrome in 1 patient and SVC syndrome in 1 patient. Result: Extra-anatomic bypass(40procedures), lumbar sympathectomy(17), thromboembolectomy(7) and femoral artery graft interposition(1) were performed. Six patients were required reoperation due to graft flow failure or fistula. Three year primary patency rate of entire operations was 78.29 $\pm$ 8.81%, and the correlation between type of operation and patency rate was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Palliative operations for occlusive vascular disease are useful treatment in limited patients with high operation risks or limited life expectancy.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.255-260
• /
• 2002

Paraplegia remains unresolved as the most dreaded operative complication with surgical treatment of descending thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic diseases. In this study, the neuroprotective effect of trimetazidine that has been used clinically for ischemic heart disease was investigated in a rabbit spinal cord ischemia model. Material and Method: Thirty-three New Zealand white rabbits were randomized as follows: control group undergoing abdominal aortic occlusion but receiving no pharmacologic intervention(Group 1, n= 17); TMZ group(Group 2, n= 16) receiving 3 mg/kg trimetazidine intravenously before the occlusion of the aorta. Ischemia was induced by clamping the abdominal aorta just distal to the left renal artery for 30 minutes. Neurologic status was assessed at 2, 24, and 48 hours after the operation according to the modified Tarlov scale, then the lumbosacral spinal cord was processed for histopathologic examinations 48 hours after the final assessment. Result: The average motor function score was significantly higher in the TMZ group(3.20 $\pm$ 0.77 vs 1.13 $\pm$ 1.25 at 2 hours, 3.50 $\pm$ 0.76 vs 1.45 $\pm$ 1.57 at 24 hours, and 3.91 $\pm$ 0.30 vs 1.86 $\pm$ 1.86 at 48 hours after operation; p value$\leq$0.05). Histologic observations were correlated with the motor scores. Conclusion: The results suggested that trimetazidine reduced spinal cord injury during aortic clamping and that it may have clinical utility for the thoracoabdominal aortic surgery: