• 기본간호학회지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.201-209
• /
• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the learning experience, knowledge, and performance of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in newly graduated nurses, and to identify differences related to learning experience. Methods: The participants were 114 new nurses in the hospital. They were asked to complete a questionnaire, which included CPR learning experience. They were evaluated by a written test and a skill test using a manikin and check list. Results: All participants attended CPR lectures and underwent practice while in university. Only 12.28% of participants were taught by a certified Basic Life Support (BLS) instructor. The mean scores of the written and skill tests were $79.82{\pm}12.69$ and $64.41{\pm}11.71$, respectively. The nurses lacked CPR knowledge related to checking breathing, the frequency of 30 chest compressions, compression rate, and automated external defibrillator use. They also lacked skill in performing CPR related to checking breathing and pulse and giving 2 breaths. CPR performance differed according to learning time (p=.047) and BLS educator (p=.029). Conclusion: The findings of this study reveal that CPR performance by newly graduated nurses is poor and suggest that CPR education by trained instructors, practice-based education, and reeducation programs must be provided to newly graduated nurses in the hospital.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제31권1호
• /
• pp.20-30
• /
• 2001

This study was conducted to identify the effects of a planned exercise program based on Bandura's self efficacy model on metabolism, and the exercise compliance in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The study design was a nonequivalent pre-test post-test control design. Thirty four type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, who received follow-up care regularly through the diabetic out-patient clinic, were randomly sampled for this study. Twenty patients were assigned to the experimental group and fourteen patients were assigned to the control group. In the experimental group, a planned exercise program is composed of an individualized exercise prescription for 12 weeks, an individual education, and even a telephone coach program. In the case of the control group, they were instructed to continue with their usual schedules. The data collection period was from March 1999 to February 2000 Data were analyzed using SPSS/WINDOW 10.0 program. The results were as follows. 1. In the experimental group, the level of fasting blood sugar has significantly decreased from 188.20 mg/㎗ to 155.55 mg/㎗ after planned exercise program (F= 16.86, p=.000). For lipid metabolism, body fat per cutaneous decreased from 27.16% to 26.57% after planned exercise program. The score of self efficacy has increased from 64.20 to 66.65 after planned exercise program and it was statistically significant (F=4.850, p=.040) The functional vital capacity has increased from 3.28$\ell$ to 3.37$\ell$and it was statistically significant(F=7.300, p=.020). 2. In an after effect of a planned exercise program, 35 percent of the subjects who participated in a planned exercise program continued to exercise for another six months. In conclusion, the planned exercise program can improve cardiopulmonary function, glucose, and lipid metabolism. This program was show a positive effect on the self efficacy and exercise compliance.

• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.601-607
• /
• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) knowledge and performance in the dental hygiene students in Gyeongju. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 106 dental hygiene students in Gyeongju. The questionnaire consisted of CPR knowledge and performance, and was collected from April 4 to 12. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 18.0 by t-test, correlation analysis, ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis. Results: The average age of the subjects was 20.6 years and 97.2% were female students. The students did not experience the emergency situation(96.2%). Approximately half of the students received CPR education(51.9%), but they did not have the CPR certificate(94.3%). There was a significantly statistical correlation between the CPR knowledge and performance(p<0.01). The CPR knowledge was proportional to the CPR performance skill. The CPR knowledge (p<0.05) and performance (p<0.01) showed a statistical difference by the grade of the students. The CPR knowledge of the senior students was higher than that of the freshmen and sophomore. The CPR knowledge (p<0.01) and performance (p<0.01) showed a statistical difference by the education experience. The CPR education provided the students with CPR knowledge and performance. Conclusions: In order to promote and maintain CPR knowledge and performance on dental hygiene student, it should be reinforced the more systematic training program which can be repeatedly evaluated and retrained than the present. In addition, a follow-up study will also be needed for the student and clinical dental hygienist.

• 융합신호처리학회논문지
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.157-162
• /
• 2011

본 연구는 심폐소생술 (CPR) 중 인공호흡의 무선 전송 시스템 구현에 관한 것으로, 병원 전 단계에서의 CPR 성과를 높임으로써 응급환자의 생존율을 높이기 위한 환자-병원간 무선 통신 시스템이다. 기도삽관 기반 호흡기류센서를 적용하여 호흡량을 측정하였는데, 기도삽관을 통한 인공호흡은 기류량의 손실을 최소화하여 보다 정확한 흡기-호기량 계측이 가능하고, 기도-식도 구분을 통해 식도팽창을 방지하여 다른 인공호흡 방법에 비해 장점을 입증하였다. 또, 인공호흡 주요지표인 분당 평균호흡량 (V), 호기말 이산화탄소 농도 ($EtCO_2$), 기도압력 (Ptr)을 디지털화하여 정의하였으며 정의된 데이터를 무선 통신 시스템을 이용하여 전송망의 대역폭 및 지연시간을 확인하였다. 호흡신호를 전송하기 위해 필요한 최대대역폭 (815 Kbps) 에 비해 Wireless LAN의 대역폭 (54 Mbps) 이 충분하여 네트워크 부하는 1.5 % 미만이었으며, 전송지연시간은 0.3 초 이내로 측정되었다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제32권11호
• /
• pp.978-983
• /
• 1999

Background: Complement activation with transpulmonary leukocyte sequestration is considered a main mediator leading to ischemia-reperfusion lung(I-R) injury. We studied the role of leukocytes in the formation of I-R injury in ovine cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB) model with a membrane oxygenator. Material and Method: Five sheep were used. CPB circuitry consisted of a roller pump(American Optical Corp., Greenwich, CT, USA) and a membrane oxygenator(UNIVOX-IC, Bentley, Baxter Health Corp, Irvine, CA, USA). The CPB time was fixed at 120 min. Ten minutes after the start of CPB, total CPB was established. Thereafter a total CPB of 100 min was performed, followed by another 10 min of partial CPB. The CPB was discontinued and the animals were fully recovered. For measuring left and right atrial leukocyte counts, blood samples were taken before thoracotomy, 5 min and 109 in after the start of CPB, and 30 min and 120 min after weaning. C3a was measured before thoracotomy, 109 min after the start of CPB, and 30 min and 120 min after weaning. Plasma malondialdehyde(MDA) was checked before thoracotomy, 109 min after the start of CPB, and 30 min after weaning. One to two grams of lung tissue were taken for water content measurement before thoracotomy, 109 min after the start of CPB, and 30 min after weaning. Lung biopsy specimens were examined by light and electron microscopy. Result: Of 5 animals, 4 survived the experimental procedures. Of these, 3 animals survived on a long-term basis. No significant differences in transpulmonary gradients of leukocyte were found and no significant complement activation was expressed by C3a levels. MDA level did not show significant changes related to lung reperfusion despite an increase after the start of CPB. On both light and electron microscopic examinations, mild to moderate acute lung change was observed. Interstitial edema, leakage of erythrocytes into the alveolar space and endothelial cell swelling were the main findings. Water content of the lung showed a slight increase after the start of CPB, but there was no statistical significance. Conclusion: These findings indicate that ischemia-repersusion lung injury may not be from complement activation-leukocyte sequestration but from another source of oxygen free radicals related to CPB.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제14권5호
• /
• pp.2271-2280
• /
• 2013

본 연구는 보건의료계열 대학생의 심폐소생술에 대한 지식, 자신감 및 태도를 알아보고 심폐소생술에 대한 태도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하고자 시도된 서술적 조사연구이다. 연구 대상은 참여를 동의한 보건의료계열 대학생 516명으로 하였다. 자료 분석은 연구목적에 따라 t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, Multiple linear regression을 실시하였다. 대상자의 심폐소생술에 대한 태도와 심폐소생술에 대한 지식은 유의한 정적 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났으며(r=.269, p<.001), 또한 심폐소생술에 대한 태도와 심폐소생술에 대한 자신감은 유의한 정적 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다(r=.620, p<.001). 대상자의 심폐소생술에 대한 태도에 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 심폐소생술에 대한 자신감, 성별, 심폐소생술에 대한 지식, 성격, 전공에 대한 생각, 심폐소생술 교육경험, 의료봉사경험, 전공선택동기가 유의한 영향 요인이었으며, 설명력은 49%이었다. 본 연구의 결과를 근거로 심폐소생술에 대한 긍정적인 태도를 강화할 수 있는 적극적인 프로그램 개발과 교육을 제언한다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.480-489
• /
• 2015

본 연구는 스마트폰에서 손쉽게 접근할 수 있는 심폐소생술 앱의 교육 효과를 비교 분석하고자 시도되었다. 연구대상은 국내 K 대학교 학군단 후보생으로 애니메이션 심폐소생술군과 변형된 포켓 심폐소생술군 사이에 심폐소생술의 수행도와 정확도 차이를 2010년 미국심장협회 지침에 따라 평가하였다. 자료수집은 2012년 5월 19일부터 20일까지 실시되었다. 연구결과 애니메이션 심폐소생술군과 변형된 포켓 심폐소생술군 사이에 유의한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 두 군 모두 심폐소생술 교육 전보다 후에 향상된 수행도를 보였다. 또한, 변형된 포켓 심폐소생술군은 가슴압박 중 깊이 정확도에서 (26.4%, p<.05), 애니메이션 심폐소생술군은 가슴압박 중 위치 정확도에서 교육 후 유의하게 증가하였다(25.2%, p<.01). 따라서 스마트폰 앱에 의한 심폐소생술 교육을 적시적소에 활용하되, 애니메이션 앱과 포켓심폐소생술 앱의 장점을 활용하고 단점을 보완한 교육을 하면 일반인이 쉽게 접근할 수 있는 심폐소생술 교육을 실시하는데 기여할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.189-200
• /
• 1974

The mitral valve replacement with Beall prosthetic valve was performed on three patients, and double valve replacement. aortic and mitral valve, was performed in this department.1) The preoperative studies about the first case were compatible with mitral steno-insufficency.The diseased mitral valve was replaced with the medium sized Beall prosthetic valve under the cardiopulmonary hypass using hypothermic hemodilution technique. The total perfusion time was eighty minutes. Immediate postoperative course was smooth, but this patient was died of asphyxia due to tracheomalacia complicated after tracheostomy 3 months after operation. Autopsy on this patient revealed that no thrombus and no ball variance could be found, and endothelization on the valve cuff was satisfactory. 2) The preoperative studies on the second case were compatible with mitral insufficiency. The diseased mitral valve was replaced with the medium sized Beall prosthetic valve under the cardiopulmonary bypass using hypothermic hemodilution technigue. The total perfusion time was 123 minutes. This patient was discharged in good condition and follow-up study after 16 months revealed the patient had enjoyed healthy life. 3) The preoperative studies about the third case were compatible with aortic insufficiency and mitral stenoinsufficiency. The diseased valves were replaced with type 2 sutureless Magovern aortic valve and the medium sized Beall mitral prosthesis under cardiopulmonary bypass using hypothermic hemodilution technIque and coronary artery perfusion. The total perfusion time was 155 minutes. This patient was discharged in good condition, but thromboembolism was developed 2 months after discharge. 4) The preoperative studies about the fourth case were compatible with mitral insufficiency. The diseased mitral valve was replaced with the medium sized Beall prosthetic valve. The total perfusion time was 132 minutes. The atrioventricular block developed just after operation but converted to normal sinus rhythmn on the third postperative day. The preoperative NYHA functional classification IV was converted to Class 1 or 11 at the time of discharge and this patient enjoyed healthy life. Attendum; The fifth case, nineteen years old male with mital insufficiency underwent Beall valve replacement and his course was uneventful 2 weeks after operation.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제56권6호
• /
• pp.242-246
• /
• 2013

Purpose: The cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) is an important clinical tool for evaluating exercise capacity and is frequently used to evaluate chronic conditions including congenital heart disease. However, data on the normal CPET values for Korean children and adolescents are lacking. The aim of this study was to provide reference data for CPET variables in children and adolescents. Methods: From August 2006 to April 2009, 76 healthy children and adolescents underwent the CPET performed using the modified Bruce protocol. Here, we performed a medical record review to obtain data regarding patient' demographics, medical history, and clinical status. Results: The peak oxygen uptake ($VO_{2Peak}$) and metabolic equivalent ($MET_{Max}$) were higher in boys than girls. The respiratory minute volume $(V_E)/CO_2$ production ($VCO_2$) slope did not significantly differ between boys and girls. The cardiopulmonary exercise test data did not significantly differ between the boys and girls in younger age group (age, 10 to 14 years). However, in older age group (age, 15 to 19 years), the boys had higher $VO_{2Peak}$ and $MET_{Max}$ values and lower $V_E/VCO_2$ values than the girls. Conclusion: This study provides reference data for CPET variables in case of children and adolescents and will make it easier to use the CPET for clinical decision-making.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.556-568
• /
• 2007

Unsatisfied results of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) estimates were caused by the fact that the predictability of the predictors was insufficient. This unmet estimate of the predictors may be affected by transitional events due to behaviors which occur during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). We thus hypothesized that the discrepancy of ROSC estimates found in statistical characteristics due to transitional CPR events, may affect the performance of the predictors, and that the performance of the classifier dichotomizing between ROSC and No-ROSC might be different during CPR. In a canine model (n=18) of prolonged ventricular fibrillation (VF), standard CPR was provided with administration of two doses of epinephrine 0 min or 3 min later of the onset of CPR. For the analysis of the likelihood of a successful defibrillation during CPR, Support Vector Classification was adopted to evaluate statistical peculiarity combining time and frequency based predictors: median frequency, frequency band-limited power spectrum, mean segment amplitude, and zero crossing rates. The worst predictable period showed below about 1 min after the onset of CPR, and the best predictable period could be observed from about 1.5 min later of the administering epinephrine through 2.0-2.2 min. As hypothesized, the discrepancy of statistical characteristics of the predictors was reflected in the differences of the classification performance during CPR. These results represent a major improvement in defibrillation prediction can be achieved by a specific timing of the analysis, as a change in CPR transition.