• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2001년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.181-184
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• 2001

The biological fixation of carbon dioxide using microalgae have many advantages over chemicals and remove carbon dioxide simultaneously. A ketocarotenoid astaxanthin is hyper-accumulated in the green freshwater microalga, Haematococcus pluvialis. In the present study, the combine effects of carbon dioxide concentration and light intensity on the growth of H. pluvilais were investigated. The carbon dioxide concentration above 10% caused a severe inhibition and around 5% is optimal for growth. Adaptation to high concentration of carbon dioxide enhanced the $CO_2$ tolerance. Specific growth rate calculated differently based upon cell number or dry weight because of the distinctive life cycle patterns of H. pluvialis : small-sized motile green cell and thick cell walled red cyst cell. Based on the light dependence of H. pluvialis, internally illuminated air-lift photobioreactor was designed and operated. Gradual increase of light supply gave more active growth and more effective productivity of astaxanthin than constant light supply.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.351-356
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• 2016

The carbon capture and storage (CCS), which collects and stores carbon dioxide in a geological site, is a promising option to mitigate climate change. However, there is the possibility of carbon dioxide leakage from the soil in the steps of collecting, transporting, and storing. To ensure the feasibility of this technology, it is important to monitor the leakage of carbon dioxide and to assess the potential impacts. As plants are sensitive to the changes in carbon dioxide in the soil environment, we can utilize plant parameter to detect the carbon dioxide leakage. Currently, chlorophyll a content is a conventional index indicating the changes in plants, however, this method is labor intensive and it only utilizes a small portion of leaves. To overcome its limitations, a simple spectroscopic parameter, DGCI (dark green color index), was suggested as an easy and quick indicator. In this study, we compared the values of chlorophyll a contents with DGCI from the experiment investigating the impacts of high underground $CO_2$ on grape plants. Results suggest that DGCI had high correlation with chlorophyll a contents and it has high potential to be utilized as an easy indicator to monitor plants' responses to $CO_2$ treatment.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.356-367
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• 2015

A consumption based study on the carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) emission change due to the changes in the bovine meat consumption behavior in Korea was carried out. It was found that if the consumption of bovine meat be reduced by half, the reduction amount of $CO_2$ emissions be over 0.8 $MtCO_2e$ in all senarios in 2023. This amount is equivalent to over 50% of the greenhouse gases (GHGs) emission reduction target in agriculture and forestry, and fishery, a significant reduction. It was also found that the $CO_2$ emission reduction amount in consumption-based approach was the largest when the consumption of the imported bovine meat be reduced, though the difference was not that large.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.199-205
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• 2005

Carbon dioxide was absorbed into aqueous polyethylene oxide (PEO) solution containing AMP in a flat-stirred vessel to investigate the effect of non-Newtonian rheological behavior of PEO on the rate of chemical absorption of $CO_2$, where the reaction between $CO_2$ and AMP was assumed to be a first-order reaction with respect to the molar concentration of $CO_2$ and AMP respectively. The liquid-side mass transfer coefficient, which was obtained from the dimensionless empirical equation containing the properties of viscoelasticity of the non-Newtonian liquid, was used to estimate the enhancement factor due to chemical reaction. PEO with elastic property of non-Newtonian liquid made the rate of chemical absorption of $CO_2$ accelerate compared with Newtonian liquid based on the same viscosity of the solution.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.23-38
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• 2011

● The current world is suffering abnormal climate caused by global warming. The main cause of global warming is greenhouse gas such as carbon dioxide. The carbon labeling system and carbon traceability system being pushed ahead in the agricultural sector is the policy for responding to climate change to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. To make this policy more effective and enhanced, the amount of carbon emissions should be calculated based on the kind of crops or the various businesses in the agricultural sector. Therefore, in order to estimate the accurate amount of carbon emissions, it is necessary to establish carbon dioxide emission intensity of various agricultural materials added onto the agriculture, and to calculate the amount of carbon dioxide emission for each crop according to agricultural production. The purpose of this study is to establish the amount of emission, emission per agricultural materials, of agricultural materials being added for crop production as a basic step, and emission intensity which can be used in the future market in order to estimate accurate amount of carbon emission in all the policies being promoted in the agricultural sector. Therefore, in this study, in order to build LCI D/B about organic fertilizers among many organic materials added onto the organic agriculture sector, one leading company in organic fertilizer production was selected and LCA was conducted for this leading company. We had to build the intensity and integrated average concept of intensity upon the two cases once production farmers for their own consumption and farms besides organic fertilizer company were categorized even if it's little amount. But in this study, individually produced organic fertilizers were excluded. Calculated results are following. Carbon emission of mixed expeller cake fertilizer in organic fertilizer was 1,106,966.89kg-$CO^2$ and emission intensity was 0.01606kg-$CO^2$, respectively. Total emission of mixed organic fertilizers was 241,523.2kg-$CO^2$ and emission intensity was 0.01705kg-$CO^2$. And total emission of organic compound fertilizers was 94,592.66kg-$CO^2$ and emission intensity was 0.01769kg-$CO^2$, respectively.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.1008-1014
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• 2012

국내의 경우 배출되는 이산화탄소의 양은 연간 6억톤 이상으로 대기로의 방출을 막기 위해 이 중 일부를 포집하여 저장을 하여야 하나, 아직 적당한 저장소를 발견하지 못한 상태이다. 따라서 포집된 이산화탄소의 일부를 다시 유용한 탄소원으로 전환하여 사용하고자 하는 연구가 많이 진행되고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 안정한 이산화탄소를 보다 적은 에너지원을 사용하여 유용한 탄소자원을 만드는데 있다. 이를 위해 환원가스와 금속계 산화물(활성화제)이 필요하다. 따라서 환원가스는 수소를 사용하였고, 활성화제로는 코발트계 페라이트를 사용하였다. 활성화제는 제법에 따라 물성에 대한 차이가 있을 것으로 판단하여 고상법과 수열합성법을 이용해 제조된 분말을 사용하여 각각 이산화탄소 분해 특성 연구를 수행하였다. 이산화탄소의 분해 특성을 관찰하기 위해 TPR/TPO와 TGA 장치를 사용하였다. TPR/TPO를 이용한 $CO_2$에 의한 흡착분해 곡선면적을 측정한 결과 고상법으로 제조된 활성화제 중 CoO의 함량이 5와 10 wt%일때 우수한 성능을 나타내었다. 마찬가지로 TGA를 이용한 실험결과에서도 고상법에 의해 제조된 시료가 수소에 의한 흡착환원이 29.0 wt% 발생하였고, $CO_2$에 의한 산화량도 27.5 wt%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 그리고 $CO_2$의 분해효율이 95%로 우수한 이산화탄소 전환 특성을 나타내었다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.129-142
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• 2023

본 연구는 2018년 4월부터 2022년 4월까지 Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2/3의 건조공기 이산화탄소 몰분율(column-averaged carbon dioxide dry-air mole fraction, XCO₂) 자료와 TROPOspheric monitoring instrument의 일산화탄소(carbon monoxide, CO) 및 이산화질소(nitrogen dioxide, NO₂) 연직컬럼농도(본 연구에서 XCO, XNO₂로 명명) 자료를 활용하여 한국과 중국의 도시 및 권역에 대해 CO와 CO₂, CO와 NO₂의 비율을 분석하고, 사회경제적 지표(인구, 차량 등록 대수, 지역내총생산)와 비율의 관계, 한국과 중국에서의 특성 차이를 제시하였다. 먼저 CO₂, CO 그리고 NO₂ 세 기체상 물질의 대기 중 체류시간 차이로 CO₂, CO는 배경값과 추세선을 제거한 ΔXCO₂, ΔXCO로 분석하였다. 지역별로 세 값을 비교한 결과 ΔXCO, ΔXCO₂는 중국 지역이 XNO₂는 한국 지역이 상대적으로 높은 값을 보였으며, 두 값의 비율(ΔXCO/ΔXCO₂, ΔXCO/XNO₂) 모두 한국보다 중국에서 높은 것으로 나타났다. ΔXCO/ΔXCO₂, ΔXCO/XNO₂와 사회경제적 지표는 양의 상관관계를 보였으며, 이는 도시 규모가 크고 경제활동이 활발할수록 대기오염기체 및 온실기체의 농도가 높다는 점을 시사한다. 한국과 중국의 비율 특성 차이를 분석하기 위해 두 나라의 지역별로 분석한 ΔXCO와 ΔXCO₂ 관계는 한국은 음의 관계성을 중국은 양의 관계성을 나타냈다. ΔXCO와 XNO₂의 상관성을 여름과 겨울에 대해 각각 살펴본 결과, 한국은 계절에 따른 ΔXCO 증감이 크지 않은 것에 비해 중국은 북동부 지역을 중심으로 계절에 따른 ΔXCO와 XNO₂의 증감이 크게 나타나며 관계성의 차이를 보였다. 이는 온실기체와 대기오염기체의 비율을 분석할 때, 계절 변동성 및 국가별 배출 특성을 감안해야 함을 시사한다.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2013

최근 지구 온난화 문제는 전 세계적으로 중요한 이슈가 되고 있으며, 이와 같은 문제해결을 위한 방안으로 그린 IT에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 이러한 가운데 IT분야는 다양한 서비스들과 해킹기술도 함께 진화하고 있어, 다양하고, 더 많은 보안시스템의 사용이 불가피하게 됨에 따라, $CO_2$배출량의 증가가 예상되고 있다. 따라서 본 논문은 보안시스템의 $CO_2$배출에 대한 실험 및 사례연구를 통해 요인들을 분석하고, 보안 시스템의 기능적 구조 개선을 통한, $CO_2$배출량의 경감 여부를 알아봄으로써, 향후, 보안 네트워크의 설계와 성능 향상, IT분야의 탄소배출량 경감을 위한 자료로 활용될 것으로 기대한다.

• Architectural research
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.145-149
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• 2016

Recently, a goal was set globally to reduce the Carbon Dioxide ($CO_2$) emission at national levels by 30 % in comparison to the Business As Usual (BAU) pursuant to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. As construction industry accounts for as high as 40 % of the $CO_2$ emission by the entire industrial sector in Korea, efforts toward reducing emissions from the construction industry are essential. Buildings are mainly responsible for $CO_2$ emissions, and, to reduce the $CO_2$ emitted from the buildings, a fast and accurate calculation method is required to be introduced in the architectural design phase. If the standardized data based on Building Information Modelling (BIM) is utilized, $CO_2$ emissions can be calculated quickly and accurately during the design phase. However, it is difficult for the designers who lack the knowledge regarding $CO_2$ emissions to reduce and manage such emission during the planning and design phases of buildings by estimating the quantities of various materials and the corresponding $CO_2$ emissions. Accordingly, the objective of this study is to develop a BIM-based $CO_2$ emission estimation system for a rapid and objective analysis and verification of $CO_2$ emissions.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.133-141
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• 2006

Carbon dioxide was absorbed into the aqueous nanometer sized colloidal silica solution of 0-31 wt% and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol of $0-2kmol/m^3$ in a flat-stirred vessel with the impeller of various sizes and speeds at $25^{\circ}C$ and 0.101 MPa to measure the absorption rate of $CO_2$. The volumetric liquid-side mass transfer coefficient$(k_La)\;of\;CO_2$ was used to obtain the empirical correlation formula containing the rheological behavior of the aqueous colloidal silica solution. Reduction of the measured $k_La$ was explained by the viscoelastic properties of the aqueous colloidal silica solution. The theoretical value of the absorption rate of $CO_2$ was estimated from the model based on the film theory accompanied by chemical reaction and compared with the measured value.