• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.370-377
• /
• 1998

본 연구는 황색포도상구균의 병원성 인자인 alpha-toxin, casular polysaccharides (CPS)와 fibronectin-binding protein (FnBP)을 이용해 실험동물인 토끼에서의 항체가 형성 능과 공격접종 후 방어능에 관한 연구를 위하여 수행되었으며 향후 젖소 유방염 아단위 항원 을 이용한 백신개발 가능성을 탐색하고자 수행되어졌다. 황색포도상구균의 alpha-toxin, capsu18r polysaccharides (CPS)91 fibronectin-binding protein (FnBP) 항원을 이통재 효소면 역측정법을 통한 혈중 IgG 항체가수준을 측정하였으며 alpha-toxin, capsular polysaccharides (CPS)와 fibronectin-binding protein (FnBP)으로 면역시킨 토끼에서 대조군의 토끼보다 혈 중 항체가 수준이 1차 면역 이후 유의성 있게 높았다 (p<0.05). 백신에 사용된 alpha-toxin, capsular polysaccharides (CPS)와 fibronectin-binding protein (FnBP) 항원중 capsular polysaccharides (CPS)가 다른 alpha toxin과 fibronectin-binding protein (FnBP)의 혈중항 체가 수준과 비교하여 볼 때 비교적 낮은 수준이었다. 세균을 혈중으로 공격접종한 후 대조군 과 백신접종군의 혈중내 세균제거율에 있어 대조군에 비해 백신접종군에서 유의성 있게 낮은 균수를 보였다 (p<0.05). 또한 장기내 균수측정실험결과 대조군의 장기보다 백신접종군에서 유의성 있게 세균수가 낮게 출현하였다 (p<0.05). 결론적으로 본 연구결과 황색포도상구균의 3가지 항훤 alpha-toxin, capsular polysaccharide와 재조합 fibronectin binding protein을 이 퐁한 실험동물에서 안단위 유방염 백신은 방어능이 있다고 생각된다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.31-36
• /
• 1998

Capsular polysaccharides (CPs) from Streeptococcus pneumoniae were examined for the ability to induce secretory responses in a pure population of peritoneal macrophages. The highly purified CPs were able to affect the macrophage, ie, secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-$\alpha$) and nitrite. As after stimulation with CPs, secretion of TNF-u induced by these CPs reached its maximum within the first few hours of the interaction, while secretion of nitrite was increased with time. In addition, production of TNF-$\alpha$ and nitrite was increased in a dose-dependent manner. In the presence of indomethacin, CP-stimulated TNF-$\alpha$ production was not altered. In contrast, LPS with indomethacin stimulated 24.5% more TNF-$\alpha$ than LPS alone, suggesting that the intracellular signaling processes for TNF production are differentially stimulated by CP and LPS. The results demonstrate that CPs are potent inducer of macrophage secretory activities.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.107-107
• /
• 1987

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.127-131
• /
• 1986

The mating types and serotypes of 10 clinical isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans have been investigated. Seven isolates were serotype A and three were serotype D and thus they fell in C. neoformans var. neoformans. Mating types of six isolates were found $\alpha$ and two were $\alpha$ but another two isolates were untypable. Enzyme linked immuno-sorbent assay(ELISA) using rabbit hyper-immune serum to cryptococcal polysaccharides was well adapted to the analysis of capsular polysaccharides in sera of the patients with cryptococcal meningitis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Life Science Conference
• /
• 2007.10a
• /
• pp.47.1-47.1
• /
• 2007

See Full Text

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.24 no.5
• /
• pp.408-419
• /
• 2016

Background: In recent years, adjuvants have received increasing attention owing to the development of purified subunit and synthetic vaccines which are poor immunogens and require additional adjuvants to evoke an immune response. Therefore, immunologic adjuvants have been developed and tested. Plant polysaccharides have been recognized as effective biological response modifiers with low toxicity. Methods and Results: In this study, the polysaccharide from the aboveground part of Astragalus membranaceus Bunge containing immunomodulating arabino-3,6-galactan was evaluated for its hemolytic activity and adjuvant potential in the specific cellular and humoral immune responses to ovalbumin. The polysaccharide from the aboveground part of Astragalus membranaceus Bunge was co-immunized with the purified Vi capsular polysaccharide of Salmonella typhi vaccine in mice. The polysaccharide from the aboveground part of Astragalus membranaceus Bunge did not induce any hemolytic activity or side effects at doses up to $500{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. The concanavalin A-, lipopolysaccharide-, and ovalbumin-induced splenocyte proliferation and serum ovalbumin-specific IgG, IgG1 and IgG2b antibody titers in immunized mice were significantly enhanced by AMA. Pharmacological data revealed that the polysaccharide from the aboveground part of Astragalus membranaceus Bunge increased antigen-specific antibody levels in immunized mice. The polysaccharide from the aboveground part of Astragalus membranaceus Bunge-adjuvanted purified Vi capsular polysaccharide of Salmonella typhi vaccine improved the proliferation of splenocytes and macrophages as well as stimulated cytokine production. Conclusions: These results suggest that the polysaccharide from the aboveground part of Astragalus membranaceus Bunge-adjuvanted vaccines enhanced humoral and cellular immunity and that the polysaccharide from the aboveground part of Astragalus membranaceus Bunge is a safe and efficacious adjuvant candidate suitable for use in prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.271-279
• /
• 2010

Streptococcus pneumoniae is the major pathogen that frequently causes serious infections in children, the elderly and immunocompromised patients. S. pneumoniae is known to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and S. pneumoniae-produced ROS is considered to play a role in pneumococci pathogenesis. SIGN-R1 is the principal receptor of capsular polysaccharides (CPSs) of S. pneumoniae. However, there is a considerable lack of knowledge about the protective role of SIGN-R1 against S. pneumoniae-produced ROS in SIGN-$R1^+$ macrophages. While investigating the protective role of SIGN-R1 against ROS, we found that SIGN-R1 intimately bound to peroxiredoxin-1 (Prx-1), one of small antioxidant proteins in vitro and in vivo. This interaction was increased with ROS generation which was produced by stimulating SIGN-R1 with dextran, a polysaccharide ligand of SIGN-R1. Also, SIGN-R1 crosslinking with 22D1 anti-SIGN-R1 antibody increased Prx-1 in vitro or in vivo. These results suggested that SIGN-R1 stimulation with CPSs of S. pneumoniae increase the expression level of Prx-1 through ROS and its subsequent interaction to SIGN-R1, providing an important antioxidant role for the host protection against S. pneumoniae.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.179-183
• /
• 1993

A restricted facultatively methanol-oxidizing bacterium, Methylovorus sp. strain SS1, was isolate dfrom soil samples from Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, through methanol-enrichment culture technique. The isolate was nonmotile Gram-negative rod and did not have complex internal membrane system. The colonies were small, pale-yellow, and raised convex with entire margin. The cell did not produce any spores and capsular materials. The cell was obligately aerobic and exhibited catalase, but no oxidase, activity. Plasmid, carotenoid pigment, and poly-.betha.-hydroxybutyric acid were not found. The guanine plus cytosine content of the DNA was 55%. The isolate was found to grow only on methanol methylamine, or glucose. Growth factors were not required. Cells growing on methanol was found to produce extracellular polysaccharides containing glucose, lactose, and fructose. Growth was optimal (t$_{d}$= 1.7) with 0.5%(v/v) methanol at 40.deg.C and pH 6.5. No Growth was observed at over 60.deg.C. Cell-free extracts of the methanol grown cells exhibited the phenazine methosulfate-linked methanol dehydrogenase activity Methanol was found to be assimilate dthrough the ribulose monophosphate pathway.y.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.325-334
• /
• 2007

Recently, quorum sensing has been implicated as an important global regulator controlling the production of numerous virulence factors such as capsular polysaccharides in bacterial pathogens. The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of smcR, a homolog of V. harveyi luxR identified from V. vulnificus ATCC29307, were analyzed. The amino acid sequence of SmcR from V. vulnificus was 72 to 92% similar to those of LuxR homologs from Vibrio spp. Functions of SmcR were assessed by the construction of an isogenic mutant, whose smcR gene was inactivated by allelic exchanges, and by evaluating its phenotype changes in vitro and in mice. The disruption of smcR resulted in a significant alteration in biofilm formation, in type of colony morphology, and in motility. When compared with the wild-type, the smcR mutant exhibited reduced survival under adverse conditions, such as acidic pH and hyperosmotic stress. The smcR mutant exhibited decreased cytotoxic activity toward INT 407 cells in vitro. Furthermore, the intraperitoneal $LD_{50}$ of the smcR mutant was approximately $10^2$ times higher than that of parental wild-type. Therefore, it appears that SmcR is a novel global regulator, controlling numerous genes contributing to the pathogenesis as well as survival of V. vulnificus.