• 대한기관식도과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기관식도과학회 1976년도 제10차 학술대회연제 순서 및 초록
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• pp.87.3-87
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• 1976

병례 환자 : 강○종 4세 남자, 주소 : 기관 cannula 발거시의 호흡곤란, 병력 : 래원 2년전 소아과에서 기관절개술을 받았으며, 기관절개술 1개월후에 기관 cannula 발거곤란병으로 재수술을 받았음. 경과 : 양친에 의해 cannula corking 하에서 정상기도를 통한 호흡연습을 하여 1976년 3월 16일 본 교실에서 아무런 후유증 없이 기관 cannula를 발거하여 2일후 퇴원하였음. 2년간 기관 cannula의 발거가 곤란했던 5세 남아에서 기관 cannula 발거후 아무런 지장이 없었던 1례를 경험하였기에 보고한다. 정상기도를 통한 호흡곤란이 내외과적 수단을 가하지 않고 2년후에 기관 cannula의 발거가 가능했다는 사실은 1종의 자연치료현상으로 보아야 할 것이다. 물론 high tracheostomy로 인하여 cricoid cartilage의 손상, perichondritis, granulation 및 성문하종창의 동반이 있었다. 이러한 호흡곤란이 성장에 수반되는 기관성장이나 cannula corking 하에서 정상기도를 통한 꾸준한 호흡연습이 2년후에 기관 cannula의 발거를 가능케 했다고 볼 수도 있으나 암의 자연치료현상을 면역으로 설명하는 것과 같이 이러한 병례도 면역에 의한 자연치유나 unknown factor 등을 부가하여 생각할 수도 있겠다.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.35-42
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• 1998

The complications of a tracheotomy are caused by inappropriate surgical techniques, unsuitable cannula selections, and improper wound care. Among these, the solutions to problems of surgical technique and wound care have been reported in many articles. Detailed methods for preventing complications by the cannula are rare. The authors tried to find a way of preventing complications by the cannula Materials and Methods : The authors analized complications in 70 patients who had a temporary tracheotomy and were wearing a cannula. And the complications were compared between 4 commercial cannulas used in our institute. The examination methods used were a simple neck lateral radiogram and flexible endoscopy. Results： The order of most commonly found complications were as followed; at the suprastoma, end of cannula, level of tracheotomy, and infrastoma. Among 4 cannulas, a particular product had so many complications compared to the other 3 cannulas. The most common cause of complications was unsuitable cannula. All complications were cured with no sequelae. Flexible endoscopy is far superior to radiologic exam for detecting tracheal complications. Conclusion： Flexible endoscopy through the tracheostoma is very helpful for detecting complications early and determining if a proper cannula is used, which can prevent further complications such as stenosis or innominate artery rupture. The authors, therfore, recommend using the flexible endoscopy to all patients wearing tracheotomy tubes. Some complications can simply be prevented by replacing the one to another cannula properly fit for the individual patients. Various cannulas should be prepared at the hospital because the tracheal curvature and distance of skin to trachea are individualized.

• 대한기관식도과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기관식도과학회 1981년도 제15차 학술대회연제순서 및 초록
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• pp.4.2-4
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• 1981

본증례는 생후 52일된 남아로써 급성후두기관기관지염이란 진단하에 심한 호흡곤란, 청색증, 폐골상절흔부 및 상복부의 연부조직이 흡기시에 함몰이 있어 기도확보를 위한 기관절개술을 받은 결과 기관 cannula 발거 곤란이 발생한 증례이다. 그리하여 cannula corking하에서 자연기도를 통한 꾸준한 호흡연습으로 1년 6개월 만에 기관 cannula의 발거를 가능케 한 1례를 경험하였기에 증례보고와 문헌적 고찰을 하였다.

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.136-142
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• 2004

소의 하부장기 소화율 시험을 위하여 체중 300kg 전후의 거세 수소 5두의 십이지장내에 T 형태의 캐뉼라 설치 시술을 실시하였다. 럼푼을 주사하여 안정시킨 후 리도카인으로 국소 침윤마취를 실시하였고 피부 절개부위는 하복부 정중선에서 등쪽으로 약 20cm 정도에서부터 오른쪽 마지막 늑골에서 미부쪽으로 약 3cm 정도 간격을 두면서 늑골과 평행하게 15~20cm 정도 절개하였다. 4위 유문부에서 약 5~8cm 떨어진 곳에 T형 캐뉼라를 삽입한 후 봉합하였고 제 10-11 늑골간에 캐뉼라 누관을 인출하여 피부 밖으로 고정하였다. 시술한 소들은 모두 20개월 이상 건강하게 사육되었다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제62권4호
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• pp.414-421
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• 2019

Objective : To evaluate 3-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of Kambin's safe zone to calculate maximum cannula diameter permissible for safe percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy. Methods : Fifty 3D MRIs of 19 males and 31 females (mean, 47 years) were analysed. Oblique, axial and sagittal views were used for image analysis. Three authors calculated the inscribed circle (cannula diameter) individually, within the neural (original) and bony Kambin's triangle in oblique views, disc heights on sagittal views and root to facet distances at upper and lower end plate levels on axial views and their averages were taken. Results : The mean root to facet distances at upper end plate level measured on axial sections increased from $3.42{\pm}3.01mm$ at L12 level to $4.57{\pm}2.49mm$ at L5S1 level. The mean root to facet distances at lower end plate level measured on axial sections also increased from $6.07{\pm}1.13mm$ at L12 level to $12.9{\pm}2.83mm$ at L5S1 level. Mean maximum cannula diameter permissible through the neural Kambin's triangle increased from $5.67{\pm}1.38mm$ at L12 level to $9.7{\pm}3.82mm$ at L5S1 level. The mean maximum cannula diameter permissible through the bony Kambin's triangle also increased from $4.03{\pm}1.08mm$ at L12 level to $6.11{\pm}1mm$ at L5S1 level. Only 2% of the 427 bony Kambin's triangles could accommodate a cannula diameter of 8mm. The base of the bony Kambin's triangle taken in oblique view (3D MRI) was significantly higher than the root to facet distance at lower end plate level taken in axial view. Conclusion : The largest mean diameter of endoscopic cannula passable through "bony" Kambin's triangle was distinctively smaller than the largest mean diameter of endoscopic cannula passable through "neural" Kambin's triangle at all levels. Although proximity of exiting root to the facet joint is always taken into consideration before PELD procedure, our 3D MRI based anatomical study is the first to provide actual maximum cannula dimensions permissible in this region.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.40-47
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• 2023

Macular degeneration and glaucoma are representative age-related retinal diseases that rank second and third in the prevalence of retinal diseases, and are a kind of degenerative neurological disease. Irreversible visual acuity and visual field damage may occur, and the number of patients is rapidly increasing as the population ages. Since this retinal disease is a chronic disease, continuous drug treatment is required. There are various drug delivery methods for treatment, but direct injection of the drug into the intravitreal is the most effective for continuous delivery of the drug over a long period of time. In order to solidify Dexamethasone, a retinal disease treatment, and insert it into the primary intravitreal, it is important to develop a technology to miniaturize the treatment and an applicator to deliver the treatment. In this study, a mold technology was developed to integrate the cannula and hub, which are one part of applicator. In addition, surface treatment was performed on the outside of the cannula to improve the bonding strength between the cannula and the hub, and the bonding strength according to each condition was analyzed through a tensile test.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.11-15
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• 2015

Background: Emergency room doctors run into difficulties in treating injured pediatric patients because usually they fell into panic after trauma. In these situation, deep sedation with sevoflurane is fully recommendable method. The conventional way can interrupt common dental treatment procedure. Methods: In the present study, nasal cannula was used for sevoflurane deep sedation in 11 dental emergency treatment. Age ranged from 0 to 3 years old (average of 1.8 years). Results: Treatment duration was from 10 to 35 minutes (average of 16.7 minutes). Average duration of sedation was 25.5 minutes ranging from 15 to 45 minutes. Conclusions: It has advantages to use nasal cannula for sevoflurane deep sedation rather than conventional intubation; saves time and secures good operation field.

• 대한기관식도과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기관식도과학회 1995년도 이비인후과 종합학술대회 초록집
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• pp.92.1-92
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• 1995

Weerdar 개폐식 후두경은 Kleinsasser 후두경과 Killian-Lynch 현가 후두경의 장점을 혼합하여 개발한 것으로서 광학장치, 흡인관, injection cannula 등을 후두경에 부착할 수 있다. 그리고 후두경 내강에 injection cannula를 장치하여 고빈도 제트환기법, 고빈도 진동법, 고빈도 양압환기법을 시행할 수 있다. 이 경우 기관내 삽관을 배제하여 cannula선단이 성대 위에 위치하기 때문에 성대의 후교련까지 시야를 확보할 수 있고, 후두경 양측에 넓은 틈이 있기에 수술조작이 용이하며, 레이저 사용시에 화재의 위험을 최소로 할 수 있다. 이에 성대수술시 cannula를 통한 제트환기 중 시간 경과에 따른 활력징후, 동맥혈산소화, 이산화탄소의 배출상태 변화를 관찰하였다. 그 결과 수슬시간 30분까지 동맥혈 산소분압의 감소나 이산화탄소 축적은 관찰되지 않았기에 30분 이내의 성대수술시 기관내 삽관없이도 시행할 수 있는 안전한 마취관리의 한 방법이라 생각한다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.147-150
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• 2023

A child being supported with an extracorporeal ventricular assist device, such as the Berlin Heart EXCOR (Berlin Heart GmbH, Berlin, Germany), must have at least 2 large cannulae for a long period. Management of cannula wounds is crucial since a cannula forms a track of prosthetic material passing the mediastinum to the heart. Deep wound complications, if they occur, can be troublesome and difficult to control with conventional methods. We applied vacuum-assisted closure to a patient who had Berlin-Heart EXCOR and a gap at the cannulation site. Herein, we describe the technical aspects of management in detail.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.55-59
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• 2008

Background : The purpose of inner cannula is to protect the upper air way and permit air to pass freely, in addition, to provide endotracheal suction, artificial respiration and to maintain adequate oxygen saturation. The tube needs to be sterilized for maintenance and cleanness of air way and for prevention of bronchospasm. However, it has been reported that there is no guideline for sterilization and many hospitals conduct their own sterilization methods, for example, once a day(13's general hospital), three times a day(The Catholic University of Korea ST Mary's hospital) or even no cleansing. Consequently, the QI team of our hospital suggested the SOP(standard operating procedure) of sterilization and evaluate cost and time effect in nursing. Method : 1) Benchmarking of 13's neurosurgery department of general hospital in Seoul 2) Investigation of test records of sputum culture from patients with intubation for tracheotomy 3) Check of results of O2 Sat. monitoring to confirm of maintaining opened air way Result : 1) Improvement of process: decrease of excess sterilization of inner cannula (from 3 times a day to once a day) 2) Cost effects: saving over 10 million won per one year 3) Providing better nursing: time effects (30 min a day) permit to conduct more nursing activities Conclusion : It can get Cost and time effects in nursing with improved sterilization method of inner cannula. It needs to do research on improvement of the monthly exchange protocol of outer cannula and provide supporting data for the proper exchange schedule. The result of additional microorganism detection from patients with new process needs to be evaluated further more.