• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.237-242
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• 1998

This study was carried out to process canned ark shell with highly quality by management of proper processing conditions for prevention of oxidation and discoloration by heating. Ark shell has hemoglobin as blood pigment in red blood shell which same as other cockles. Hemoglobin is easy to come oxidation and browning reaction, and it has large contents of carotenoid as meat pigment. Proximate compositions in ark shell were 76.9% of moisture, 18.1% of crude protein, 1.8% of crude lipid, 1.3% of carbohydrate and 1.6% of crude ash. And contents of carotenoid and hemoglobin were 0.67~1.02mg% and 0.98~1.64g/dl, respectively. When the living ark shell was soaked in 2% NaCl solutions, about 89% of mud was removed after 10 hours soaking, and over 91% was removed when the pH was adjusted to 7.5. Carotenoid pigment were prepared that extracted from ark shell by using acetone. And determined visible spectrum were two peak at 452nm and 687nm, and λmax were 452nm. During thermal treatment at 95$^{\circ}C$, 111$^{\circ}C$, 116$^{\circ}C$ and 121$^{\circ}C$ for 60 minutes, retention ratio of carotenoid were 71.8%, 66.8%, 64.4% and 36.5%, and after 120 minutes retention ratio were 56.6%, 30.6%, 30.3% and 17.2%, respectively. When heated at 95$^{\circ}C$, 111$^{\circ}C$, 116$^{\circ}C$ and 121$^{\circ}C$, formation of browning material were increased at high temperature and long time treatment.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.11 no.2
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• pp.243-248
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• 1998

Ark shell was known as shellfish that had hemoglobin as blood pigment and the action of mecidine, was consumed the great part of it as raw material, though it was produced about 13,000 M/T per year. Ark shell was processed the infinitesimal quantity as conned product, bout canned ark shell had problem that occurrenced discoloration after heat treatment during processing and storage. This discoloration mechanism during processing and storage was not cleared. This study was carried out to understand characteristics of the hemoglobin as blood pigment and carotenoid as meat pigment in ark shell and management of proper processing conditions for prevention of oxidation and discoloration by thermal treatment. When treated by digestion of 0.1% BHA, 0.1% Tenox-II, 0.5% Na2EDTA, 0.05% NDGA and 3% salt soln., 0.1% BHA solution was most suitable for stability of carotenoid that the retention ratio of carotenoids were 63.1% after heating to 116$^{\circ}C$ for 120 minutes. In preparation of canned ark shell and storage at 37$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$ for 60 days, the chemical composition, pH and salinity ere stable. And contents of total carotenoid were decreased slightly from 0.83mg% to 0.727mg%. The viable cell count were 6.92$\times$103 cfu/ml at raw ark shell, after processed and storage were not detected. The predominant amino acids in the raw ark shell were glutamic acid(19.7%), arginine(16.0%), glycine(12.6%), alanine(12.2%) and aspartic acid(7.6%). When 60 days stored, the contents of amino acid were stable. And the predominant nuclotide and their related compounds in the raw ark shell were hypoxanthine(2.14$\mu$mol/g), IMP(1.94$\mu$mol/g) and ATP(0.87$\mu$mol/g), and storage at 37$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$ for 60 days, the quantity order were same as raw material.