• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.257-262
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• 2022

본 연구의 목적은 다양한 생리활성물질을 함유한 비트 추출물의 다양한 농도를 이용하여 인체 유래 암세포 증식 저해를 살펴보기 위하여 실시하였다. 실험에 사용한 인체 유래 암세포는 6종으로 전립샘암세포 DU145, 폐암세포 A549, 유방암세포 MCF-7, 자궁암세포 HeLa, 간암세포 SNU-182, 담도암세포 SNU-1196을 사용하였으며, 비트 추출물의 다양한 농도에 대한 암세포증식 저해를 CCK-8 방법으로 측정하였다. 암세포증식 저해를 살펴본 결과 비트 추출물은 전립샘암세포 DU145를 모든 농도에서 유의성있게 농도 의존적으로 저해하였으며, 폐암세포 A549, 전립샘암세포 DU-145는 100ug/mL, 1000ug/mL에서 자궁암세포 HeLa, 간암세포 SNU-182, 담도암세포 SNU-1196는 1000ug/mL에서 유의한 증식 저해를 보였다. 실험 결과, 다양한 인체 유래 암세포를 이용한 비트 추출물의 암세포증식 저해는 암 예방 효과 및 기능성 식품 개발의 가능성을 제공한다고 볼 수 있다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.382-385
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• 2023

NK (Natural killer) cells are innate immune cells and play important roles as the first immune cells to act when cancer occurs. In many cancer patients, NK cells can be seen to be inactivated, suggesting that NK cells are important in cancer treatment. In order to overcome the disadvantages of NK cells in cancer treatment, it is critical to develop strategies that enhance the proliferation and cytolytic function of NK cells. We applied niclosamide to measure the degree of NK cell activation, and obtained unexpected results of increased NK cell numbers and anti-tumor activity. Although further investigation is required to uncover the detailed mechanisms, our results suggest that Niclosamide is a promising candidate to increase the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy using NK cells.

• BMB Reports
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.167-175
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• 2024

Cancer progression is driven by genetic mutations, environmental factors, and intricate interactions within the tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME comprises of diverse cell types, such as cancer cells, immune cells, stromal cells, and neuronal cells. These cells mutually influence each other through various factors, including cytokines, vascular perfusion, and matrix stiffness. In the initial or developmental stage of cancer, neurotrophic factors such as nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor are associated with poor prognosis of various cancers by communicating with cancer cells, immune cells, and peripheral nerves within the TME. Over the past decade, research has been conducted to prevent cancer growth by controlling the activation of neurotrophic factors within tumors, exhibiting a novel attemt in cancer treatment with promising results. More recently, research focusing on controlling cancer growth through regulation of the autonomic nervous system, including the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, has gained significant attention. Sympathetic signaling predominantly promotes tumor progression, while the role of parasympathetic signaling varies among different cancer types. Neurotransmitters released from these signalings can directly or indirectly affect tumor cells or immune cells within the TME. Additionally, sensory nerve significantly promotes cancer progression. In the advanced stage of cancer, cancer-associated cachexia occurs, characterized by tissue wasting and reduced quality of life. This process involves the pathways via brainstem growth and differentiation factor 15-glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor receptor alpha-like signaling and hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin neurons. Our review highlights the critical role of neurotrophic factors as well as central nervous system on the progression of cancer, offering promising avenues for targeted therapeutic strategies.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.775-780
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• 2014

Objectives: TCR-gamma-delta+T cells (${\gamma}{\delta}$ T cells) are non-conventional T lymphocytes that can recognize and eradicate tumor cells. Our previous studies showed that infiltration and function of ${\gamma}{\delta}$ T cells were substantially attenuated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, their prognostic value was not clarified. Methods: The association between ${\gamma}{\delta}$ T cells and the clinical outcomes was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in a HCC patient cohort (n = 342). Results:Immunohistochemistry showed decreased infiltration of ${\gamma}{\delta}$ T cells in tumoral tissues compared with paired peritumoral tissues. The counts of ${\gamma}{\delta}$ T cells in peritumoral tissues were negatively correlated with tumor size (P = 0.005). Survival analysis showed that the levels of peritumoral ${\gamma}{\delta}$T cells were related to both time to recurrence (TTR) and overall survival (OS) (P = 0.010 and P = 0.036, respectively) in univariate analysis, and related to TTR in multivariate analysis (P = 0.014, H.R. [95% CI] = 0.682 [0.502-0.927]). Furthermore, the level of peritumoral ${\gamma}{\delta}$ T cells showed independent prognostic value for TTR in Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage A patients (P = 0.038, H.R. [95% CI] = 0.727 [0.537-0.984]). However, tumoral ${\gamma}{\delta}$ T cells did not show independent prognostic value for either TTR or OS in HCC patients. Conclusions: Low counts of ${\gamma}{\delta}$ T cells in peritumoral liver tissue are related to a higher incidence of recurrence in HCC and can predict postoperative recurrence, especially in those with early-stage HCC.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.2729-2734
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• 2012

Despite clinical advances in anticancer therapy, there is still a need for novel anticancer metabolites, with higher efficacy and lesser side effects. Oroxylum indicum (L.) Vent. is a small tree of the Bignoniaceae family which is well known for its food and medicinal properties. In present study, the chemopreventive properties of O. indicum hot and cold non-polar extracts (petroleum ether and chloroform) were investigated with MDA-MB-231 (cancer cells) and WRL-68 (non-tumor cells) by XTT assay. All the extracts, and particularly the petroleum ether hot extract (PHO), exhibited significantly (P<0.05) higher cytotoxicity in MDA-MB-231 when compared to WRL-68 cells. PHO was then tested for apoptosis induction in estrogen receptor (ER)-negative (MDA-MB-231) and ER-positive (MCF-7) breast cancer cells by cellular DNA fragmentation ELISA, where it proved more efficient in the MDA-MB-231 cells. Further, when PHO was tested for anti-metastatic potential in a cell migration inhibition assay, it exhibited beneficial effects. Thus non-polar extracts of O. indicum (especially PHO) can effectively target ER-negative breast cancer cells to induce apoptosis, without harming normal cells by cancer-specific cytotoxicity. Hence, it could be considered as an extract with candidate precursors to possibly harness or alleviate ER-negative breast cancer progression even in advanced stages of malignancy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권8호
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• pp.4607-4610
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• 2013

The aim of this study was evaluated the prevalence of Treg cells in peripheral blood in patients with gastric cancer, and investigate the effect of gastric cancer cells on their differentiation. ELISA was employed to assess the concentrations of TGF-${\beta}$ and IL-10 in gastric cancer patients' serum. Then, mouse gastric cancer cells were co-cultured with T lymphocytes or T lymphocytes + anti-TGF-${\beta}$. Flow cytometric analysis and RT-PCR were then performed to detect Treg cells and TGF-${\beta}$ and IL-10 expression in gastric cancer cells. Our data showed that the expression of TGF-${\beta}$ and IL-10 in the patients with gastric cancer was increased compared to the case with healthy donors. The population of Treg cells and the expression levels of TGF-${\beta}$ and IL-10 in the co-culture group were much higher than in the control group (18.6% vs 9.5%) (P<0.05). Moreover, the population of Treg cells and the expression levels of TGF-${\beta}$ and IL-10 in the co-culture systerm were clearly decreased after addition of anti-TGF-${\beta}$ (7.7% vs 19.6%) (P<0.01). In conclusion, gastric cancer cells may induce Treg cell differentiation through TGF-${\beta}$, and further promote immunosuppression.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.294-303
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• 2007

Objectives : We are aimed to identify anti-tumor effects of realgar on some kinds of cancer cells through molecular biologic methods. Materials & Methods : We used 5 kinds of cancer cell lines: lung cancer cells(A549). stomach cancer cells(KATO) and neuroglioma cells(SUN-1118. U-87MG, U-373MG). We injected the boiled extracts of realgar $50{\mu}g$. $100{\mu}g$ to cultural media( ml )for 24 hours. We measured the killing effects on 5 kinds of cancer cells through inverted and fluorescence microscope, the suppressive effects on viability of those cells via XTT assay and the effects on the revelation of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins related to apoptosis by western blotting. Results : In the changes of morphology, the extracts of realgar showed more significant killing effects on all cancer cells. especially KATO, SNU-1118, U-87MG, U-373MG, than the control group with dose dependence, which was statistically significant. In XTT assay, the extracts of realgar showed more suppressive effects on viability of all cancer cells, especially KATO and U-373MG, than the control group with dose dependence, which was statistically significant. In the revelation of proteins related to apoptosis, the extracts of realgar increased the level of Bax and decreased that of Bcl-2 in all cancer cells with dose dependence. Conclusions : We identified that realgar had more anti-tumor effects on stomach cancer and neuroglioma than on lung cancer in the experiments above. However, these basic experiments were performed in vitro. We hope the anti-tumor effects of realgar will be practically identified through more progressive research.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.310-319
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• 2005

Objectives: The aim is to identify any anti-tumor effects of Duchesnea indica(Andr.) Focke on colon cancer cells. Materials & Methods: Colo201 human adenocarcinoma cells were obtained from American Type Culture Collection. The boiled extract of Duchesnea indica(Andr.) Focke was added (10 and 20 microliters) to cultures and observed at 0, 6, and 12 hours, and at 12-hour intervals thereafter. Morphological changes in colon cancer cells were observed through an inverted microscope, Destruction of colon cancer cells was measured through Trypan blue exclusion testing. Suppression of the viability of colon cancer cells were measured via MTT assay. Anti-cancer mechanisms in the cell cycle of colon cancer cells were analysed via flow cytometry. Results: After introduction of Duchesnea indica(Andr.) Focke to cultures several changes were seen. Significant atrophy of the nucleus and cytoplasm of colon cancer cells was observed, indicating cell injury. Destruction of colon cancer cells was observed in direct proportion to dosage and duration. Suppression of viability of colon cancer cells for each test group was greater than that of the control group increasingly over time(36h, 48h, 60h, 72h), which was statistical significant (p<0.05). Cell numbers of the mitosis phase of the colon cancer cell cycle reduced. Conclusions: Statistcally significant anti-tumor effects of Duchesnea indica(Andr.) Focke were observed in this in vitro experiment. Results support a role for Duchesnea indica(Andr.) Focke in treatment of colon cancer. though it will required progressive research to develop a practical treatment.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권23호
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• pp.10115-10119
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• 2015

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate effects of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) on radioresistance of breast cancer cells. Materials and Methods: MTT assays were used to detect any influence of AMSC supernatants on proliferation of breast cancer cells; cell migration assays were used to determine the effect of breast cancer cells on the recruitment of AMSCs; the cell survival fraction post-irradiation was assessed by clonogenic survival assay; ${\gamma}$-H2AX foci number post-irradiation was determined via fluorescence microscopy; and expression of IGF-1R was detected by Western blotting. Results: AMSC supernatants promoted proliferation and radioresistance of breast cancer cells. Breast cancer cells could recruit AMSCs, especially after irradiation. IGF-1 derived from AMSCs might be responsible for the radioresistance of breast cancer cells. Conclusions: Our results suggest that AMSCs in the tumor microenvironment may affect the outcome of radiotherapy for breast cancer in vitro.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2013

Objectives : To study the apoptosis effects of fermented Undaria pinnatifida extracts(FUP) against HCT-15 colon cancer cells. Method : By measuring cell proliferation, DNA fragmentation, cell cycle, morphology, and western blot from FUP, the study investigated the effects of the extractions had upon the HCT-15 colon cancer cells, and concluded that the inhibiting effects upon cells were induced by apoptosis. Result : FUP effectively inhibited the growth of HCT-15 colon cancer cells. After analyzing the DNA fragmentation, the study observed a DNA ladder, while examining the cells, and found an increase of sub-G1 hypodiploid cells. On the changes regarding the nucleus of the cells, a condensation of cells and chromatin, as well as an apoptotic body was clearly observed. By observing through western blot from FUP, the study found a decreased level of Bcl-2 from HCT-15 colon cancer cells, but the increased level of Bax and cleaved caspase-3, which as a result induced apoptosis, inhibiting the growth of HCT-15 colon cancer cells. FUP increased the natural death of HCT-15 colon cancer cells by the induction of apoptosis. FUP seemed to have no suppressing effect upon HL-60/MX2 cells. However, compared to the fucoidan, the study was able to clearly observe morphological changes of HCT-15 cells apoptosis, in a 1/2 concentration. Conclusion : FUP had antiproliferative effects on different kinds of cancer cells, while proving especially efficacious against colon cancer cells.