• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.191-197
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• 2020

The aims of this study were to analyze canine pyometra cases at Veterinary Medical Center of Chungbuk National University, and to identify prognostic factors of canine pyometra at the stage of diagnosis. Records of cases about intact female dogs presented to Veterinary Medical Center from 2005 to 2019 were used for analysis. A total of 147 intact female dogs with canine pyometra were analyzed from outpatients' caseload. Median outbreak age was 9.6 years (range, 8 months to 17 years). The highest prevalence of pyometra over 14 years was observed in Maltese (22.4%, n = 33). Urologic disorders (21.8%, n = 32) including acute renal failure and cystic calculi were the most frequently observed concurrent disorders in dogs with pyometra. In other cases of pyometra, tumor (15.0%, n = 29), cardiovascular disorders (15.0%, n = 22) and systemic disorders (10.9%, n = 16) were accompanied with pyometra. The concentrations of BUN, creatinine and glucose were higher than reference range in cases of poor prognosis. According to the binominal logistic regression analysis, prognosis in pyometra was related to abdominal distension (p = 0.036), urologic disorder (p = 0.016), gastrointestinal disorder (p = 0.001), and serum level of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (p = 0.045). This study describes that prognosis of canine pyometra can be predicted at the stage of diagnosis by abdominal distension, urologic disorder, gastrointestinal disorder, and serum level of BUN.

• International Neurourology Journal
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.287-294
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• 2018

Purpose: Augmentation cystoplasty (AC) is a surgical procedure used in adults and children with refractory bladder dysfunction, including a small bladder capacity and inadequate bladder compliance, and in whom conservative and medical treatment has failed. This study was aimed to determine the long-term outcomes of AC in children. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 42 patients (31 males; mean age, $14.2{\pm}6.2years$) who underwent AC for neurogenic and nonneurogenic bladder dysfunction, with a median $12.0{\pm}1.5years$ of follow-up. All patients underwent AC using the ileum with or without continent reconstruction. Pre-AC, concurrent, and post-AC procedures and complications were analyzed. Patients who underwent ureterocystoplasty, were lost to follow-up, or had less than 10 years of follow-up were excluded. The primary outcomes were the complication and continence rates, the post-AC linear rate of height and weight gain, and renal function. The Student t-test was used to evaluate between-group differences and the paired t-test was used to evaluate longitudinal changes in measured variables. Results: Renal function was stable or improved in 32 of 42 patients (76.2%), with a post-AC continence rate of 88.1%. Thirty patients (71.4%) required 72 procedures post-AC. There was no statistically significant difference in the mean percentile of height (P=0. 212) or weight (P=0.142) of patients in the pre- and post-AC periods. No cases of bladder perforation or malignancy were detected. Conclusions: We consider AC to be a safe and effective procedure that does not negatively affect future physical growth, while achieving a good rate of stable renal function. Patients need long-term follow-up to address long-term complications.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2019

Background: This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of low-dose ketamine versus ketorolac in pain control in patients with acute renal colic presenting to the emergency department (ED). Methods: This is a double-blind randomized clinical trial. The initial pain severity was assessed using the numerical rating scale (NRS). Then, ketamine or ketorolac was administered intravenously at a dose of 0.6 mg/kg and 30 mg respectively. The pain severity and adverse drug reactions were recorded 5, 15, 30, 60, and 120 min thereafter. Results: The data of 62 subjects in the ketamine group and 64 patients in the ketorolac group were analyzed. The mean age of the patients was $34.2{\pm}9.9$ and $37.9{\pm}10.6\;years$ in the ketamine and ketorolac group, respectively. There was no significant difference in the mean NRS scores at each time point, except for the 5 min, between the two groups. Despite a marked decrease in pain severity in the ketamine group from drug administration at the 5 min, a slight increase in pain was observed from the 5 min to the 15 min. The rate of adverse drug reactions, including dizziness (P = 0.001), agitation (P = 0.002), increased systolic blood pressure (> 140 mmHg), and diastolic blood pressure (> 90 mmHg) was higher in the ketamine group. Conclusions: Low dose ketamine is as effective as ketorolac in pain management in patients with renal colic presenting to the ED. However, it is associated with a higher rate of adverse drug reactions.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.94-102
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• 2024

The exact mechanism of sialolith formation has yet to be determined. Recurrence of sialolithiasis is rare, affecting only 1%-10% of patients. The current study presents a case of recurrent stones that occurred twice on the right submandibular gland 6 months postoperative and 7 months after reoperation in a 48-year-old female patient. The stones were analyzed using histology, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The first stone showed a three-layered structure with a poorly mineralized peripheral multilayered zone, highly mineralized middle layer, and the central nidus. The stones were composed of Ca, C, O, Cu, F, N, P, Si, Zn, and Zr. In TEM, compact bi-layered bacterial cell membrane was found on the peripheral layer and the central nidus of the stone as well as exosomes in the central nidus. The results demonstrated the essential components of sialolith formation, including bacteria, inflammatory exosomes, and exfoliated salivary epithelial cells that cooperatively underwent the pathogenetic progresses of central nidus formation, induction of compact zone calcification of the middle layer, and repeated subsequent deposition in the peripheral multilayer zone. The rapid recurrence could have resulted from residual pieces of a sialolith acting as the nidus of bacterial infection.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제30권7호
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• pp.630-633
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• 2020

야생 포유류의 신부전 증후군은 거의 보고가 없다. Muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus)는 중간 크기의 설치류이며 많은 질병을 가지고 있으나, 신부전 증후군은 보고된 바가 없으며, 본 케이스는 병리학적 진단을 위해 6개월령 암컷 사향쥐의 다른 임상증후군 없는 상태로 부검을 실시하였다. 요관, 신장결석과 수진증을 관찰하였고, 결석에 의한 심각한 신장 손상과, 뇌 손상을 포함한 전신 출혈과 석회화가 관찰되었고, 이는 신장 손상으로 인한 요로결석과 장기 손상에 기인한 것이다. 괴사 및 미세석회화는 신장 피질 및 수질에서, 특히 근위 곡 세뇨관 및 신장의 수집관에서 검출되었다. 사구체의 초자양변성이 크게 관찰되었으며 이는 만성 신염을 나타내며. 이러한 소견은 특히 신장에 대한 진균성 독성 효과를 나타내는 것으로 사료된다. 또한, 폐에서 호중구 및 단핵 세포의 침윤이 관찰되었고, 비장에서도 만성 염증세포인 형질세포의 침윤이 관찰되었다. 본 소견에서는 사향쥐 신부전에 따른 사인은 오염된 사료섭취로 의심되는 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.763-770
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• 1997

The air abrasive technique is a non-mechanical method by which teeth are treated before restoration and stains and calculi are removed from tooth surfaces using the kinetic energy of small particles. The air abrasive technique in dentistry was first introduced in the 1950's with as instrument called 'Airdent'. But, as the main restorative materials of the period were amalgam and gold, and the instrument's inability to control the flow of particles caused the particles to be spread throughout the clinics, widespread use was not possible. In the 1990's, as these techincal problems were solved and more interest in new restorative materials rose in an effort to preserve sound tooth structure, new developements took place in instruments related to the air abrasive technique. The air abrasive technique produces less pressure, vibration and heat that might cause patient discomfort and facilitates the preservation of sound tooth structure. It also reduces the need for anesthesia and is less harmful to the pulp. Other advantages include increase in dentin bonding strength of composite resin, lower possibility of saliva contamination and maintenance of a dry field. But there is not direct contact between the nozzle and the tooth, the operator cannot use his or her tactile sense and must rely solely upon visual input. Other disadvantages are: the tooth preparation depends on the operator's ability; alpha-alumina particles, after bouncing off the tooth surface, cause damage to dental mirrors; the equipment is expensive and takes up a certain amount of space in the clinic. The author conducted case report using the air abrasive technique on patient visiting the Department of Pediatric Dentistry at Seoul National University Dental Hospital and arrived at the following conclusions. 1. The tooth preparation capability of different air abrasive devices varied widely among manufacturers. 2. It was more effective in treating early caries lesions and stains compared to lesions where caries had already progressed to produce soft dentin. 3. The cold stream and noise caused by the evacuation system was a major cause of discomfort to pediatric patients. 4. As there is no direct contact with tooth surface when using the air abrasive technique for tooth preparation, considerable experience and skill is required for proper tooth preparation.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.479-485
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• 2007

2002년부터 2004년 까지 건국대학교 부속동물병원에 의뢰된 환축 중 고칼슘혈증견을 나타내는 94마리를 대상으로 원인질병을 조사하였다. 연구 기간 동안 고칼슘혈증은 총 94 마리, 19 견종에서 발견되었으며, 이들을 증례군에 포함시켰다. 대조군은 동일 연구기간 동안 고칼슘혈증이 발생되지 않은 총 94마리, 18 견종으로 구성되어졌다. 일반 품고 들에 대해서는 나이 분포를 제외하고는 증례군과 대조군 간에 현저한 차이가 없었다. 시츄(17.02%)와 요크셔 테리어(26.60%)가 증례군과 대조군에서 각각 가장 일반적인 품종이었다. 고칼슘혈증의 가장 일반적인 원인은 만성 신부전(14.89%) 이었으며, 그 다음으로 급성 신부전(14.89%), 신결석(6.38%)순이었다. 악성종양(림프종, 혈관육종, 만성 림프구성 백혈병, 유선 종양 및 다발성 골수종) 내분비계 질환(부신피질 기능항진증, 갑상선 기능항진증, 부신피질 기능저하증 및 갑상선 기능저하증)은 고칼슘혈증의 원인 중 8.5%와 6.4%를 각각 나타내었다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.85-93
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• 1999

세대 및 특징이 다른 쇄석기종의 치료효과와 안전성을 비교하기 위해 2세대 Northgate사의 SD-3 쇄석기와 3세대 Storz사의 Modulith SLX 쇄석기로 체외충격과 쇄석술을 시행한 단일요로결석 환자 2000례를 분석한 결과, 치료효과를 판정해 볼 수 있는 요로결석의 위치 및 크기에 따른 성공률과 재시행률에서는 큰 차이가 없는 것으로 분석되어, 제 3세대 쇄석기인 Modulith SLX와 Northgate SD-3의 치료효과는 비슷한 것으로 나타났다. 그리고, 두 쇄석기종 모두에서 심각한 합병증의 발생은 없었으나, Northgate SD-3에서 Modulith SLX 보다 합병증으로 인한 입원치료를 받은 환자의 수가 많았다. 이상으로 두 기종 사이의 치료효과에는 큰 차이가 없고, Modulith SLX률 이용한 체외충격파쇄석술이 조금 더 안전한 것으로 나타났지만 두 기종의 장단점을 서로 보완하여 사용한다면 더욱 효과적인 치료방법이 될 것으로 생각된다.