• Title/Summary/Keyword: calcium salts

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Effects of Soil Amendments and Planting Miscanthus sinensis on Salt Reduction and Growth Improvement in Substrate irrigated with High Concentration of Calcium Chloride Deicing Salts (염화칼슘 제설제 고농도 처리에 따른 토양개량제와 참억새 식재 처리가 염류저감 및 생육개선에 미치는 영향)

  • Ju, Jin-Hee;Yang, Ji;Park, Sun-Young;Yoon, Young-Han
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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    • v.22 no.6
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    • pp.15-25
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    • 2019
  • Contamination of soil by deicing salt is among the important environment problems due to their toxicity and negative impact to human health and the environment. One of the effective methods for cleaning the soil from deicing salts is desalination using soil amendment-phytoremediation continuum treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine how much of the pH, EC control and Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+, and K+ taken up soil amendments and Miscanthus sinensis, and to evaluate the effect of salt reduction and growth improvement as affected by soil amendment in high concentration of calcium chloride (CaCl2) deicing salts. Results indicated that the addition of soil amendments was decrease the EC and pH, also significantly reduce the leaching of Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+, K+, a chloride ions related deicing salts, compared to the control for CaCl2 10 g/L treatment. It also resulted in an enhanced plant growth and higher plant height, leaf length, leaf width, number of leaves, fresh weight and dry weight in Hydroball treatment + Miscanthus sinensis planting continuum treatment compared to the treatment that planted Miscanthus sinensis only. Therefore, we concluded that soil amendments might be attributed to an accumulation of deicing slats in the roadside soil, resulting in the improvement of Miscanthus sinensis growth.

EFFECT OF CALCIUM LACTATE ON DEMINERALIZATION OF SYNTHETIC HYDROXYAPATITE (유산칼슘이 합성 수산화인회석의 탈회에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Dae-Eop
    • Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.931-936
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    • 1996
  • Many kinds of soluble calcium salts such as calcium lactate are known to reduce the enamel demineralization. In this study, calcium lactate was tested for its effect on the demineralization process of hydroxyapatite. Synthetic hydroxyapatites were used as a standardized material instead of human enamel which is rarely heterogenous. And, for the purpose of hydroxyapatite demineralization, lactic acid was used. By comparing the weight of hydroxyapatite pre-demineralization and post-demineralization, it was possible to examine the effect of calcium lactate on demineralization. The weight of demineralized hydroxyapatite was reduced by about 46% and 59% with 20mM and 40mM calcium lactate, respectively. In conclusion, low concentrations of calcium lactate showed an inhibitory effect on the demineralization of synthetic hydroxyapatite.

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Synthesis and Shape Control Calcium Hydroxide Fine Powders by Hydration of Calcium Oxide (산화칼슘의 수화에 의한 수산화칼슘 미분말의 합성과 형상제어)

  • 민경소;최상흘
    • Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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    • v.28 no.9
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    • pp.739-749
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    • 1991
  • Calcium hydroxide fine powders were synthesized by hydration of calcium oxide, and the shapes of powders obtained were examined for each synthethic condition. When distilled water was used as a solvent, irregular and agglomerated submicron powders were obtained, and it was impossible to control of the shapes. In methanol-added solutions, hexagonal plate-like particles were obtained, but addition of ethanol had no effect. However on the occasion that substituted ethylene glycol for ethanol of 5 vol%, hexagonal plate-like powders were obtained. The shapes of powders synthesized in acetic acid and salicylic acid solutions were hexagonal platelike, and were spherical and very fine in citric acid and oxalic acid solutions, respectively. But in some solutions, calcium salts were precipitated by the reaction between calcium and acid added. And the size of powders were very fine using ultrasonic vibration instead of mechanical agitation.

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Single Particle Characterization of Aerosol Particles Collected During "Asian Dust" Storm Events in the Spring of 2000 and 2001, Using Low-Z Electron Probe X-ray Microanalysis (단일입자분석 (Low-Z Electron Probe X-ray Microanalysis)을 이용한 2000년, 2001년에 발생한 황사 입자의 특성분석)

  • 황희진;김혜경;노철언
    • Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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    • v.19 no.4
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    • pp.415-425
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    • 2003
  • A single particle analysis, called low-Z electron probe X-ray microanalysis was applied to characterize the atmospheric aerosols collected during Asian Dust storm events in the year of 2000 and 2001. Most frequently encountered chemical species were the soil-originated species such as aluminosilicates, silicon dioxide, and calcium carbonate. Also various species such as carbon -rich, organics, sea salts, and some reacted calcium carbonate were identified. The observation of internally mixed particles oi calcium carbonate, calcium nitrate and/or calcium sulfate shows the occurrence of the heterogeneous reaction between Asian Dust particles and NO$_{x}$ and/or SO$_{x}$ species in the atmosphere.ere.

Effect of Calcium Supplement on Bioavailability of Calcium in Rats Fed Soy Protein Diet (칼슘 보충제가 콩단백식이를 급여한 흰쥐의 체내 칼슘 이용성에 미치는 효과)

  • 원향례;오주환
    • The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.53-61
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    • 2002
  • This study is to find out how the 4 types of calcium salt such as calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, calcium lactate and calcium citrate in soy protein diet, the vegetable protein source, affect the calcium utilization in the body. To do so, calcium, phosphate and creatinine concentration and ALP activity in blood as well as the content of calcium and ash, the length, weight strength, and the calcium utilization in the bone were measured. Four groups of Sprague-Dawley male rats with the weight of around 180g were fed for 3 weeks with the experimental diet. Each group was fed with the isolated soy protein containing 14% of the diet and the above mentioned 4 types of calcium salt as the calcium source. The results are as follows; 1. There were no differences of the feed intake, weight gain, and feed efficiency among groups. 2. ALP activity in blood was sinificantly high in calcium lactate group(P<0.05), but there were no differences of concentration of calcium, phosphates, and creatinine in blood among groups. 3. The weight, calcium content, calcium ratio in ash and the strength of bone were low when calcium lactate was provided(P<0.05). 4. The content of calcium in the liver was high in calcium lactate group and calcium citrate group(P<.0.05). 5. The exceretion of feces was low in calcium lactate group(P<0.05) and the excretion of urine was also relatively low. In addition, the ratio of absorption and the retention of calcium were high(P<0.05). In summary, out of four types of calcium salt such as calcium carbontate, calcium phosphate, calcium lactate and calcium citrate when calcium lactate was provided the ALP activity in blood was high and the weight, calcium content, calcium ratio in ash and the strength of bone were low. In calcium utilization, the ratio of absorption and retention of calcium were high, however it has lower effect than 3 other calcium types in improving weight, the content of calcium and the strength of bone.

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Histochemical Observation of Calcium Salt in Human Fetus Tooth Germ with Dentinogenesis (인치배의 상아질형성에 있어서 석회염의 조직화학적 관찰)

  • Lee, Young-Dall;Song, Wan-Young
    • The Journal of the Korean dental association
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.217-219
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    • 1973
  • The observation of calcium salts in dentinogenesis was performed with Von Kossa-toluidine blue method and metachromasia were observed on the portion of border that is beginning the calcification in dentin and predentin, which is positive Von Kossa reaction.

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Control of oomycete pathogens during Pyropia farming and processing using calcium propionate

  • Yong Tae Kim;Ro-won Kim;Eunyoung Shim;Hana Park;Tatyana A. Klochkova;Gwang Hoon Kim
    • ALGAE
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    • v.38 no.1
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    • pp.71-80
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    • 2023
  • The oomycete pathogens Pythium porphyrae, causing red rot disease, and Olpidiopsis spp. causing Olpidiopsis-blight, cause serious economic losses to Pyropia sea farms in Korea. During the washing step for Pyropia processing, these pathogens proliferate rapidly, significantly reducing the quality of the final product. To develop non-acidic treatments for these pathogens, various calcium salts were tested against the infectivity of P. porphyrae and Olpidiopsis pyropiae on Pyropia gametophytes, and calcium propionate was the most effective. When Pyropia blades were immersed in 10 mM calcium propionate for 1 h after inoculation with the oomycete pathogen, infection rate of both oomycete pathogens on day 2 was significantly lower (7.1%) than control (>95%). Brief incubation of Pyropia blades in calcium propionate also reduced the spread of infection. The infected area of Pyropia thallus was reduced to 14.3% of the control in 2 days after treatment with 100 mM calcium propionate for 30 s. In field experiments conducted in actual aquaculture farms, it has been shown that a brief 30 s wash every two weeks with 100 mM calcium propionate can effectively reduce the spread of oomycetes throughout the entire culture period. The above results suggest that calcium propionate can be a useful means for controlling the spread of oomycetes not only during laver processing but also during aquaculture.

Effect of Salt on the Formation of $\alpha$-Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate from by-Product Gypsum of Phosphoric Acid Process in Aqueous Salt Solution at Atmospheric Pressure (상압수용액중에서 인산석고로부터 $\alpha$형 반수석고의 생성에 미치는 염류의 영향)

  • 이구종;최상흘
    • Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.66-72
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    • 1988
  • The effect of salts on the formation of ${\alpha}$-hemihydrated gypsum at boiling temperature under atmospheric pressure was studied by the solubility measurement method, and the formation of ${\alpha}$-hemihydrated gypsum from by-product gypsum of phosphoric acid process in the salts solution were investigated. The order of catalytic effect of salt on the formation of ${\alpha}$-hemihydrated gypsum are as follows: NH4Cl>NaCl>NaNO3. In the salts solution of sodium nitrate, sodium chloride, and ammonium chloride, prismatic ${\alpha}$-hemihydrated gypsum was obtained and the crystal form was converted to needle form in complex solution with sulfuric acid. The P2O5 content in gypsum was largely decreased in this atmosphoric solution process.

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Domestic and International Trends in Technologies for Sodium Reduction (국내외 나트륨 저감 기술 동향)

  • Jung, Kwangho
    • Food Science and Industry
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    • v.49 no.2
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    • pp.18-24
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    • 2016
  • Sodium chloride (NaCl) is a very important as one of major food ingredients in food industries. Recently, as the potential risk of adult diseases such as hypertension by overingestion of sodium, health authorities of many countries are executing policies for the reduction of sodium to suppress the overingestion of sodium by intake of NaCl. As general ways, the replacement of NaCl with either alternative salts, such as solar salts and minerals, for examples calcium, magnesium, potassium, lactic acid, and so on, and the addition of flavor enhancers were used to reduce the contents of sodium in foods. Recently, controls of particle size of sodium chloride or release point are emerging as new salt-manufacturing technologies for the sodium reduction. Upon reducing NaCl in foods it is important to develop practically adaptable technologies on the basis of the consideration of the unique functions of NaCl in foods, in particular effects on rheological characters, function as a humectant, shorten shelf life time, and so on.

Effect of Feeding Calcium Salts of Palm Oil Fatty Acids on Performance of Lactating Crossbred Cows

  • Purushothaman, Sajith;Kumar, Anil;Tiwari, D.P.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.21 no.3
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    • pp.376-385
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    • 2008
  • Twenty lactating crossbred cows yielding 10 to 15 litres of milk daily during mid lactation were selected and divided into four groups of five animals to assess the effect of feeding calcium soaps of palm oil fatty acids (bypass fat) on milk yield, milk composition and nutrient utilization in lactating crossbred cows. The animals in groups 1 (control), 2, 3 and 4 were fed concentrate mixture containing 0 (no bypass fat), 2, 4 and 6% bypass fat, respectively. The average daily dry matter consumption in the various groups ranged from 13.1 to 13.6 kg and showed no significant difference among treatment groups. There was no significant difference among different groups in digestibility of DM, OM, CP and CF, however, ether extract digestibility in cows of groups 2 and 4 was significantly (p<0.05) higher than the control group. The average milk yields of the cows in group 3 (4% bypass fat) showed a significantly (p<0.05) higher value than cows of groups 1 and 2. Similarly, a significant (p<0.05) increase in fat yield, 4% FCM yield and SNF yield was observed for the cows in group 3 (4% bypass fat). The milk composition in terms of total solids, fat, lactose, protein, solids-not-fat and ash percentage showed a varying response and bypass fat feeding did not have any effect on milk composition of cows in different groups. The gross and net energetic efficiency of milk production ranged from 23.6 to 27.5% and 37.1 to 44.4%, respectively, and showed no significant difference among different treatment groups. The gross and net efficiency of nitrogen utilization for milk production ranged from 24.0 to 28.7% and 37.2 to 43.5%, respectively, and no significant difference was noted among different treatment groups. The supplementation with calcium salts of palm oil fatty acid reduced the proportion of caproic, caprylic and capric acids and significantly (p<0.01) increased the concentration of palmitic, oleic, stearic, linoleic and linolenic acids in milk fat with increase in level of bypass fat supplementation. It was concluded that incorporation of calcium salts of palm oil fatty acids at a 4% level in the concentrate mixture of lactating crossbred cows improved the milk production and milk quality in terms of polyunsaturated fatty acids without affecting the digestibility of nutrients.