• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.27-38
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• 2014

Recently, urban and transportation planning for Transit Oriented Development(TOD) has become a major issue. For the effective policy implementation of TOD, it is important to understand the travel behavior of residents in housing areas. In this study, we compared the travel behaviors of residents by housing types based on 'the 2010 Household Travel Survey Data' focusing on metropolitan areas. By building an estimation model for subway trip frequency by housing types, it was identified that the factors influencing subway trips and ultimately suggested implications to increase the use of the subway. The highest share of bus mode was for detached house residents with 22.8%, whereas the share of subway mode was highest by efficiency apartment residents with 17.5%. Walking distance to the subway from efficiency apartment and row house were verified as 661meters and 749meters. As the residents of each housing type have more cars and bicycles, their subway trips were decreased. It was also found that subway trips were increased when the population density of residence was high with good accessibility to subway stations and poor accessibility to bus service. In this study, the statistical findings to differentiate the planning factors of public transportation by housing types were also provided. The results of this study would be used for urban design considering the travel behaviors of residents by housing types and can also be utilized for promoting the patronage of public transportation. Some limitations and a future research agenda have also been discussed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.7-18
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• 2002

To activate public transportation service, Bucheon City built Bus Information System based on Beacon type, and operates it for no.22 line. This research analyzes an effect of BIS operations, and mainly it analyzes far reliability evaluation of bus arrival time information and passenger satisfaction about BIS. As results of reliability evaluation of arrival time information service, it is proven to be practically inappropriate to use as arrival time data because it is not only travel time between each bus stop but also previous travel time history data. In order to improve this matter, neural network model was evaluated as the most outstanding one as result of experiment in applying current arrival time Prediction model. This research cannot help limiting for evaluation of operation effect in Bucheon City because there is no Bus Information System based on GPS type in Korea. For the future ITS model city, in the case of building ITS model city based on GPS type, it is possible to compare two systems relatively. In addition to that, fur the consideration of reliability of bus arrival time information, it is required to develop Predictable model and research factors that affect to bus operation.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.3D
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• pp.223-229
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• 2010

The bus transfer system has been extended from Seoul to Gyonggi province to provide better Seoul metropolitan area transit service in September, 2008. Moreover, the curved bus routes, except existing rapid bus routes, which cause longer travel time have been straightened out. Also, the Skip Stop operation suggested by passengers has been introduced to main stops in the newly added express bus lines. This study surveyed passengers service satisfaction for the recent adopted bus policies such as the transfer discount system and the express bus system in Seoul Metropolitan area. The survey results may be important foundation for future strategies for improvement. The survey included questionnaires about the importance and the satisfaction level on both quantitative and qualitative factors. The results were statistically analyzed by the modified IPA (Importance-Performance Analysis). As the result of the survey, the newly adopted services such as fare system, fare discount on transferring, travel time savings and increased number of stops are economically feasible and satisfactory, whereas the accessibility to stops, ventilation and air quality in vehicles are the priorities to be improved. Also, the safety and the information system is in need of improvement.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.207-235
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• 2021

This paper examines the effects of ambient air pollution by ozone and particulate matter on traveling by mode of transport. We estimate the SUR model of travel time by different modes of transportation using individual level data of travel diaries. We find that, as air pollution levels rises, traveling by privately-owned vehicles increases but traveling by bus decreases. Our results also show that, when an air quality alert is issued, bus traveling increases in an effort to reduce pollution levels, but traveling by own car does not change and traveling by train declines. This suggests that alert programs may not be highly effective in reducing air pollution emissions from vehicles because voluntary switching to public transportation induced by air quality alerts is outweighed by individual effort of avoiding exposure to pollution.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.659-669
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• 2011

Objective: The aim of this study is to suggest a package layout guideline for low-floor bus by interview with passengers and observations of their behavior. Background: Increasing attention has been introduced the low-floor bus to be more suitable for use by transportation handicapped. Complex issues are involved in providing comfortable services to all people. We are going to suggest package layout guidelines for more comfortable and suitable travel to all people. Method: The two times of survey and video observation sessions were conducted on low-floor buses in Seoul; (1) a finding of potential issues in the first session, (2) a confirming of issues from the last session. Results: The three of major issues were founded in this study; (1) difficulties in supporting body when standing, (2) difficulties in sitting on front wheel pan seat, (3) difficulties in passing through the aisle. Conclusion: There were clear differences between public and transportation handicapped in using some tools which are used for support body such as roof hand rails, side hand rails, and hand rail rings. Some of design problems were founded to improve from the perspective of ergonomics and universal design. Such differences and design guidelines have to be considered in bus design as well as commercial vehicle. Application: The proposed design guidelines can be used to development of low-floor bus and other public transportations.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.1D
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• pp.1-9
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• 2009

Bus information system(BIS), as a part of the intelligent transportation system(ITS), is one of the most advanced public transportation systems which provide the real-time bus traffic information for the users waiting the buses at the bus stop. However, correct bus information data, such as the present bus location, the user waiting time, the bus arrival time, etc. are not provided for the bus users because the proper bus arrival time predictive models are not used yet in most of the cities operating the bus information system, including the metropolitan City of Ulsan. Thus, the purpose in this study is to investigate real-time bus traffic characteristic data for identifying the bus operation characteristics on the arterial under the study in the metropolitan City of Ulsan, analyze real-time bus traffic characteristic data on the ID locations of the arterial under the study, construct the optimal unit segment models for the unit segments which are the bus stop, node and travel section using the exponential smoothing, weighted smoothing and Kalman Filter methods, respectively, and finally suggest the optimal integrated model for predicting the real-time bus arrival time at the bus stop of the arterial under the study.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.87-97
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• 2013

This study tried to explore the quantitative travel heterogeneity between elderly and non elderly people, focusing on urban and rural areas in south Chungcheong province. For the analysis, a PLS(Partial least square) model is applied with economic and traffic environment characteristics of the urban and rural areas. The characteristics of elderly and non elderly people in the urban and rural areas are derived from the 2011 person trip survey. As a result, the study found out that the key factors affect on elderly people in the urban and rural areas are bus operation interval, number of bus operation routes, number of household member, and a monthly average income of household. In case of non elderly people, areas economic factors such as GRDP, the rate of economic activity, and employment status as well as those of elderly people. Meanwhile, female elderly people in rural area have more sensitivity compared to male elderly people and the gender heterogeneity is not revealed in non elderly people.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.61-73
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• 2010

This research is to analyze reasons for violation of the Self Carfree day policy. It also analyzes satisfaction of the policy participation incentives. The results are that the violation rate is increasing if the drivers live in a zone which is highly energy consuming, which has low potential demand per bus stop and low trip generation per number of houses, which therefore requires more bus routes and bus services, and in which the drivers pay more car operating fees and show less tendancy towards participation even with the 5-10% oil price increase. The results are significant at the 0.05 level.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2022

Recently, e-scooters have been attracting attention as eco-friendly modes of transportation in cities due to an increasing interest in the environment. Accordingly, various studies on usage behavior are being conducted, but studies that reflect individual travel attitudes are insufficient. Therefore, this study surveyed commuters in Seoul and analyzed respondents' traveling attitudes through factor analysis. It also built a binary logistic regression model for the intention to use shared e-scooters to determine how individual travel behaviors are affected. In particular, the model results showed that age, the main mode of transportation (car), walking time to the bus stop, and four travel attitude variables (disutility of travel, preference to self-drive, internet/smartphone friendliness, and willingness to pay extra money for services) significantly affected the intention to use shared e-scooters. This study is expected to be used as basic data, with aspect to travel behavior, for the efficient operation and use of shared e-scooters in the future.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.135-142
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• 2010

The convenient techniques for predicting the bus arrival time have used the data obtained from the buses belong to the same company only. Consequently, the conventional techniques have often failed to predict the bus arrival time at the downstream bus stops due to the lack of the data during congestion time period. The primary objective of this study is to overcome the weakness of the conventional techniques. The estimation model developed based on the data obtained from Bus Information System(BIS) and Bus management System(BMS). The proposed model predicts the bus arrival time at bus stops by using the data of all buses travelling same roadway section during the same time period. In the tests, the proposed model had a good accuracy of predicting the bus arrival time at the bus stops in terms of statistical measurements (e.g., root mean square error). Overall, the empirical results were very encouraging: the model maintains a prediction job during the morning and evening peak periods and delivers excellent results for the severely congested roadways that are of the most practical interest.