• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.446-452
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• 2020

As the use of children's school buses increases, accidents caused by the negligence of school bus drivers and ride carers have also increased significantly. To prevent such accidents, the government is coming up with various policies. We propose an accident prevention and safety management system for children's school buses. Through this system, bus drivers can easily check whether each child is seated and whether the seat belt is used, so it is possible to quickly respond to children's conditions while driving. With the ability to recognize faces by analyzing camera images, children can use a seat belt that is automatically adjusted to their height. It is therefore possible to prevent secondary injuries that may occur in the event of a traffic accident. In addition, a sleeping child-check system is provided to confirm that all children get off the bus, and a text service is provided to inform parents of their children's locations in real time. Based on Raspberry Pi, the system is implemented with cameras, pressure sensors, motors, Bluetooth modules, and so on. This proposed system was attached to a bus model to confirm that the series of functions work correctly.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.1-8
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• 2008

Seoul metropolitan government has introduced Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) systems in some major urban corridors on July 1st, 2004, and has reported that it was successful on the ground that bus speed has been increased in the corridors with BRT system and that it has also resulted in the increase of bus patrons. However, there comes a negative claim that BRT has increased the number of fatalities in the same corridors. This study first aims at developing safety evaluation indicators of pedestrian crossings, then compares values of those indicators from pedestrian crossings with and without BRT systems. The safety evaluation indicators of pedestrian crossing are developed as: the number (or ratio) of conflicts between pedestrians and vehicles, the number (or ratio) of vehicles violating pedestrian signals, the number (or ratio) of pedestrians remaining crossings at red signals, and the number (ratio) of pedestrians walking beyond crossing areas. When we compare values of these indicators for both pedestrian crossings with and without BRT system, it has turned out that crossings with BRT systems has more number of conflicts than the crossings without BRT systems, but it cannot be said that the ratio of conflicts will be different between two crossing types. It means that the number of conflict will increase as the number of pedestrians and vehicles in the crossings. When we note that BRT system intrinsically attract more number of pedestrians who get-in or get-off bus stops, we cannot said that BRT system will be safer for pedestrians.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.208-222
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• 2023

With the recent revision of 「Act on Promotion of the Transportation Convenience of Mobility Disadvantaged Persons」 and the Enforcement Regulations of the Act, bus business operators must introduce low-floor buses when scrapping buses. On the other hand, in the case of routes where low-floor buses cannot be operated, bus business operators can be exempted from introducing low-floor buses with the approval of their transportation administrative agency according to Article 4-2 of 「Enforcement Regulation of the Act on Promotion of the Transportation Convenience of Mobility Disadvantaged Persons」. According to the data from the Korea Bus Transportation Associations Federation, approximately 5.9% of all city bus routes were surveyed as the exceptions to introducing low-floor buses. Nevertheless the proportion is expected to increase because some regions with difficulties introducing low-floor buses are not included when calculating the proportion. By confirming the process of approving exceptions for introducing low-floor buses through local governments, there was no specific examination method or standard for approval of exceptions. Hence, there is the problem that some routes are approved as exceptions to introducing low-floor buses, even though low-floor buses can be operated on those routes. Therefore, this study aims to develop a manual that can objectively diagnose the overall operation environment of low-floor buses, such as road geometry and road facilities. Future research plans to apply it to more cases and improve it for more precise application in various contexts.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.80-89
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• 2016

The median exclusive bus lanes with the purpose of improving public transport as part of a public transport promoting policy propel to improves the speed of the bus and guarantee punctuality security of public transportation for citizen satisfaction. In Median Exclusive bus lanes, Intersection operational methods are classified as turn prohibition, left turn, left turn U-Turn after turn prohibition. However, there are not clear criteria for applying for turn left U-Turn and related researches. The purpose of this study is to search a method for more safely operation when we operate turn left U-Turn in median exclusive bus lanes intersection. As a result, Bus stop in median exclusive bus lane should set back 12m for left turn, 17m for left turn U-turn during 60km/h and set back 13m for left turn, 17m for left turn U-turn during 50km/h.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.169-175
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• 2011

Objectives: The questionnaire of occupational stress index (OSI) has been popular in the workplace, and it has been tailored for bus drivers in Taiwan. Nevertheless, its outcomes for participants are based on self-evaluations, thus validation by their physiological stress biomarker is warranted and this is the main goal of this study. Methods: A cross-sectional study of sixty-three city bus drivers and fifty-four supporting staffs for comparison was conducted. Questionnaire surveys, 24-hour urine cortisol testing, and blood draws for dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S) testing were performed. The measured concentrations of these biological measures were logarithmically transformed before the statistical analysis where various scores of stressor factors, moderators, and stress effects of each OSI domain were analyzed by applying multiple linear regression models. Results: For drivers, the elevated 24-hour urine cortisol level was associated with a worker's relationship with their supervisor and any life change events in the most recent 3 months. The DHEA-S level was higher in drivers of younger age as well as drivers with more concerns relating to their salary and bonuses. Non-drivers showed no association between any stressor or satisfaction and urine cortisol and blood DHEA-S levels. Conclusion: Measurements of biomarkers may offer additional stress evaluations with OSI questionnaires for bus drivers. Increased DHEA-S and cortisol levels may result from stressors like income security. Prevention efforts towards occupational stress and life events and health promotional efforts for aged driver were important anti-stress remedies.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.187-193
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• 2002

Since the bus is regarded as the one of the most public transportation systems, research on the safety and facilities of the bus has been increased actively in recent years. In this paper, we concern the design of the bus door mechanism that is composed of many linkages and actuators(or motors). In particular, the folding door mechanism is representative system installed in most of urban buses. To design the folding door mechanism, we construct the kinematic and dynamic analysis model fur computer simulation. Also, the dynamic analysis is accomplished by both direct dynamics and inverse dynamics. Since the folding door mechanism has many design variables, the analysis program is developed to perceive kinematic and dynamic characteristics according to the design variables and simulation conditions.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.122-127
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• 2008

General bus stop is very simple and have some problem to protect the passengers and don't have any proper information messenger for the convenience of bus riding in spite of present initiative bus information system. However, this paper have introduced new conceptual modular-smart station avaliable to both public bus and bimodal tram. It can secure the passenger's safety from other danger attributes like running car or unexpected natural disaster and supply the passengers the variable information from display which is connected to the control center. Therefore, modular-smart station is both shelter and information messenger for passenger's safey and convenience.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.66 no.11
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• pp.1647-1650
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• 2017

Bus bars are used in place of cables because they can carry more electrical energy with the same volume of conductors. This paper deals with the electrical properties of ceramic coating material for busbars. A ceramic coated samples were prepared for the electrical properties test. There are two types of samples. One is a sample without degradation, and the other is a sample degraded for 30 days. Four electrical properties tests were carried out in accordance with domestic standards. Four electrical characteristics tests are AC dielectric breakdown, V-t, lighting impulse dielectric breakdown, and discharge arc. Both samples showed excellent electrical properties, and the ceramic coating material is very good insulating materials for bus bar.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.79-84
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• 2020

Cooler driver electronics (CDE) for maintaining low temperature of the satellite payload IR sensor consists of a compressor that has a pulsation current load condition when it is operated. This pulsation current produces large voltage fluctuation, which affects both load and regulated bus stability. Thus, CDE power conditioning system consists of a primary bus, infrared power distribution unit for battery charging and protection, reverse current protection diode, and battery, which is used as a buffer. In this study, the operational mode analysis is performed by each part with equivalent impedance modeling verified through system level simulation. From this mode analysis, the safety margin for state of charge and open circuit voltage of the battery is determined for satisfying the minimum operational voltage of the CDE load.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.1469-1472
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• 2019

CAN bus in automotive applications does not assign node addresses. When a node is hacked and it transmits malicious data frame, it is difficult to resolve which node is hacked. However, this CAN bus internal attack seriously threatens the safety of a car, so a prompt counterattack is necessary in the CAN bus physical layer. This paper proposes a counterattack method against malicious CAN bus internal attack. When a malicious data frame is detected, an intrusion detection system in the CAN bus increases the error counter of the malicious node. Then, the malicious node is off from the bus when its error counter exceeds its limit. A CAN controller with the proposed method is implemented in Verilog HDL, and the proposed method is proved to counterattack against malicious CAN bus internal attack.