• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2013

Predicting the fire resistance of structures has been significantly advanced by full scale fire tests in conjunction with improved understanding of compartmental fire. Despite the progress, application of insulation is still required to parts of structural steelwork to achieve over 60 minutes of fire rating. It is now recognised that uncertainties on insulation properties hinder adaptation of performance based designs for different types of structures. Intumescent coating has recently appeared to be one of most popular insulation types for steel structures, but its design method remains to be confirmed by empirical data, as technical difficulties on the determination of the material properties at elevated temperatures exist. These need to take into account of further physiochemical transitions such as moving boundary and endothermic reaction. The impetus for this research is to investigate the applicability of the conventional differential equation solution which examines the temperature rise on coated steel members by an inorganic intumescent coating, provided that the temperature-dependent thermal/mechanical insulation properties are experimentally defined in lab scale tests.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 심포지엄 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.188-190
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• 2005

In this study, a smart motor control and monitoring system is developed with an embedded board where Intel PXA255B CPU is mounted. Linux is ported into the embedded board as RTOS(Real Time Operating System), and the environment which communicate with a motor driver through serial protocol and is capable of controlling and monitoring the motor in real time is built in the system. A user friendly GUI is developed for the convenient operation of the system. Also, the environment which is able to control and monitor the motor driver remotely is built in the system using TCP/IP protocol.

• 교육녹색환경연구
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2012

Establishing public kindergarten is very important in social welfare aspects. So far almost public kindergarten were built up as attached style in primary school. More independent style kindergarten is being requested for small land area, shorter commuting distance. But the standard design guideline of the independent public kindergarten is insufficient. The purpose of this study is to examine the architectural Planning direction for the standard design guideline of the independent public kindergarten. A result of this study can be suggested what kind of architectural Planning direction of independent public kindergarten is needed more acutely.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.44-49
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• 2017

In the modern technology era, it is possible to connect objects and the internet anytime and anywhere through IoT of hyper-connected society. Accordingly, a smart shopping cart was designed and realized by applying IoT. Therefore, this paper builds the IoT shopping cart system according to the trend of IoT environment.. When RFID is installed in the Arduino and the tagged item is inserted into the IoT shopping cart, the product information and price are displayed on the Arduino linked Raspberry Pi. We built a web server on the Raspberry Pi to handle this data, and built an App on the smartphone to implement the IoT shopping cart environment. Consumers can receive pricing and product information through smartphone apps through raspberry pie, can make quick calculations through smartphone, and provide various information to consumers through apps.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2004

There is something valuable in Korean traditional architecture that does not change even after more than a number of years. Each design element of traditional houses has its own role to embody natural, healthy, and environment-friendly architectural planning. With traditional already-built examples located in the northern area of Gyeongbuk province, this study attempts to untangle some of the daylighting control issues in opening design. By looking at more than just photometric materials, at some threshold level, the whole of daylighting control characteristics of their openings is being surveyed from the viewpoint of geometric relationship between their roof structures and windows. As a glazing material, in addition, Korean traditional window covering paper, Changhoji, is evaluated for its transmittal performance under artificial and real skies as well.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제75권5호
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• pp.607-620
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• 2020

A numerical study is carried out to assess the dynamic response and damage level of one- and two-way reinforced concrete (RC) panels subjected to explosive loads by using finite element LS-DYNA software. The precision of the numerical models is validated with the previous experimental test. The calibrated models are used to conduct a series of parametric studies to evaluate the effects of panel wall dimensions, concrete strength, and steel reinforcement ratio on the blast-resistant capacity of the panel under various magnitudes of blast load. The results are used to develop pressure-impulse (P-I) diagrams corresponding to the damage levels defined according to UFC-3-340-02 manual. Empirical equations are proposed to easily construct the P-I diagrams of RC panels that can be efficiently used to assess its safety level against blast loads.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.151-159
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• 2017

The action of rainwater on reinforced concrete walls has led to an erosion phenomenon. The erosion is very apparent when the walls are inclined. This phenomenon is studied on a real site characterized by different architectural forms. The site dates back to the seventies; it was designed by the architect, modeler of concrete, Oscar Nie Meyer. On this site, the erosion has damaged the cover of the reinforcements and reduced its depth. In this research work, a method of quantification of the erosion is developed. Using this method, the amount of mass loss by erosion was measured on imprints taken from the site. The results are expressed by the rate of mass loss by erosion; they are associated to the height and the inclination of the walls. Moreover, laboratory analysis was carried out on samples taken from the site. From this study, it is recommended to consider the erosion, in any building code, to determine the cover thickness.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.273-278
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• 2014

Green roof's performance in reducing stormwater runoff has been reported by numerous studies. Nonetheless, the roles of low growing vegetation in influencing stormwater runoff reduction on green roofs have been greatly overlooked. This paper describes an experiment investigating the influence of low growing vegetation in the reduction of tropical stormwater runoff on extensive green roofs. Three types of locally occurring native vegetation and one non-native Sedum species were selected (fern, herb, grass and succulent) for the experiment. Stormwater runoff reduction performance from different low growing species was done by measuring excess water runoff from the simulated green roof modules. The results show significant differences in stormwater runoff reduction from different types of vegetation. Fern was the most effective in reducing stormwater runoff, followed by herb, Sedum and grass. Vegetative characters that are found to attribute towards the performance of stormwater runoff are rooting density, structure, density, leaf type, and vegetation biomass.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.333-350
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• 2013

This paper deals with the development of expressions relating structural seismic response parameters to the epicentral distances of an earthquake and the natural period of several reinforced concrete buildings (6, 9 and 12 storey), with three floor plans: symmetric, monosymmetric, and unsymmetric. These structures are subjected to seismic spectrum of accelerations collected during the Boumerdes earthquake (Algeria, May $21^{st}$, 2003, Mw=6.8) at different epicentral distances. The objective of this study is to develop relations between structural responses namely: base shear, storey displacements, interstory drifts and epicentral distance and fundamental period for a given earthquake. The seismic response of the buildings is carried out in both longitudinal transverse and directions by the response spectrum method (modal spectral approach).

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2021

With the rapid urbanization and growing energy use intensity in the built environment, the glazed curtainwall has become ever more important in the architectural practice and environmental stewardship. Besides its energy efficiency roles, window has been an important transparent component for daylight penetration and a view-out for occupant satisfaction. In response to the climate crisis caused by the built environment, this research focuses on the study of net-zero energy retrofitting by using a new building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) curtainwall as a sustainable alternative to conventional window systems. Design variables such as building orientations, climate zones, energy attributes of BIPV curtainwalls, and glazed area were studied, to minimize energy consumption and discomfort hours for three cities representing hot (Miami, FL), mixed (Charlotte, NC), and cold (Minneapolis, MN). Parametric analysis and Pareto solutions are presented to provide a comprehensive explanation of the correlation between design variables and performance objectives for net-zero energy retrofitting applications.