• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.108-115
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• 2010

Global warming and heat island make the outdoor air temperature ascend. Tall office buildings are covered with glass window facades as a design aspect and the portion of window area to facade area is increasing. Hence, cooling load for solar radiation passing through glass window is rising. Cooling air to a certain room is supplied equally despite the face of the room in most office buildings. Especially, the west part of the office cannot maintain the required temperature that occupant needs because of the solar heat coming through windows.?In this study, we projected the water spray system to reduce the solar heat transfer and to reflect the solar ray through windows. We perform the experiments to evaluate the performance of the solar heat protection devices. We measured the room temperature of two separated office rooms for solar heat control devices. The investigation's results show that the water spray system is sufficient to the coated glass and the venetian blinds for the decrease of the solar heat inflow.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.107-117
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• 2011

This paper aims to analyze architectural planning factors that could contribute to reductions in electricity consumption in the household of apartments, to apply energy saving methods at the design phase. These six architectural planning factors were orientation, building type (flat, tower block), standard floor access type (corridor access type, stair case type, EV hall access type), household location (floor), household opening type (one side opening, right angle opening, two sides opening or three sides opening), and bay on the facade (one bay, two bays, three bays, four bays), and these were derived from literature review. Household electricity consumption data were gathered from 2168 households with a total area of 135~150$m^2$ of 6 apartment complexes over 1000 households in Seoul. The annual characteristics of electricity consumption according to architectural planning factors were analyzed. And, variances between groups with respect to the mean of summer, winter, and annual electricity consumption according to each architectural planning factors were analyzed using ANOVA and t-test. The results showed that an annual electric energy saving of over 1000kWh was facilitated by these planning factors. In addition, high energy efficiency architectural planning factors based on the analysis were as follows: southwest orientation, flat type, corridor access type and staircase type, household loation below the 20th floor, two sides opening and three sides opening, and 2 bays and 3 bays.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.47-56
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• 2002

The office is an excellent candidate for implementing daylighting techniques because of the relatively high electric lighting power densities and long daytime use pattern. The quantity of light available for a space can be translated in term of the amount of energy savings through a process of a building energy simulation. To get significant energy savings in general illumination, the electric lighting system must be incorporated with a daylight - activated dimmer control. A prototype configuration of an office interior has been established and the integration between the building envelope and lighting and HVAC systems is evaluated based on computer modeling of a lighting control facility. First of all, an energy-efficient luminaire system is designed for both a totally open-plan office interior and a partitioned office. A lighting design and analysis program, Lumen-Micro 2000 predicts the optimal layout of a conventional fluorescent lighting fixture to meet the designed lighting level and calculates unit power density, which translates the demanded amount of electric lighting energy. A dimming control system integrated with the contribution of daylighting has been applied to the operating of the artificial lighting. Annual cooling load due to lighting and the projecting saving amount of cooling load due to daylighting under overcast diffuse sky are evaluated by a computer software, ENER-Win. In brief, the results from building energy simulation with measured daylight illumination levels and the performance of lighting control system indicate that daylighting can save over 70 percent of the required energy for general illumination in the perimeter zones through the year. A 25 % of electric energy for cooling may be saved by dimming and turning off the luminaires in the perimeter zones.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.233-240
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• 2013

The building construction sector has been blamed as the main culprit of environmental contamination worldwide. So, there shall be some constructive alternatives in architectural engineering. As one of the alternatives, the LEED ("Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design") has been introduced since 1990s and has been well recognized in saving the resources and energy. "LEED" has also been introduced in Korea since 2002 but it has not put priority on the eco-friendliness of indoor space. In this study, the international and domestic green systems were analyzed and compared in order to restructure the checklist for indoor space. Using the restructured checklists, the questionnaire were sent to 180 people using 6 office buildings which passed the domestic "LEED" certification. LEED certification system put priority on the air quality and heating/cooling environment in its evaluation section and items. However, according to the results of the study, it was found that the people using the buildings were not satisfied enough with the air environment of buildings along with their other indoor environment items. This shows that even though the office buildings are designed according to the requirements of LEED, the buildings do not meet the occupier's needs. In addition, it showed that the evaluation items should be improved so that they are useful to enhance the satisfaction of the occupiers' needs. The paper could be useful in establishing standard for eco friendliness of indoor space of office buildings which pass the LEED certification as the basic data for increasing energy efficiency and working efficiency of occupiers of the buildings.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2014

The Green growth has been demanded in all industrial sectors due to environmental destruction and exhaustion of natural resources. Buildings have consumed 1/3 of the total energy and 40% of natural resources and have accounted for 50% of $CO_2$ emissions and 30-50% of waste materials. In 1991, BREEAM(Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method) of the British BRE(Building Research Establishment) had begun reduction of $CO_2$ emissions and energy saving movements, in which all the countries around the world have participated. The Republic of Korea has taken part in this trend by declaring a "National Vision in the Green Growth" in 2008 and implementing regulations on "Low Carbon, Green Growth" in 2010. G-SEED(Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design) based on GBCS(Green Building Certification System) has been actively promoted for its application. This study has limited its scope to G-SEED office buildings. It has conducted surveys of problems and assessment items of the G-SEED identified in the preceding study by the AHP(Analytic hierarchy process) method. The purpose of this study is to conduct a comparison analysis of problems and ranking of evaluation items recognized in the survey and to be presented as reference materials for G-SEED system improvements at its next amendments.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.625-632
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• 2018

본 연구는 최근 자원고갈 문제에 따른 에너지 절감을 바탕으로 총 에너지 수요에서 높은 비중을 차지하고 있는 건축물 에너지의 수요 감축에 목적을 두었고 국내에서 에너지절약형 건축물 설계를 위해 고시한 단열기준을 보다 효과적으로 조정하기 위한 보완점을 제시하고 에너지절약형 고단열, 고기밀 건축물의 쾌적성 유지의 한계점을 추가 보완하고자 야간외기 환기시스템을 도입하며 종합하여 최종 저에너지건축물 설계모델을 제시하였다. 먼저, 단열성능의 효과적 조정 모델은 건축물의 각 경사면별로 다르게 조정하여 각각의 수요 민감도를 충분히 고려할 수 있는 방법을 제시하고, 야간외기 도입 모델의 경우 건축물의 에너지 성능을 최대로 할 수 있는 모델을 선정하였다. 두 가지 모델을 결합한 최종 저에너지건축물 모델은 결과적으로 대상 건축물의 남, 북의 경사면 단열을 강화한 모델과 야간외기를 통한 환기 시스템을 단시간 운전한 모델이었으며 국내 단열기준에 의거한 Base 모델과 비교할 때 약 6~7%의 절감효과를 보였다. 따라서, 본 연구에서 제시하는 효과적 단열조정법과 야간외기 도입은 저에너지건축물 모델 설계에 있어 수요 민감도 분석 선행의 필요성을 환기시키는 점에서 시사점이 높고 대상 건축물의 건물에너지 수요를 저감할 수 있는 설계모델로 활용도가 높을 것이다.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2013

The effect of climate change has influenced humanity and ecosystem with tremendous changes in temperature. For the past 150 years, the national annual average temperature is 0.6 degree increased and the heating degree day reduced from April to November. However, December to January, the climate change was generated and the heating degree day increased. The blackout occured in 2011 and 2012 by increasing electricity consumption of heating and cooling equipment to the effects of climate change. That is because heating load accounted for 20% of building electric use. In this study, strengthening measures to reduce heating energy consumption is presented due to climate change in winter since 1980 to prevent blackout and reliable power supply for the building energy-saving design standards by Meteorological data provided by the National Weather Service were calculated using the heating degree days in order to present eighteen cities from 1980 to 2012. Insulation standards are presented to prevent black-out by the heating degree days. the heating energy demand was reduced almost 6% including 10% in Central, 5% in South and Jeju area based on strengthening of the insulation. It is applied to the entire country an annual economic effect of 250 billion won, and black-out can be prevented.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.407-415
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• 2013

2002년에 친환경건축물인증제도가 시행된 이후 많은 인증 수행에도 불구하고 이 제도의 효과분석이나 개선방안 노력이 저조하다. 특히 인증제도에서 에너지성능은 에너지절약설계기준에 있는 에너지성능지표(EPI)로 평가되지만 지금까지 지표에 대한 현황분석이 미비하여 개선에 어려움이 있다. 본 연구에서는 친환경 공동주택 인증단지를 대상으로 에너지성능지표간의 상관관계를 살펴보고 에너지성능지표의 각 부문별 에너지 기본 배점에 따른 점수 현황을 분석하여 지표 개선을 도모하였다. 친환경 공동주택 인증단지의 EPI 평균득점은 약 74.68점, 최소 63.40점, 최대 90점으로 편차가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 또한 인증지표 중에서 최고의 배점으로 편성된 에너지소비량의 경우, 최대 12점 배점에서 평균 7.04점으로 평균 수준에 머물고 있었다. 향후 에너지소비량 인증지표에서 등급구간의 강화 또는 산출식의 조정 등의 지표 개선이 필요하였다.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.247-256
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• 2014

The regulations to reduce energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission in building sectors are being developed and promoted all over the world. However, in Korea, as balcony extension of the apartments has been legally allowed, it became prevalent and resulted in excessive energy consumption. This study derived the possibility of PCM application to the thermal storage wall system through theoretical consideration and investigated the problems occurring when the balcony space has been extended to the diverted space. In addition, this study aims at the possibility of verifying the installation and confirming the cooling energy reduction effect, by conducting measuring tests with the actual installation of PCM applied thermal storage wall system. As a result of theoretical consideration, it is determined that the disadvantages with the existing thermal storage wall system can be complemented by applying PCM, and this study suggests the PCM applied Thermal Storage Wall System. The study was conducted on 1/6 of a miniature inner room of a domestic apartment with 84 $m^2$ of exclusive area. From the results of actual measurements, it is confirmed that the balcony extension structure can gain 11.3% of more calories than the existing balcony structure, resulting in the increase in cooling energy usage. It is determined that the installation of the PCM applied Thermal Storage Wall System may gain 25.2% of less calories to reduce cooling energy usage.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2001

설계초기단계에서 고효율 조명기기의 채택을 원활하게 해주고, 동시에 LLF값을 산정 해줌으로써 건물설계에 적용되는 조명에너지를 절감해주기 위해서는 조명 설계 기법의 개선과 조명 설계 과정의 표준화가 필요하다. 이를 바탕으로 구역공간법(ZCM: Zonal Cavity Method)을 이용한 평균조도 계산용 소프트웨어를 개발하였다.