• 설비공학논문집
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.101-110
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• 2004

This paper presents an analysis of heating energy for apartment houses in a Korean-style apartment building, paying special attention on the effect of their location. Six representative locations encompass three floors and two placements on each floor. Two different roof types are also considered. In order to incorporate actual tenant's refit, a five-zone model composed of one conditioned and four unconditioned spaces is developed. TRNSYS 15 is adopted to estimate heating energy. The predicted results show fairly good agreements with the available measured data, validating the present model. Heating energy needed for an apartment located at the uppermost and lowermost floors is far greater compared with the case of intermediate floors. In addition, an appreciable difference is found between apartment with and without side end wall. Insulation thickness of walls, floors and underground structure appears to be a dominant factor affecting heating energy, which leads to needs of revision of the related regulation. Ridged-roofs instead of flat-roofs are highly recommended in apartment buildings for effective energy saving. It is finally concluded that the location-dependent, severe imbalance in heating energy should be improved and/or reflected in the policy making process and design standards.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.396-402
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• 2009

Recently many efforts have been carried out on the development of energy-efficient and environment-friendly systems in order to preserve natural environment and to reduce environmental loads in the branch of the urban planning and the building design. In this study, a mathematical method was developed and a numerical analysis was carried out with various parameters to provide substantial data for optimal design and operation of urban energy supply systems. Components of the system and their specifications, such as a co-generation system and other heating and cooling systems, could be obtained through this analysis for various resource and energy requirements in urban area. In this study, the system constituents and operating characteristics, and their economic performances such as the value of objective function, the amount of energy consumption were discussed for various load patterns and power load ratios. Also, it turns out that the optimal energy supply system can save energy by $10{\sim}20%$ in comparison with the conventional energy supply system.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2009

In modern architecture, the air-tight construction aimed at saving the energy rather causes ventilation problems and the artificial materials for cost reduction worsen the residential quality. To deal with such negative effect, the study on evaluating the health performance becomes increasingly critical. Among the various factors such as design quality, selected material, construction method and mechanical system that shall be subject to evaluation to identify the health performance of the building, the study was aimed at investigating the legal standards associated with healthy building in various countries. Such evaluation items will provide inputs for an attempt to build legal criteria for a building health performance rating system in Korea.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2017

Purpose: Various studies to solve the problem of increased energy consumption in the buildings are being carried out recently. Especially, the economic feasibility and insulation performance of the air-cap have been verified so that various studies regarding the reduction of building energy consumption have been carried out. However, previous studies regarding the air-cap were only carried out based on the verification of its insulation performance according to the size and attachment position of the air-cap. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to suggest a detachable air-cap module for improving the performance of the windows, evaluate the performance based on cooling, heating and light environments and verify its effectiveness through a real-scale testbed. Method: In this study, the energy saving performance in the circumstance where there is no attachment of an air-cap (Case 1), the circumstance where there is the attachment of air-cap on the glass surface of window (Case 2) and the circumstance where there is the attachment of an air-cap on the window frame (Case 3) were compared in order to verify the performance of the detachable air-cap module (Case 4), and the electricity consumption of cooling, heating and lighting equipment to maintain the appropriate indoor temperature and Illuminance for each case was calculated and utilized as indicators for the performance evaluation. Result: The result of this study is as follows. 1) In this study, the detachable air-cap module which was easily detachable through the principle of the magnet was suggested. 2) When Case 4 is applied, the electricity consumption of cooling and heating equipment can be reduced by 27.5%, 13.2% and 3.4% in comparison with Case 1, Case 2 and Case 3 respectively. 3) When the air-cap is applied to the window, the lighting energy consumption increases by 4 % in comparison to the non application of the air-cap, and this factor or aspect should be considered when applying the air-cap. 4) According to the performance evaluation result in consideration of cooling, heating and light environments, Case 4 demonstrates an energy saving ratio of 22.6%, 10.6% and 2.7% in comparison to Case 1, Case 2 and Case 3 respectively, indicating that it is effective for improving the performance of windows.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.3-12
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to analyze the sustainable characteristics of London city hall designed by Norman Foster. The most important part of sustainable architecture might be the energy reduction including minimizing CO$_2$ emission but social and economical aspects of sustainability should not be neglected. London City Hall as a successful example of sustainable architecture depends its success on the harmony of social, environmental and economical aspects of sustainability. Social sustainability in London City Hall appears on appropriateness and public good in the facility. London City Hall act as a symbol of redevelopment and civic community. Environmental sustainability of London City Hall summarized as using unique building form, double skin and underground water cooling system for the purpose of energy saving. Computer modeling technology was introduced to save construction cost for economic aspect of sustainability. Rational configuration of mechanical system strengthen the durability of facility. In case of London City Hall, the function of building, site condition and architectural concept fulfill the every aspects of sustainability in architecture. Besides these conditions, Foster applied sustainability to London City Hall as active and concrete design concept to complete its design goals.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.177-184
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• 2000

In this paper, a HVAC controller which has a bilinear system is designed to control the air temperature in building room and a saving of energy on the HVAC system. For modeling of the HVAC bilinear system, AHU(Air Handling Unit) is modeled on the control of inside-outside air flow using three dampers in a duct. A heat exchanger and the single room are also modeled by the energy conservation law. Under the modeling of the HVAC bilinear system, the control's law of the bilinear HVAC system is derived by Lyapunov's non-linear theory and Deress's the linear feedback laws for bilinear system. In this paper it was proved that the controller of the HVAC bilinear system is able to control the air temperature with a disturbance in order to get a target of temperature in the building room by the computer simulation when the control inputs regulate the air flow rate and a capacity of the heat exchanger.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2006년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.399-404
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• 2006

Heating and cooling load of ventilation is a very important part of building energy saving. Improving ventilation effectiveness can save building energy consume and supply fresh air to indoor efficiently. So this study measured mulity-zone aiflow and ventilation effectiveness according to ventilation types. Result of measurement show that ventilation effectiveness is depends on ventilation system design rather than ventilation types.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2012

The aim of this study is to evaluate current policies and suggest the way of overcome financial impediments to the energy efficiency function of residential buildings. Based on this analysis the paper enumerates policy recommendations for enhancing how energy efficiency is addressed in building codes and other policies for residential buildings. For achieving this goal, this study conducts the cost-benefit analysis to measure total energy savings and associated total cost. The results of study shows that the cost is greater than the benefit from 1st to 4th year but the benefit will be greater than the cost for the rest of the year. In addition, this study designs a financial support method and an implementation mechanism. Investment from the capital market will take place with the government's interest subsidy. Home retrofit will be undertaken with low interest rate with 2.5% and the return will be paid by a monthly energy bill. The results of this study provides some useful insights for the policy design, including the importance of developing information tools for providing appropriate information to households.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.346-351
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• 2003

This paper aims at suggesting design guidelines for a perimeter-less HVAC system that contributes energy savings. Perimeter-less HVAC system is one that relieves difficulties fuck as handling mixing loss, uneven radiative environment, and maintenance and repair. It prevents heat load gained through window and outdoor wall without modifying a previously equipped building skin system. In this paper, we performed several kinds of CFD (computational fluid dynamics) cases through numerical simulation to obtain an optimized perimeter-less design, and then we conducted a large-scale model experiment to see how the push-pull air flow would handle indoor heat to obtain an optimized perimeter-less design.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제24권10호
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• pp.733-738
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• 2012

It is important issue to reduce the electric energy to save the operating cost of HVAC system. Even if electrical energy is the clean energy, it is difficult and takes high cost for storage of electricity. These cause the high peak load of electric energy for HVAC in summer season. In korea, government impose the electric charge with several grade for the purpose of cut-off the peak load of electricity. Government has a policy to support to design and install the heat/ice storage system using midnight electricity. In this study, analysis of cooling load and operating characteristics for ice storage system are performed. And, also economical efficiency is compared between ordinary charge system of electricity and midnight rate charge of electricity. The systematic and economical supports are needed for expansion of usage of energy saving equipments.