• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
• /
• v.16 no.6
• /
• pp.608-613
• /
• 2004

Artificial lighting accounts for a significant portion of the energy use in office buildings. Therefore, daylighting is considered one of the fundamental design features of energy-efficient buildings. However, complex daylighting simulation tools are not suitable for most designers to help in the decision-making process. This paper provides the results of a simulation analysis to determine the potential energy savings of daylighting effects reducing electrical energy consumption for office building. A whole building simulation tool is used to determine the effects of daylighting on lighting electricity use as well as total electricity use for typical office buildings. It was determined that daylighting does not provide significant additional lighting energy savings when glass transmittance is increased over 0.7 A simplified method is developed based on the analysis results to estimate the annual electrical energy savings attributed to daylighting.

• Wind and Structures
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.489-497
• /
• 2019

Wind-adaptable design (WAD) provides a new method for super-tall buildings to lessen design conflicts between architectural prerequisites and aerodynamic requirements, and to increase the efficiency of structural system. Compared to conventional wind-resistant design approach, the proposed new method is to design a building in two consecutive stages: a stage in normal winds and a stage during extreme winds. In majority of time, the required structural capacity is primarily for normal wind effects. During extreme wind storms, the building's capacity to wind loads is reinforced by on-demand operable flow control measures/devices to effectively reduce the loads. A general procedure for using WAD is provided, followed by an exploratory case study to demonstrate the application of WAD.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
• /
• 2014.11a
• /
• pp.7-8
• /
• 2014

Latex-modified concrete using ready mix concrete (R-LMC) was developed for application of building construction project (specifically, the rooftop of a parking garage unable to use heavy equipments for bridge deck overlay) due to three major outstanding properties of R-LMC; bond strength, resistance of cracks at early age, and resistance of freezing and thawing. However, R-LMC at the placement stage is required to be sufficiently cured because R-LMC is very sensitive to rate of evaporation of surface moisture. This study focused on effects of different curing methods and climate condition on cracks on the surface of hardened R-LMC considering the chart of rate of evaporation of surface moisture from concrete provided by American Concrete Institute in manual for placement of latex modified concrete.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.91-96
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study is to measure the environmental effects of different alternative building materials. The following building materials were tested: clay bricks, cement wall, and red-clay plaster. Four mock-up models were constructed using clay bricks, cement wall, red-clay plaster and the last model as the control model. The effects of the above four building materials on temperature, humidity, the emissions of formaldehyde, and V.O.C were measured. This experiment was conducted during September. The conclusions are as follows. Clay bricks were able to control temperature, humidity and filter formaldehyde by itself. The environment within the cement wall was not affected by the humidity changes outside. Red-clay plaster walls had little impact on the environment because it is very thin.!

• Wind and Structures
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.77-109
• /
• 1998

An evaluation and comparison of seven of the world's major building codes and standards is conducted in this study, with specific discussion of their estimations of the alongwind, acrosswind, and torsional response, where applicable, for a given building. The codes and standards highlighted by this study are those of the United States, Japan, Australia, the United Kingdom, Canada, China and Europe. In addition, the responses predicted by using the measured power spectra of the alongwind, acrosswind and torsional responses for several building shapes tested in a wind tunnel are presented and a comparison between the response predicted by wind tunnel data and that estimated by some of the standards is conducted. This study serves not only as a comparison of the response estimates by international codes and standards, but also introduces a new set of wind tunnel data for validation of wind tunnel-based empirical expressions.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.46 no.4
• /
• pp.505-518
• /
• 2013

In this study, the seismic performance of a residential building which was damaged in the 1992 Erzincan (Turkey) Earthquake (Ms = 6.8) is performed. Damages on columns due to short columns are estimated analytically implementing the shear hinges and results are compared with the observed damages on the building after the earthquake. In seismic performance evaluation, a deformation based approach is adopted, whereby the structural behavior under external and seismic loads is evaluated. Furthermore, the effects of short columns formed by band windows in basement floors are investigated analytically. The sizes of band windows are parametrically changed in order to understand the effects of short columns on overall building behavior.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.10 no.5
• /
• pp.479-489
• /
• 2000

Based on the stiffness equation of the tapered beam element involving the effects of axial force and shear deformation, numerical investigations are carried out on elastic instability for web-linearly tapered columns with I-section of steel portal frames. Effects of shear deformation on the effective length of the tapered columns with I-section are studied. An efficient approach for determining the effective length of the tapered portal frame columns considering effects of shear deformation is proposed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
• /
• 2005.11a
• /
• pp.173-178
• /
• 2005

Outdoor lighting is an important factor of the urban scape. As a night image of the city, outdoor lighting acts important roles. Cities of developed countries have already had there own night images. Regarding this, government encourages outdoor lighting of building by various ways to building owners. However, in present, owners of private buildings have not been up and coming about outdoor lighting more than those of public buildings in our country. From this point of view, this paper suggests a quantification method for economic effects of outdoor lighting and analyzes economic effects of outdoor lighting in advertising. A suggested measurement method of economic effects is difficult to measure all economic effects of outdoor lighting. Therefore, this measurement method limits the target to the private buildings.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
• /
• v.36 no.4
• /
• pp.143-152
• /
• 2020

This study analyzes in detail greenhouse gas emissions in building sector. To this end, this study used data on building characteristics (including building type, region, and construction year) and monthly energy consumptions (including electricity, city gas, and district heat) for all buildings from 2015 to 2018. These data were collected from the National Building Energy Database and the energy consumptions were converted into greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The total amount of GHG emissions from the building sector has increased steadily from 2015 (118.1MtCO2eq.) to 2018 (132.6MtCO2eq.). On the other hand, the more recently constructed buildings had lower GHG intensities. This result shows that strengthening building design criteria was effective on the reduction of GHG emissions in buildings, and that the increased buildings contributed to increasing GHG emissions of the building sector. In addition, sales facilities are thought to have the largest reduction potential as they had the highest amount of GHG emissions and GHG intensity. This study is expected to help establish new policies for GHG reduction in building sector as well as to evaluate the effects of existing policies.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
• /
• 2000.04b
• /
• pp.238-245
• /
• 2000

Separation strips are temporary joints to prevent crack due to stress induced by shrinkage. In this study, an analysis procedure considering separation strip is proposed to decide proper casting time of separation strip and cracking stresses of the example building slabs are calculated using this procedure. The result of the example high rise building shows that the percentage of cracking stress to the modulus of fracture is 43.4% when closing of separation strip are 30 days after placing the slab, so it is enough time for the separation strip in each floor to absorb the effects of shrinkage.