• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.364-372
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• 2016

This study was to evaluate the taste of the wine assessment gap analysis to compare the taste of the wine intended for college student wine consumers and wine experts. Research analysis was carried out frequency analysis to the strength of the wine taste a difference in the intensity of the consistency review and wine for the wine flavor between the two groups. According to result, red wine, bitter and salty taste was perceived higher. For white wines are perceived sweetness of wine was sour and higher consumer groups. Body was found that wine experts perceive higher. The Second difficulty is when college student wine consumers selected wine got another show to the lack of information, lack of expertise, price, taste, the combination of food. Another wine on difficult points during the wine expert wine recommendations wine selection, price, prejudices then guest it showed a preference and communication, considering that the customer's budget, customer preferences, taste and aroma, the combination of the food and the customer response was configured. Although the criteria have different tastes for wine through college student wine consumers if future studies presented by symbolic reference to the wine tasting, can be self-objectification of subjective criteria subjective wine experts are wine consumers to take advantage of these data.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.191-196
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• 2004

Allocative efficiency measures the extents to which the technically efficient units falls shorts of achieving minimal cost. By using this measure manager can make decision about how to redistribute organizational resources to improve price efficiency. Allocative and overall efficiency are derived on the basis of budget line and cost minimization concept. The purpose of this study is to introduce the concept of allocative efficiency and propose two modified DEA models. Examples are provided to illustrate the similarities and the application procedure of the two model. By providing example and tracing the data application procedure, we found the same results but some cautions are needed to interpret the valuation.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.45-56
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• 2002

The main purposes of this article are to introduce the theoretical backgrounds and empirical application methods of two different Models for the function of expenditure, and to compare the goodness-o(-fit of the two models: a single-equation model and a complete-system-of-demand-equation model. For the empirical analysis of the single-equation model, a linear formula and a double-leg formula were employed. In order to test the complete-system-of-demand-equation model empirically, the \"Linear Approximation/Almost Ideal Demand System (LA/AIDS)" was used. The independent variables were the total living expense and expenditure categories Price index. The data used in this study were obtained from the quarterly statistics of "The Annual Report on the Urban Family Income and Expenditure Survey (Dosigagyeyonbo)" and "The Annual Report on the Consumer Price Index (Sobijamulgajaryo)," for the years 1994 to 1997. The goodness-of-fit (R-square) was higher with the complete-system-of-demand-equation model than with the single-equation model for the budget share on food (excluding eating-out expenses) and for the share on cultural and recreational activities. However, there was no difference between the two models in terms of the proportion of the expenditure on automobile fuel.fuel.

• Journal of Information Management
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.69-91
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• 2010

Libraries are encountering hostile conditions around journal licensing such as limited budget, the high price of packages, and vendor-led negotiation. They need to collect and analyze usage data of electronic journals to develop electronic journal collection appropriate for their own circumstances. The purpose of this study is to suggest an practical guideline for librarians' analysis of electronic journal usage statistics. For this, the study reviewed related previous studies and examined current state on usage statistics provided from COUNTER release 3 compliant vendors. Finally this study proposed five core statistics including full-text article request per journal, journal using rate, price per full-text article request, most use group, and low use group, and further discussed how to use them effectively for the electronic journal management.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.224-239
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• 2016

This article aims to review the major problems of the present Korean management system of archaeology and to seek desirable suggestions in order to pursue the sustainable harmony between the recovery of academic excavations and economic development. In order to continue the sustainable harmony between preserving the values of archaeological resources as limited pure public goods and economic development, the present system of developer's payment for archaeology must be replaced by the introduction of the development fee for archaeology. The excavation of archaeological resources have been done according to the market principle, that is, the lower price principle. But the principle has produced a lot of serious problems in the Korean management system of archaeology, which must result in the market failure. So the governmental intervention is urgently required. By introducing the development fee, the archaeological field units and the developers can avoid direct contact. Instead, the Heritage Management Office will operate the excavation fund raised by the development fee for archaeology in order to avoid low-price contracts, degrading excavation quality, and other related residents' complaints and social conflicts in advance. In addition, the budget for purchasing the preserved excavation sites, which are the source of the landowners' enormous complaints, must be allocated to the Heritage Management Office by the Ministry of Planning and Finance. More budget for small-sized excavations must be allocated as well in order to solve many residents' complaints. These budget increase will be the fundamentals to decrease the residents' big complaints and social conflicts in relation with the archaeological management, which will be a challenge of the Korean government. Along with the governmental efforts, the archaeological field units must do their all-out efforts to overcome many problems in excavation including low-price contracts. Finally, the wage system and working status system must be revised. Excellent young excavators must be recruited appropriately and continue to work in a safe psychological condition, which are the basis to guarantee high-quality excavation.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.289-315
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• 2015

The Fixed book price policy, a portion of publication and printing promotion act applied from February 2003 in the South Korea, is a system of fixed book prices that administered by a government body. The publishing industries had been attempted to lower the discount rate and to extend the application scope. The amendment for the attempts was passed in April 2014, and implemented from November 2014. From the library point of view, this amendment caused a reduction of buying library materials. For this reason, the agenda about expansion of material budget in libraries has been recognized as the alternative. The purpose of this study is to analyze the stance and role of libraries as actors in the policy process. Based on this, this study also attempt to identify usefulness and improvement point of Policy Network Model. For this purpose, this study identifies actor's internal characteristics as an improvement point that previous studies did not identified.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.269-288
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• 2011

Acquisition processes in public libraries, especially as influenced by policies and regulations both in national and regional levels have not been in the main area of concerns in the research of library and information science. While the area of collection management has yet been one of the major issues in this filed, public library book-purchasing in the major factor to achieve effective library collections. This study concentrated on the policies and regulations that attempts to normalize and control the acquisition process in public libraries. This research analyzed and investigated (1) various policies and regulations regarding the library collection as public procurement, (2) legitimacy of decision between normal price procurement and discounted price contract under the current policy on normal retail price of books, (3) budget allocation, (4) policies on library acquisition processes. Suggestions are also added for the efficient collection building in public libraries.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2014.05a
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• pp.46-47
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• 2014

Recently, BAI(Board of Audit and Inspection of Korea) has recommended that "Result unit cost" of Korean government apply to national power plant construction project when plant owner corporations estimate budget price for tender. but nuclear industry have difficulties with this suggestion. the purpose of this study is to review the "Result unit cost" and problem with application of NPP construction cost estimating. And proposed the direction of application of "Result unit cost" to NPP construction cost estimating.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.35-45
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• 1991

This study was to calculate the minimum food expenditure by using OR linear program, and to determine the food plans for different income values based on the recommenced dietary allowances(RDA) for Koreans. VAX 11/780 system was used in this study. There were 6 family models-single man, single woman, married couple, couple with one child, couple with 2 children and couple with 2 children & grandmother. The market price quoted in this study was from July 1989 to June 1990 and the data file was made from RDA & food composition tables. After the minimum food expenditure was calculated from the computer, the low cost food plan was set. From the low cost food plan, we set the moderate cost food plan 25% above the low cost and the liberal food plan 50% above the low cost. One week menu was planned for different food plans. The low cost food plan could be used not only at the institutional levels and at home but also used at the national food policy making for scientific budget planning and for nutritionally well balanced diet. These food plans could control the use of time and efforts, too.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1999.11b
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• pp.334-336
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• 1999

Piping systems of the power generating stations have been generally protected by hydraulic and mechanical snubbers which can allow large displacements arising from temperature change while those can reduce or absorb stresses due to vibrations. However these snubbers require amounts of budget for maintenance or replacement because of the leakage, lubrication and finally short life cycle. Recently the snubbers consisted of wire rope have been proved to reduce vibrations of piping systems. While the wire rope snubbers are free of maintenance such as leakage and lubrication imported price are so high. Now it is necessary to design. manufacture and certificate these wire rope snubbers.