• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.198-209
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• 1979

Esherichia intermedia A-21의 균체(菌體)에서 얻은 ${\beta}-tyrosinase$의 ${\alpha},{\beta}$-탈리작용(脫離作用)의 역(逆)반응을 이용하여 L-tyrosine, 2-chloro-L-tyrosine, 2-bromo-L-tyrosine 및 2-iodo-L-tyrosine을 효소합성하고 그들의 원소분석(元素分析)과 NMR-spectrum, Mass-spectrum 및 IR-spectrum을 측정하여 그 구조해석(構造解析)을 하였다. 또한 ${\beta}-tyrosinase$에 의한 각(各) halogen화(化) tyrosine의 합성속도와 분해속도 그리고 halogen화(化) phenol의 ${\beta}-tyrosinase$에 대한 저해작용(阻害作用) 및 2-bromotyrosine의 합성에서 m-bromophenol의 경시적(經時的) 첨가효과 등을 검토하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) ${\beta}-tyrosinase$를 이용하여 pyruvin산(酸), $NH_3$ 그리고 m-chlorophenol, m-bromophenol 및 m-iodophenol 등을 기질로 한 각(各) halogen화(化) tyrosine의 효소합성에서 m-chlorophenol에서 2-chloro-tyrosine은 약 15%, m-bromophenol에서 2-bromotyrosine은 약 13.8% 그리고 m-iodophenol에서 2-iodotyrosine은 약 9.8%의 회수율(回收率)로 각각 얻어졌었다. 2) ${\beta}-tyrosinase$에 의한 tyrosine 및 halogen화(化) tyrosine의 합성에서 tyrosine의 합성속도를 100으로 하였을 때 2-chlorotyrosine은 28.2, 2-bromotyrosine은 8.13 그리고 2-iodotyrosine은 0.98의 상대속도를 보여 halogen화(化) tyrosine의 합성속도가 느렸다. 특히 Cl, Br, I의 순(順)으로 원자반경(原子半經)이 증가(增加)함에 따라서 halogen화(化) tyrosine의 합성속도가 저하(低下)되는 것이 인정(認定)되었다. 한편 3-iodotyrosine은 합성이 되지 않았다. 3) ${\beta}-tyrosinase$에 의한 tyrosine의 분해속도를 100으로 하였을 때 2-chlorotyrosine은 70.7, 2-bromotyrosine은 39.0, 2-iodotyrosine은 12.6의 상대적인 분해속도를 보였다. 즉 Cl, Br, I의 순(順)으로 원자반경(原子半經)이 크고 전기음성도(電氣陰性度)가 적어짐에 따라서 분해속도가 저하(低下)되는 것이 분명(分明)하였다 그리고 역시 3-iodotyrosine은 분해를 받지 않았다. 4) ${\beta}-tyrosinase$의 활성(活性)에 대하여 phenol은 현저한 조해작용(阻害作用)을 보였으며 o- 및 m-chlorophenol와 o-bromophenol의 조해(阻害)도 현저하였다. 반면 iodophenol의 조해(阻害)는 근소(僅少)하였으며 이들의 조해작용(阻害作用)을 Lineweaver-Burk plot법에 따라 측정한 결과 m-chlorophenol은 혼합형(混合型)의 조해작용(阻害作用)을 보였으며 그 Ki값은 $5.46{\times}10^{-4}M$이였다. 5) ${\beta}-tyrosinase$에 의한 2-bromotyrosine의 합성에서 기질인 m-bromophenol은 경시적(經時的)으로 소량(少量)씩 첨가하는 것이 효과적이었다. 6) ${\beta}-tyrosinase$를 이용하여 pyruvin산(酸), $NH_3$ 및 각(各) halogen화(化) phenol에서 합성한 2-halogen화(化) tyrosine들을 각각(各各) 원소분석(元素分析)하고 또한 NMR-spectrum, Mass-spectrum 그리고 IR-spectrum 등으로 측정하여 그들의 구조(構造)를 해석(解析)한 결과 각각(各各) 2-chloro-L-tyrosine, 2-bromo-L-tyrosine 및 2-iodo-L-tyrosine 임을 인정(認定)할 수 있었다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.257-261
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• 2005

Marine sponges are known to produce a number of cytotoxic secondary metabolites. In the course of searching for cytotoxic metabolites from marine organisms, we have evaluated cytotoxic activities of six marine secondary metabolites isolated from various sponges. The cytotoxic compounds 1-6 were isolated by the application of various chromatographic methods, including column chromatography and HPLC. The molecular structures were mostly determined using mass spectrometry (MS) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy. Furanosestererpenes (compounds 1-3) from Psammocinia sp., cyclitol derivatives (compounds 4 and 5) from Sarcotragus sp., and bromotyrosine-type compound (6) from an association of two sponges Jaspis wondoensis and Poecillastra wondoensis were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against three cancer cell lines; Hep G2, HeLa, and MCF-7. All tested compounds exhibited cyctoxicity at concentrations ranging from $5\;\mug/mL\;to\;25\;\mug/mL.$ Particularly, among the tested compounds, compound 6 showed the highest potency displaying at least $80\%$ of cytotoxicity at $5\;\mug/mL$ level against all three cancer cell lines.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.25-29
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• 1999

Psammaplin A, a natural bromotyrosine derivative from an associated form of two sponges (Poecillastra sp. and jaspis sp.) was found to possess the antimicrobial effect on the Gram-positive bacteria, especially on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The minimal inhibitory concentration of psammaplin A against twenty one MRSAs ranged from 0.781 to 6.25 ${\mu}g/ml$, which that of ciprofloxacin was 0.391~3.125${\mu}g/ml$. Psammaplin A could not bind to penicillin binding protein, but inhibited the DNA synthesis and the DNA gyrase activity with the respective 50% (DNA synthesis) and 100% (DNA gyrase) inhibitory concentration 2.83 and 100 ${\mu}g/ml$. These results indicate that psammaplin A has a considerable antibacterial activity, although restricted to a somewhat narrow range of bacteria, probably by inhibiting DNA gyrase.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2001년도 Proceedings of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea
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• pp.90-94
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• 2001

Wondonins A and B, aromatic alkaloids of an unprecedented skeletal class have been isolated form and association of the sponges Poecillastra wondoensis and Jaspis sp. In addition, four novel bromotyrosine-derived metabolites, psammaplins $A_1$ and $A_2$, aplysinellins A and B, have been isolated from the tropical sponge Aplysinella rhax. The structures of these compounds have been determined on the basis of combined chemical and spectral analyses. The new compounds exhibited significant cytotoxicity and antiangiogenic activity as well as inhibitory activities against farnesyl protein transferase and leucine aminopeptidase. In addition to these compounds, several bioactive metabolites have been isolated from sponges of Korean and tropical waters.