• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.43-57
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• 1994

두륜산 지역의 상록활엽수림은 개서어가무가 우점하는 조사구군, 개서어나무와 붉가시나무가 경쟁적 관계에 있는 조사구군, 붉가시나무가 우점하는 조사구군, 참식나무가 우점하는 조사구군으로 크게 대별되었다. 대부분의 상록수림대에서 우점종으로 나타난 붉가시나무는 굴참나무, 졸참나무에서 개서어나무를 거쳐 천이된 수종으로 판단되며, 참식나무로 천이될 것으로 추정된다. 개서어나무와 졸참나무는 붉가시나무, 동백나무, 참식나무 및 후박나무와 경쟁적 관계에 있다고 판단되며, 동백나무와 붉가시나무 그리고 참식나무와 육박나무는 각각 동일한 생태적 적소를 갖는다고 판단된다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.334-351
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• 1997

난대 상록활엽수림 복원 모형 연구의 사례지인 완도의 식생구조를 조사하였다. 완도의 사록활엽수림은 붉가시나무가 우점종이었으며, 수령 30여년 미만의 맹아림이 대부분이었다. 중복부와 산록부에는 조림식생과 낙엽활엽수림이, 능선부와 고지대에는 졸참나무, 개서어나무, 소사나무 등의 낙엽활엽수림이 발달하고 있었으며, 임상층에서 상록활엽수종이 활착하고 있었다. 47개 조사구에서 60% 이상의 상재도를 나타낸 상록활엽수종은 광나무, 마삭줄, 붉가시나무, 사스레피나무이었다. 본 조사지역 내에 출현한 관속식물상은 101과 321속 426종 56변종, 5품종 및 1교잡종 등 촌 488종류로 파악되었으며 이 중에서 상록성 수목은 23속 30종 2변종 등 32종류이었다. 12개 조사지역에서 100%의 상재도를 나타낸 종은 맥문동과 칡이었으며, 50% 이상인 종은 덜꿩나무, 마삭줄 등 40종류이었다. 한편 상재도가 8% 이하인 식물종은 가래나무, 말채나무, 병아리꽃나무 등 209종류이었다. 식물종 다양성은 장기간 인간간섭으로 조사지역간 특이한 사항은 보이지 않았으나, 곰솔림이 155종으로 가장 높은 값을 보인 반면에 생달나무-마삭줄군락은 23종으로 가장 낮은 값을 나타내었다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.244-249
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• 2006

본 연구는 활엽수 대상 용기묘의 적정 상토를 개발하기 위해 상토의 원료 조성에 따른 노각나무, 찰피나무, 이팝나무 등 활엽수 용기묘의 생장 특성을 4개월간 시설온실에서 실시하였다. 사용된 상토중 코코피드나 피트모스 등이 상대적으로 많은 상토에서 노각나무, 찰피나무, 이팝나무 등 활엽수 용기묘의 수고생장과 근원경 생장이 높게 나타났으며 지상부와 지하부의 건물생산량 또한 뚜렷하게 증가한 경향을 보였다. 또한 생리적 특성에 있어서도 활엽수 용기묘의 광합성률이 상토내 코코피드와 피트모스가 많을수록 높아지는 경향을 보였다. 활엽수 용기묘의 생장에 대한 상토의 영향은 생장특성과 물질생산량 및 광합성과 같은 생리적 특성과 함께 관수 및 시비 체계도 지속적으로 연구해야 할 것이다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.191-200
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• 1992

Dictyostelid cellular slime molds isolated quantitatibly from the oils of evergreen broad-leaved forest and moist grassland of mt. halla in korea. nineteen species were found, including four undescribed species. species underscribed in korea are dictyostelium aureum var. aureum, d. crassicaule, d. monochasioides, and polysphondylium tenuissimum. Among these isolates, d. crassicaule and d. monochasioides were found only in evergreen broad-leaved forest, and p.tenuissimum was commonly found in moist grassland and meadow. in warn temperate regions investigated, d. mucoroides occurred rarely. It was noticeadle that d. sphaerocephalum, d. aureum var. aureum and d. purpureum were much more commonly found in warm temperate region. Species diversity in evergreen broad-leaved forest was the highest among the forests investigated until now in korea. Many isolates in mt. halla distributed differently in relation to the vegetations and altitudes. distritution patterns of isolates from mt. halla were discussed.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.507-524
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• 2022

우리나라 난온대 도서지역을 광범위하게 조사해 TWINSPAN분석을 통해 식생을 유형화한 후에 유형별 입지환경과 군집구조 특성을 밝혔다. 이를 바탕으로 식생유형별 복원전략을 도출하여 난온대림 복원계획의 방향성을 제시하고자 했다. 식생유형은 명료하게 8개로 나뉘었는데 군락 I~IV는 후박나무, 구실잣밤나무 등이 우점한 양호한 상록활엽수림 이었다. 반면, 군락 V~VIII은 곰솔림과 낙엽활엽수림, 인공조림지로 난온대 지역의 퇴행천이 식생이었다. DCA분석 결과로 도출된 환경요인은 해발고(최한월 평균기온)와 해안선에서 거리(내염성)였다. 2가지 환경요인에 따라 후박나무림, 구실잣밤나무림, 가시나무류림 유형으로 난온대림 분포패턴이 명료해졌다. 3가지 식생유형을 복원대상지의 입지환경을 고려해 복원목표 식생으로 적용하는 것이 합리적이다. 군락 V~VIII에는 곰솔, 낙엽활엽수 등이 수관층을 형성했는데 종자 확장력이 강한 상록활엽수종이 하층에 빈번하게 출현해, 상록활엽수림으로 식생천이 가능성이 컸다. 도서지역에 산림이 사라진 황폐지는 협소하지만, 곰솔림과 낙엽활엽수림 등의 퇴행천이된 식생이 대면적을 이룬다. 이곳을 상록활엽수림으로 갱신하는 복원전략이 탄소중립 실현과 생물다양성 증진 측면에서 효과성이 더 클 수 있다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.275-285
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• 2020

Background: In Korea, Symplocos prunifolia Siebold. & Zucc. is only found on Jeju Island. Conservation of the species is difficult because little is known about its distribution and natural habitat. The lack of research and survey data on the characteristics of native vegetation and distribution of this species means that there is insufficient information to guide the management and conservation of this species and related vegetation. Therefore, this study aims to identify the distribution and vegetation associated with S. prunifolia. Results: As a result of field investigations, it was confirmed that the native S. prunifolia communities were distributed in 4 areas located on the southern side of Mt. Halla and within the evergreen broad-leaved forest zones. Furthermore, these evergreen broad-leaved forest zones are themselves located in the warm temperate zone which are distributed along the valley sides at elevations between 318 and 461 m. S. prunifolia was only found on the south side of Mt. Halla, and mainly on south-facing slopes; however, small communities were found to be growing on northwest-facing slopes. It has been confirmed that S. prunifolia trees are rare but an important constituent species in the evergreen broad-leaved forest of Jeju. The mean importance percentage of S. prunifolia community was 48.84 for Castanopsis sieboldii, 17.79 for Quercus acuta, and 12.12 for Pinus thunbergii; S. prunifolia was the ninth most important species (2.6). Conclusions: S. prunifolia can be found growing along the natural streams of Jeju, where there is little anthropogenic influence and where the streams have caused soil disturbance through natural processes of erosion and deposition of sediments. Currently, the native area of S. prunifolia is about 3300 ㎡, which contains a confirmed population of 180 individual plants. As a result of these low population sizes, it places it in the category of an extremely endangered plant in Korea. In some native sites, the canopy of evergreen broad-leaved forest formed, but the frequency and coverage of species were not high. Negative factors that contributed to the low distribution of this species were factors such as lacking in shade tolerance, low fruiting rates, small native areas, and special habitats as well as requiring adequate stream disturbance. Presently, due to changes in climate, it is unclear whether this species will see an increase in its population and habitat area or whether it will remain as an endangered species within Korea. What is clear, however, is that the preservation of the present native habitats and population is extremely important if the population is to be maintained and expanded. It is also meaningful in terms of the stable conservation of biodiversity in Korea. Therefore, based on the results of this study, it is judged that a systematic evaluation for the preservation and conservation of the habitat and vegetation management method of S. prunifolia should be conducted.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.368-375
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• 2020

This study presents a survey of the bryophytes of evergreen broad-leaved forest near Baekyaki Oreum in Gujwa-Seongsan Gotjawal in the eastern part of Jejudo Island, Korea. A total of 53 taxa belonging to Bryophyta (11 families 26 genera 39 species) and Marchantiophyta (9 families, 9 genera 14 species) were determined, and the liverwort index was found to be 26.4%. The predominant life-form was the mat type. The rates of bryophytes dominating at mesic to hygric sites were higher than those of bryophytes, which were mainly observed in xeric habitats. These values indicate that the forest areas in this study area have a high density level. Upon an investigation of the substrates, bryophytes on rocks were most diverse. It was also found that volcanic rock masses of various sizes lay scattered over the study area and offer numerous micro-habitats for bryophytes. This is related to the characteristics of Gotjawal. We consider that more detailed studies should be conducted on regional scales to establish the bryophyte flora of Gotjawal and the evergreen broad-leaved forests of Jejudo Island.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.205-212
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• 1995

The effects of noise attenuation among bare land, grassland, dominated broad-leaved (Quercus acutissima Carruth) and dominated coniferous forest (Pignus rigid Mill.) were studied For this study, the field experiment was carried out at playground, orchard grass, and school forest in Yeungnam University, Kyongsan. Sound levels of 500, 630, 800, 1,000, 1,250, 1,600, 2,000, 2,500 and 3,150 Hz, respectively, were projected into the vegetation, and the transmitted levels of sound were recorded at the distances of 1, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 50m, respectively, from the sound source. Both dominated coniferous forest (Pignus riged Mill.) and broad-leaved forest (Quercus acutissima Carruth ) are the more effective than grassland in the rates of attenuation. It is expected that dominated coniferous forest will be the more effective to attenuate sound love교 than dominated broad-leaved forest. In the low frequencies such as 500 and 630 Hz, grassland showed the more effective to attenuate sound levels than forests, while in the high frequency such as 3,150 Hz, the forests are the more effective to attenuate sound levels than grassland The present results suggested that it is the more effective to establish the tree belt for a sound barrier, with dominated coniferous tree species in the upper layer and herbaceous vegetation in the lower layer.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.181-193
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• 2022

The study was conducted to provide basic data for stable forest management according to climate change by identifying the ecological characteristics of Mt. Dalma warm temperate forest. 30 survey plots were established for vegetation structure analysis, and communities which classified by applying TWINSPAN analysis and DCA analysis techniques. Four plant communities were subdivided into Quercus acuta-Eurya japonica community, Quercus acuta community, Quercus salicina-Camellia japonica community, and Quercus acuta-Camellia japonica community. The tree layers were dominated by Quercus acuta and Quercus salicina, and the subtree layers were dominated by Camellia japonica and Eurya japonica, and the Sasa borealis. The species diversity index were in the range of 0.849 to 0.969, and the degree of Evenness index were 0.514 to 0.569, and the similarity index were 59.57 to 75.47%. The species composition in the community indicated that the deciduous broad-leaved and coniferous trees have already been eliminated in competition with evergreen broad-leaved trees. Tree species with good cold resistance such as Quercus acuta and Quercus salicina were dominant species under current climatic conditions, but the dominant species might be changed to more shade-tolerance evergreen broad-leaved through the succession.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.87-101
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• 2022

난온대 상록활엽수림의 변화과정을 장기 모니터링하기 위해 1996년 완도수목원에 설치된 16개 고정조사구(시험구, 대조구)를 대상으로 식생구조 변화를 분석했다. 특히 1996년도 복원기법으로 도입한 시험처리(솎아베기, 식물도입)가 식생 발달에 미친 영향을 심도 있게 논의했다. 교목층에 붉가시나무가 우점한 군락(고정조사구 1~3)에서는 이 종의 평균상대우점치(MIP)가 줄고, 외부에서 들어온 상록활엽수종의 MIP가 늘어나 장래 식생구조 변화가 예상된다. 붉가시나무-낙엽활엽수림(고정조사구 5, 7), 소나무림(고정조사구 9, 10)에서도 상록활엽수종의 세력 확장이 확인됐다. 솎아베기를 시행했던 시험구에서 조류 피식 산포형인 생달나무, 참식나무, 후박나무 등의 종 유입과 상록활엽수종의 세력 확장이 두드러져, 난온대림 식생 발달을 촉진하는데 유효했다고 본다. 시험구에 상록활엽수종을 심어 식생구조 변화를 꾀했지만, 식재 수량이 적어 식생구조 변화에 끼친 영향이 미약했던 것으로 보인다. 다른 식생유형보다 소나무림은 소나무, 곰솔의 쇠퇴에 따른 상록활엽수림으로의 식생구조 변화가 뚜렷했다.