• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.60-66
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• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of bone boiling duration on bovine bone extract supplement quality in terms of growth performance, leg bone length, and blood profile in broilers. A total of twenty ROSS 308 broilers (initial BW of $970{\pm}50g$) were randomly divided into the following 4 treatment groups: CON (basal water), T1 (1 : 1 ratio water to bone extract boiled for six hours), T2 (1 : 1 ratio water to bone extract boiled for 12 hours), and T3 (1 : 1 ratio water to bone extract boiled for 24 hours). The broilers were allowed free access to the source of fluid or diets. Average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG), and feed efficiency showed no significant differences among treatments during this experiment. However, broilers fed bone extract boiled for six hours showed a tendency for increased ADG to other treatments (p < 0.17). No significant differences were observed in organ weights (liver, spleen, bursa of fabricius) or blood profiles among the treatments during the experiment, but broilers fed bone extract boiled for six hours showed a tendency for decreased cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL compared to the control diet. In the case of leg bone length, there were significant difference (p < 0.05) on tibia and femur among treatments. It was concluded that the six hour-boiled bone extract supplementation had beneficial effects on growth performance and blood profile of broilers.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.383-399
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• 2005

The successful implantation necessitate tissue regeneration m site of future implant placement, there being severe bone defect. Therapeutic approaches to tissue regeneration in the site have used bone grafts, root surface treatments, barrier membranes, and growth factors, the same way being applied to periodontal tissue regeneration. Great interest in periodontal tissue regeneration has lead to research in bone graft, guided-tissue regeneration, and the administration of growth factors as possible means of regenerating lost periodontal tissue. The blood component separated by centrifuging the blood is the platelet-rich plasma. There are growth factors, PDGF, $TGF{beta}1$, $TGF{beta}2$ and IGF in the platelet-rich plasma. The purpose of this study was to study the histopathological correlation between the use of platelet-rich plasma and the healing of bone defect around implant fixture site. Implant fixtures were inserted and graft materials were placed into the left femur of in the experimental group, while the control group received only implant fixtures. In the first experimental group, platelet-rich plasma and BBP xenograft were placed at the implant fixture site, and the second experimental group had platelet-rich plasma, BBP xenograft, and the e-PTFE membrane placed at the fixture site. The degree of bone regeneration adjacent to the implant fixture was observed and compared histopathologically at 2, 4, and 8 weeks after implant fixture insertion. The results of the experiment were as follows: 1. Bone remodeling in acid etched surface near the implant fixture of all experimental groups was found to be greater than new bone formation. 2. Bone remodeling in acid etched surface distant to the implant fixture of all experimental groups was decreased and new bone formation was not changed. 3. Significant new bone formation in machined surface near the implant fixture of bothl experimental groups was observed in 2 weeks. 4. New bone formation in machined surface distant to the implant fixture of both experimental groups was observed. Bone remodeling was significant in near the implant fixture and not in distant to the implant fixture. The results of the experiment suggested that the change of bone formation around implant. Remodeling in machined surface distant to the implant fixture of both experimental groups, and new bone formation and remodeling near the implant fixture were significant.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.171-177
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the osteogenic capacity of water extract of danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge). We have established in rat critical-sized calvarial defect model using the combination with collagen scaffold and danshen hydrophilic extract. All rats were extinguished at 8 weeks after bone graft surgery, and the bone regeneration ability of bone grafting sides was evaluated by plain radiography and micro-CT. These results revealed water extract of danshen had the potential to promote osteogenesis especially continuous oral administration with local treatment compared to one-shot local treatment. This compound may provide a new alternative agent for growth factors to promote bone healing and bone regeneration. In conclusion, these results suggest that danshen hydrophilic extract have the potential to promote osteogenesis in bone defects. Further studies about fusion technology with salvianolic acid B, peptides, growth factors, and scaffolds using of the combination of tissue engineering, cell engineering and mechanical engineering are needed.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.107-115
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of growth exercise program based on Korean medicine. Methods : We recruited fifty two elementary students in a rural area, and measured height, weight, BMI, WHR, and bone age. Questionnaire on sleep, exercise, symptoms based on Korean medicine was performed. Students exercised TaeGuk(太極) Health Gigong(氣功), a growth exercise program 11 times in 6 weeks. Results : Height, weight, BMI and WHR of the subject students were lower than those in the Korean CDC(Center for Disease Control and Prevention) growth chart. There was significantly negative correlation between time of sleep and bone age(p=0.028), but no correlation between time of exercise and bone age(p=0.668). According to diagnosis based on Korean medicine, many students were in weakness of spleen and lung, and bone age according to deficiency of organ showed no significant difference(p=0.774). Satisfaction, impact on time of exercise after program, ideal time for program and impact on reparticipation of program were strong in the questionnaire after growth exercise program(TaeGuk(太極) Health Gigong(氣功)). Conclusions : Korean medicine promotion of health has a salutary effect on elementary school students in rural area by collecting growth and health data and educating easy exercise based on Taichi.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.23-35
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• 1979

The present study has the purpose of investigating various growth and developmental aspects of rabbit snout with the aid of metallic implantation and of improving on the indirect method of growth and developmental studies of its skull. Sixty-eight growing albino rabbits were used. A head holder, film holder, cephalometer, metallic implanting device and implant materials were designed and constructed by the author. Eight metallic pins were implanted with a metallic implanting device in the rabbit snout under general anesthesia. Two metallic pins were implanted on each side of the interfrontal suture and another two were put on each side of the internasal suture near the frontonasal suture. Serial cephalograms were taken with a two-week interval, using the head holder, film holder and cephalometer. Eight items of linear measurement were obtained from the film. On the base of the results of the study, the following conclusions are obtained: 1. The metallic implant method is better than the other indirect methods for growth and developmental studies of the rabbit skull. 2. Most of the vertical growth of the rabbit snout is due to sutural growth at the frontonasal suture and the horizontal growth is at the interfrontal and the internasal suture. 3. The vertical growth of the rabbit snout is greater than the horizontal growth. 4. The horizontal growth of the rabbit snout is greater at the nasal bone than at the frontal bone. 5. The amount of vertical growth of the rabbit snout is almost same at inner and outer side of the interfrontal and internasal suture line, 6. Growth rate of the sutural growth of the rabbit snout tends to decrease by the growth of the rabbit. 7. Implant materials do not disturb growth and development of the rabbit snout, except a slight trauma effect during the first week of metallic implantation.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.157-170
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• 1993

To prove the effct of semi-rigid fixation which utilize wire and rigid fixation which utilizes miniplate toward cranio-facial growth and development of growing children for teenagers, 28 rabbits-6 weeks, about 1.5kg-were experimented. They were classified three groups the semi-rigid group was 12 rabbits which were fixed with 26 gauge stainless steel wire to cross a fronto-nasal suture, the rigid group was the other 12 rabbits which were fixed with miniplate and screw, the control group was 4 rabbits which were get rid of only periosteum. The sample of fronto-nasal of rabbits which were sacrified after 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks of the operation were investigated and made a comparative study with the light microscops. 1. At the control group, the central part of bony suture was connected with colagen bundle, the osteoblastic layer was investigated at the bony ending, new bone which covered the inside and outside faces of the bone suture was formed between periosteum. 2. Two weeks later from the experiment, ran slightly irregularly the collagen bundle which connects both bony endings of the rigid group. 3. Four weeks later from the experiment, collagen bundle of bone surface were arranged parally a little and comparing to the semi-rigid group, newly formed woven bone of surface of the adjacent bone was made obviously a little. 4. Eight weeks later from the experiment, collagen bundle which is located between both bony ending become close. Both the semi-rigid group and the rigid group showed significant formation of new bone at the periosteum and the bone surface. 12 weeks later from the experiment, both the semi-rigid group and the rigid group showed the regular running in the collagen bundle and smooth, dense periosteum. Then they assumed a similar aspect of the control group. I think that it does not give the influence to the cranio-facial growth of children or teenager to utilize a rigid fixation for a short period. Because as the time goes on, the surface of the bone suture was recovered and adjacent bone surface of the miniplate fixation showed compensatory growth, although both the semi-rigid group which utilized wire and rigid group which utilized a miniplate brought about the change of the area of the bone suture at the early period.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.134-138
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• 2012

Autogenous tooth bone graft material contains organic and inorganic components for osteoinductive and osteoconductive healing. The clinical availability and safety of this material have been confirmed by various experimental and clinical studies. In the future, allogenic and xenogenic tooth bone graft materials, ideal scaffold using teeth for stem cells and bone growth factors, and endodontic and tooth restorative material will be developed.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.19-35
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• 2008

Objectives : As obese children have been increased, the interest in the impact of obesity on growth also have been increased. This study is to examine relations between obesity and skeletal maturity by analyzing body compositions and bone age. Methods : Subjects were composed of 233 children from 6 years to 17 years of age, without any other diseases related to growth, who visited the department of pediatrics, OO oriental medicine hospital and measured their body composition (body mass index, body fat ratio, fitness score) and bone age. Results : 1. As body mass index was increased, the skeletal maturity significantly was also increased. 2. As the mean of bone maturity was increased, the BMI was increased from the underweight type to the normal type to the overweight type; the bone maturity was increased as the fat ratio was increased from the normal type to the obese type to the excessively obese type; and the bone maturity was higher in the weak, obese type than the normal type when classified according to the Fitness Score. 3. The bone maturity of the overweight group in the BMI classification and excessively obese group in the fat ratio classification significantly were increased. 4. Skeletal maturity significantly was increased in children who developed secondary sexual character. 5. The significance of obesity causing increase of the skeletal maturity was higher in boys than in girls. 6. Only in the case of children without development of secondary sexual character, obesity caused an significant increases in the skeletal maturity. Conclusions : Obesity could cause the increase of skeletal maturity, and the obesity could affect more to the boys than girls and more to the children than teenagers.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.309-314
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• 2013

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship among the current status of calcium intake from milk and milk products, physical growth and bone mineral density in 664 male and female middle school and high school students aged 15-17 years. In the study, the current status of calcium intake from milk and milk products was analyzed, and the height, body composition, and bone mineral density of the right heel bone (calcaneus) were measured. The daily calcium intake of milk and milk products was calculated as the 'dairy equivalent of calcium', which is the calcium content in 200 mL of white milk. The cutoffs of tertiles of the dairy equivalent of calcium were calculated and then the subjects were categorized into 3 groups according to the tertiles, Q1 group (lower intake group), Q2 group (middle intake group) and Q3 group (upper intake group). The daily calcium intake of milk and milk products in Q1, Q2 and Q3 groups was 16.2 mg, 99.7 mg, and 284.0 mg, respectively, and the ratio of milk and milk product consumption to the daily total calcium intake was 5.4%, 27.4%, and 49.7%, respectively. The ratio of total calcium intake to the daily recommended intake in study subjects was 30.5% in Q1, 42.3% in Q2, and 60.7% in Q3, with significant differences (P < 0.05). Height, body weight, BMI, and % of body fat in three tertile groups (Q1, Q2 and Q3) were not significantly different. However, the T scores for bone mineral density in female students in three tertile groups (Q1, Q2 and Q3) was significantly different (P < 0.05). The study showed that the intake of milk and milk products in adolescents, particularly in girls, can improve the bone mineral density without increasing body weight, and thus confirmed that milk intake is important in adolescence.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.181-187
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this preliminary study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a customized, three-dimensional, preformed titanium mesh as a barrier membrane for peri-implant alveolar bone regeneration. Materials and Methods: Ten patients were recruited for this study. At the time of implant placement, all patients had fenestration or a dehiscence defect around the implant fixture. A mixture of particulate intraoral autologous bone and freeze-dried bone allograft was applied to the defect in a 1 : 1 volume ratio and covered by the preformed titanium mesh. A core biopsy specimen was taken from the regenerated bone four months postoperatively. Patients were followed for 12 months after the definitive prosthesis was placed. Results: Satisfactory bone regeneration with limited fibrous tissue was detected beneath the preformed titanium mesh. Histologic findings revealed that newly formed bones were well-incorporated into the allografts and connective tissue. New growth was composed of approximately 80% vital bone, 5% fibrous marrow tissue, and 15% remaining allograft. All implants were functional without any significant complications. Conclusion: The use of preformed titanium mesh may support bone regeneration by maintaining space for new bone growth through its macro-pores. This preliminary study presents the efficacy of a preformed titanium mesh as a ready-to-use barrier membrane around peri-implant alveolar bone defect. This preformed mesh is also convenient to apply and to remove.