• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.256-262
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• 2010

bone grafting is indicated in the case of bony defects and is classified into autograft, allograft, and xenograft. Synthetic bone graft is contrasted with these three categories in that it has a different donor source. Autograft is most prominent as it is known as a gold standard of all grafting procedures. Its principles and practices are well established via accumulated informations and clinical experiences, which imposes no regulations or restrictions in its clinical use. On the other hand, other bone graft procedures are under tight control for the safety and effectiveness of each product. Food and Drug Administration of the United States has a system in which the information on the approvals and clearances of bone graft materials on their internet homepage. All the bone graft materials that are under the regulations of the United States are classified into the category of medical devices, which includes allogenic bone, xenogenic bone, and synthetic bone graft materials. Each bone graft material has its own indication and the FDA approvals and clearances of medical devices contain the item of "intended use" to specify the indications of each bone graft materials. US dentists, as users of the specific bone graft materials, are provided with adequate information on the approved materials they are to utilize. As an user of these materials, Korean dentists are less provided with the information on the bone graft materials they want to use. Medical providers of the bone graft materials have to be able to provide their users with the essential information such as the intended use of the regulatory approval. Dentists must also be active in gathering informations on the material of their interest, and the system must be built in which both of the medical providers and users of bone graft materials can be satisfied in providing and getting the information, respectively.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.275-279
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• 2010

Dental implant restoration in partial or full edentulous state has become the standard treatment in recent years. Bone graft with guided bone regeneration technique has been regarded as one of the most reliable methods to restore the bone defect area due to periodontal disease or dental trauma. Bone graft materials and membrane are the essential component of guided bone regeneration; however, a variety of bone graft materials confuse us in implant dentistry. Autogenous bone is the recognized standards in implant dentistry owing to its osteogenesis potential. Despite of its disadvantages, grafting autogenous bone is the most reliable methods. Even though the development of new bone grafts materials, autogenous bone is useful in exposed implant thread and total lack of buccal or lingual bone. Allogenic, xenogenic and synthetic bone have the osteoconductive and osteoinductive potential. These materials could be used successfully in self-contained cavity such as sinus cavity and three-wall defects. In this article, application of bone graft material is suggested according to the function of bone graft materials.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.256-263
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of autogenous tooth graft materials after maxillary sinus bone grafts. Methods: The study involved 23 implants in 22 patients who visited the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and the Department of Periodontics, Chosun University Dental Hospital, in 2008 and received autogenous tooth graft materials for maxillary sinus bone grafts. Results: For eight patients with maxillary bone graft materials prior to implant placement, the healing period averaged five months. For eleven patients with simultaneous maxillary bone graft and implant placement, eight patients received a second surgery, with an average healing time of six months. Three patients had a longer observation period with only a fixture implanted. Three patients who received only a bone graft required more time to implant placement because of the lack of residual bone and also for personal reasons. Only 5 patients had biopsies performed and complications such as infection and dehiscence healed well. The application of autogenous graft materials to the maxillary bone graft sites did not exert any significant effects on the success rates. When a mixture of graft materials was used, the post-surgical bone resorption rate was reduced. Histological analysis showed that new bone formation and remodeling were initiated during the three-to-six month healing period. Bone formation capacity increased continuously up to six months after the maxillary bone graft. Conclusion: According to this analysis, excellent stability and bone-forming capacity were seen in cases where autogenous materials were used alone or mixed with other materials. Autogenous tooth graft materials may be substituted instead of autogenous bones.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.437-444
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• 2008

Purpose: A number of techniques and materials have been used for periodontal regeneration and bone graft procedures with guided tissue regeneration(GTR) have been suggested as alternatives to osseous surgery in the management of local infra-bony defects. However, the long-term stability and treatment outcome following bone graft procedure of infra-bony defects is poorly documented. The purpose of this study was to assess radiographic change in infra-bony defects over 2 years after bone graft procedures with various graft materials. Material and Methods: Patients attending the department of periodontics of Kyungpook National University Hospital were studied. Patients showed clinical and radiographic evidence of infra-bony defect(s). 44 sites of 34 patients aged 31 to 69 (mean age 48.3) were treated by bone graft procedure with a bone graft material. Baseline and 2-year follow-up radiographs were collected and evaluated for this study. Radiographic assessment includes a bone fill, bone crest change, defect resolution, and % of defect resolution. Pre- and post-treatment differences between variables (maxilla and mandible, defect depth, defect angle, bone graft materials) using the paired t-test were examined. Result: We observed $1.15{\pm}1.95\;mm$ of bone fill, $0.40{\pm}1.19\;mm$ of crestal resorption, $1.55{\pm}1.77\;mm$ of defect resolution, and $40{\pm}44%$ of percentage of defect resolution. Deeper initial defect depth, narrower initial defect angle showed significantly greater bone fill, defect resolution, and % of defect resolution. But no significant difference was observed in graft sites and graft materials. Conclusion: If good oral hygiene maintenance and periodic recall check of patients is assured, bone graft procedure using various graft materials is one of the appropriate treatment modality for regenerative therapy of infra-bony defects.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.221-230
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• 2012

Objectives: This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of collagen graft materials, as compared to other graft materials, for use in healing calvarial defects in rabbits. Materials and Methods: Ten mm diameter calvarial defects were made in ten rabbits. The rabbits were then divided into 4 groups: control, autogenous bone graft, SureOss graft, and Teruplug graft. Bone regeneration was evaluated using histological and radiographic methods. Results: Based on visual examination, no distinct healing profile was observed. At 4 weeks after treatment, histological analysis showed there was no bone regeneration in the control group; however, at 8 weeks after treatment, new bone formation was observed around the margin of the defective sites. In the autogenous bone graft group, new bone formation was observed at 4 weeks after treatment and mature bone was detected around the grafted bone after 8 weeks. In the SureOss graft group, at 4 weeks after treatment, acute inflammatory and multinuclear cells were noted around the grafted materials; at 8 weeks after treatment, a decrease in graft materials coupled with new bone formation were observed at the defective sites. In the Teruplug graft group, new bone formation was detected surrounding the bone margin and without signs of inflammation. There were statistically significant differences observed between the graft and control group in terms of bone density as evidenced by radiographic analysis using computed tomography (P<0.05), particularly for the autogenous bone graft group (P<0.001). Conclusion: These results suggested that autogenous bone, SureOss and Teruplug have the ability to induce bone regeneration as compared to an untreated control group. The osteogenic potential of Teruplug was observed to be lower than that of autogenous bone, but similar to that of SureOss.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 2014

Recently, clinical application of autogenous tooth bone-graft materials has been reported. Autogenous tooth bone graft has been used in implant surgery. Familial tooth bone graft is a more advanced procedure than autogenous teeth bone graft in that extracted teeth can be used for bone graft materials of implant and teeth donation between siblings is possible. We used autogenous tooth and familial tooth bone-graft materials for ridge augmentation and sinus bone graft and obtained satisfactory results. The cases are presented herein.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.51 no.8
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• pp.459-467
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• 2013

The use of autogenous tooth bone graft material has been commercialized since 2008. Autogenous tooth bone grafts always require that the tooth of the patient be extracted, and thus, the use of graft material are limited in many cases. For solution of limitation in quantity and concurrent use of autogenous tooth bone graft material, the grafting of familial teeth has been suggested. It has the following advantages: the teeth of family members are used as bone graft materials, the genetic composition is identical, and potential genetic and infectious risks can be minimized. Because the teeth of family members are used, a good tissue affinity is obtained, and thus, superior bone generation rates compared to those observed for allogenic or xenogenic bones can be anticipated. We used familial tooth bone-graft materials for alveolar ridge augmentation, socket preservation, and maxillary sinus graft in some cases. In most cases, the impacted third molars of their children were prepared as bone graft material and were used for surgery. In one case, the impacted third molar from the patient's brother was used as bone graft material. We obtained satisfactory result and these cases are reported herein.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.528-538
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• 2014

PURPOSE. The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the effectiveness of newly developed autogenous tooth bone graft material (AutoBT)application for sinus bone graft procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The patients with less than 5.0 mm of residual bone height in maxillary posterior area were enrolled. For the sinus bone graft procedure, Bio-Oss was grafted in control group and AutoBT powder was grafted in experimental group. Clinical and radiographic examination were done for the comparison of grafted materials in sinus cavity between groups. At 4 months after sinus bone graft procedure, biopsy specimens were analyzed by microcomputed tomography and histomorphometric examination for the evaluation of healing state of bone graft site. RESULTS. In CT evaluation, there was no difference in bone density, bone height and sinus membrane thickness between groups. In microCT analysis, there was no difference in total bone volume, new bone volume, bone mineral density of new bone between groups. There was significant difference trabecular thickness ($0.07{\mu}m$ in Bio-Oss group Vs. $0.08{\mu}m$ in AutoBT group) (P=.006). In histomorphometric analysis, there was no difference in new bone formation, residual graft material, bone marrow space between groups. There was significant difference osteoid thickness ($8.35{\mu}m$ in Bio-Oss group Vs. $13.12{\mu}m$ in AutoBT group) (P=.025). CONCLUSION. AutoBT could be considered a viable alternative to the autogenous bone or other bone graft materials in sinus bone graft procedure.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.146-153
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• 2014

Purpose: This study compares and evaluates the efficacy of graft materials after maxillary sinus bone grafts with autogenous tooth bone graft material (AutoBT), demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) and deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM). Methods: The study involved 30 sinuses in 26 patients who visited the Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry in Ajou University Hospital and received either AutoBT, DFDBA or DBBM with sinus elevation using the lateral window technique. Sinus graft height was measured before, immediately after, and six months after bone graft with panoramic radiography and the height changes of the sinus floor was compared according to the graft materials. Results: After six months, the decrease ratio of graft heights were 13.57% for AutoBT group, 14.30% for DFDBA group, and 11.92% for DBBM group. There was no statistically significant difference. Conclusion: The new maxillary sinus floor formed by the upper border of bone graft material, can repneumatize after the maxillary sinus elevation. Thus, long-term stability of sinus graft height represents an important factor for implant success. We found that the three graft materials for sinus elevation do not differ significantly and all three graft materials showed excellent resistance to maxillary sinus repneumatization. However, due to the special circumstances of the maxillary sinus and small sample, the actual difference between the three graft materials may not have been detectable. Therefore further study needs to be conducted for more reliable study results.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.719-732
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• 2007

Purpose: Various bone graft materials are being used for periodontal tissue regeneration. Th materials are being developed continuously for ideal clinical effects. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the clinical characteristics of each bone graft material through comparing the various bone graft materials statistically and in doing so, proposing a more efficient bone graft material. In this study, the following results were attained through comparing the clinical effects among the bone graft materials, using the statistical method based on the clinical studies published at the department of periodontology of Yonsei hospital. Materials and Method: 6 selected studies of department of Periodontology at Yonsei University Hospital were based on clinical study of bone grafting in intrabony defects. It was compared the clinical parameters among the 6 clinical studies, using the statistical META analysis. Result: When comparing the probing depth reduction, there was a relatively great amount of decease when using the xenograft, Anorganic Bovine Derived Hydroxapatite Bone Matrix/Cell Binding Peptide(ABM/P-15: PepGen $P-15^{(R)}$) and the autogenous bone and absorbable membrane, d, 1-alctide/glycolide copolymer(GC: $Biomesh^{(R)}$). The allogfrafts showed a relatively low decrease in the probing depth and clinical attachment change. It also showed a slight decrease in the bone probing depth. The allografts showed various results according to different bone graft materials. When comparing the ABM/P-15 and bovine bone $powder(BBP^{(R)})$, ABM/P-15 showed a relatively high clinical attachment level and the bovine bone powder showed a relatively high clinical attachment level. The probing depth change and gingival recession change showed a lower value than the mean value between the two bone graft materials. The synthetic bone showed a relatively high decrease in clinical attachment level and periodontal probing depth change. There was a relatively larger amount of gingival recession when using Bioactive Glass(BG) but a relatively low bone regeneration effect was seen. Conclusion: Good restorative results of the periodontal tissue can be attained by applying the various bone graft materials being used today after identifying the accurate clinical effects.