• Title/Summary/Keyword: bone and skin

Search Result 480, Processing Time 0.028 seconds

A Case of the Shoulder-Hand Syndrome Caused by a Crush Injury of the Shoulder (견관절부 외상후 발생된 Shoulder-Hand Syndrome)

  • Jeon, Jae-Soo;Lee, Sung-Keun;Song, Hoo-Bin;Kim, Sun-Jong;Park, Wook;Kim, Sung-Yell
    • The Korean Journal of Pain
    • /
    • v.2 no.2
    • /
    • pp.155-166
    • /
    • 1989
  • Bonica defined, that reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) may develop pain, vasomotor abnoramalities, delayed functional recovery, and dystrophic changes on an affected area without major neurologic injury following trauma, surgery or one of several diseased states. This 45 year old male patient had been crushed on his left shoulder by a heavily laden rear car, during his job street cleaning about 10 years ago (1978). At first the pain was localizea only to the site of injury, but with time, it spreaded from the shoulder to the elbow and hand, with swelling. X-ray studies in the local clinic, showed no bone abnormalities of the affected site. During about 10 years following the injury, the had recieved several types of treatments such as nonsteroidal analgesics, steroid injections into the glenoidal cavity (10 times), physical therapy, some oriental herb medicines, and acupuncture over a period of 1~3 months annually. His shoulder pain and it's joint dysfunction persisted with recurrent paroxysmal aggrevation because of being mismanaged or neglected for a sufficiently long period these fore permiting progression of the sympathetic imbalance. On July 14 1988 when he visited our clinic. He complained of burning, aching and had a hyperpathic response or hyperesthesia in touch from the shoulder girdle to the elbow and the hand. Also the skin of the affected area was pale, cold, and there was much sweating of the axilla and palm, but no edema. The shoulder girdle was unable to move due to joint pain with marked weakness. We confirmed skin temperatures $5^{\circ}C$ lower than those of the unaffected axilla, elbow and palm of his hand, and his nails were slightly ridged with lateral arching and some were brittle. On X-ray findings of both the shoulder AP & lateral view, the left humerus and joint area showed diffuse post-traumatic osteoporosis and fibrous ankylozing with an osteoarthritis-like appearance. For evaluating the RSD and it's relief of pain, the left cervical sympathetic ganglion was blocked by injecting 0.5% bupivacaine 5 ml with normal saline 5 ml (=SGB). After 15 minutes following the SGB, the clinical efficacy of the block by the patients subjective score of pain intensity (=PSSPI), showed a 50% reduction of his shoulder and arm pain, which was burning in quality, and a hyperpathic response against palpation by the examiner. The skin temperatures of the axilla and palm rose to $4{\sim}5^{\circ}C$ more than those before the SGB. He felt that his left face and upper extremity became warmer than before the SGB, and that he had reduced sweating on his axilla and his palm. Horner's sign was also observed on his face and eyes. But his deep shoulder joint pain was not improved. For the control of the remaining shoulder joint pain, after 45 minutes following the SGB, a somatic sensory block was performed by injecting 0.5% bupivacaine 6 ml mixed with salmon calcitonin, $Tridol^{(R)}$, $Polydyn^{(R)}$ and triamcinolone into the fossa of the acromioclavicular joint region. The clinical effect of the somatic block showed an 80% releif of the deep joint pain by the PSSPI of the joint motion. Both blocks, as the above mentioned, were repeated a total of 28 times respectively, during 6 months, except the steroid was used just 3 times from the start. For maintaining the relieved pain level whilst using both blocks, we prescribed a low dose of clonazepam, prazocin, $Etravil^{(R)}$, codeine, etodolac micronized and antacids over 6 months. The result of the treatments were as follows; 1) The burning, aching and hyperpathic condition which accompanied with vaosmotor and pseudomotor dysfunction, disappeared gradually to almost nothing, within 3 weeks from the starting of the blocks every other day. 2) The joint disability of the affected area was improved little by little within 6 months. 3) The post-traumatic osteoporosis, fibrous ankylosis and marginal sclerosis with a narrowed joint, showed not much improvement on the X-ray findings (on April 25, 1989) 10 months later in the follow-up. 4) Now he has returned to his job as a street cleaner.

  • PDF

Analysis of Treatment and Prognosis in Malignant Melanoma (악성 흑색종의 치료와 예후에 대한 분석)

  • Kwon, Young-Ho;Kim, Jeong-Ryoul;Lee, Young-Gu;Kim, Jae-Do
    • The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
    • /
    • v.11 no.2
    • /
    • pp.141-147
    • /
    • 2005
  • Purpose: The most important thing in curing Malignant melanoma is surgical excision, operating method is wide excision. The author et al. studied 5-year survival rate of each stage and appropriate surgical margin after operating wide excision and immuno-chemotherapy. Materials and methods: From March 1995 to August 2003, wide excision and immunochemotherapy were operated to 35 patients (17 males and 18 females) who were diagnosed as malignant melanoma and followed up. Excision was done around 2 cm from edge of tumor regardless of the size or effected degree of the skin, and flap or full thickness skin graft was used for skin deficit that was not covered after excision. As for immuno-chemotherapy, method that prescribes 400 mg of dacarbazine (DTIC) and 3 million IU of interferone-${\alpha}$ in combination was used. Immuno-chemotherapy was operated to patients in over stage III. We used AJCC stage that was revised in 2002. Local recurrence, local metastasis and distant metastasis were investigated for these patients as well as the 5-year survival rate of each stage. Results: Most frequently 15 cases(42.8%) occurred in foot, 5 cases(14.2%) occured in ankle, 2 cases(5.7%) in leg, 2 cases(5.7%) in thigh and 5 cases(14.2%) in hand. The incidence of each stage were 8 cases(22.8%) in IA, 9 cases(25.7 %) in IB, 4 cases(11.4%) in IIA, 2 cases(5.7%) in IIB, 1 cases(2.8%) in IIIA, 2 cases(5.7%) in IIIB, 2 cases(5.7%) in IIIC and 7 cases(20.0%) in stage IV. 5-year survival rate of each stage were 94.1% in stage I, 66.8% in stage II, 40% in stage III and 14.3% in stage IV. Conclusion: 5-year survival rate of stage IV was low in malignant melanoma. In treatment of malignant melanoma, staging before operation is important as operation methods are different from each stage. We recommend wide excision which remove around 1~3 cm from margin of tumor up to each thickness.

  • PDF

Operative treatment for Proximal Humeral Fracture (상완골 근위부 골절의 수술적 요법)

  • Park Jin-Young;Park Hee-Gon
    • Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
    • /
    • v.2 no.2
    • /
    • pp.168-175
    • /
    • 2003
  • Fracture about proximal humerus may be classified as the articular segment or the anatomical neck, the greater tuberosity, the lesser tuberosity, and the shaft or surgical neck. Now, usually used, Neer's classification is based on the number of segments displaced, over 1cm of displaced or more than 45 degrees of angulation , rather than the number of fracture line . Absolute indication of a operative treatment a open fracture, the fracture with vascular injury or nerve injury , and unreductable fracture-dislocation . Inversely, the case that are severe osteoporosis, and eldly patient who can't be operated by strong internal fixation is better than arthroplasty used by primary prosthetic replacement and early rehabilitation program than open reduction and internal fixation. The operator make a decision for the patient who should be taken the open reduction and internal fixation, because it's different that anatomical morphology, bone density, condition of patient. The operator decide operation procedure. For example, percutaneous pinning, open reduction, plate & screws, wire tension bands combined with some intramedullary device are operation procedure that operator can decide . The poor health condition for other health problem, fracture with unstable vital sign and severe osteoporosis , are the relative contraindication. The stable fracture without dislocation is not the operative indication . The radiologic film of the prokimal humerus before the operation can not predict for fracture evaluation. It's necessary to good radiologic film for evaluation of fracture form. The trauma serise is better than the other radiologic film for evaluation. The accessary radiologic exam is able to help for evaluation of bone fragment and anatomy. The CT can be helpful in evaluating these injury, especially if the extract fracture type cannot be determined from plain roenterogram of the proximal humerus, bone of humerus head. If the dislocation is severe anatomically , we could consider to do three dimentional remodelling. The MRI doing for observing of bony morphology before the operation is not better than CT If we were suspicious of vascular injury, we could consider the angiography.

  • PDF

A Study of the Thoroughfare and Conception Vessels' Emaciation through Epidemiologic Research about Menstrual Disorders of Female High School Students in Busan (월경부조(月經不調)에 대한 부산지역 여고생의 역학연구를 통한 충임허손(衝任虛損) 연구)

  • Kang, Yu-Jeong;Choi, Yu-Jeong;Lee, In-Seon;Cho, Hye-Sook;Ji, Gyue-Yong;Lee, Yong-Tae
    • The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • /
    • v.26 no.2
    • /
    • pp.46-65
    • /
    • 2013
  • Purpose: Generally menstrual disorder caused by functional deficiency of ovary is not treated clinically because it manifests as normal process of growth. In this study we collected experimental group having several or severe menstrual disorder and we tried to find out whether there is any relationship between menstrual disorders and the function of Thoroughfare and Conception vessels or not. Methods: First, this study was researched to learn the meaning and the symptoms of 'the emaciation of Thoroughfare and Conception vessels', and to learn the relationship between menstrual disorders and 'the emaciation of Thoroughfare and Conception vessels' through literature review. And we set up a experimental group who have two or more menstrual disorders or severe degree of menstrual disorders(N=97) and control group who don't have menstrual disorders(N=97) as a result of the menstruation survey. Afterwards we conducted the DSOM in both experimental group and control group. Results and Conclusions: The meaning of 'the emaciation of Thoroughfare and Conception vessels' is deficiency of qi and blood from the Thoroughfare and Conception vessels. As a result, the female reproductive system is difficult to be worked properly with deficiency of skin, muscles, bone, and vessels. Symptoms of the emaciation of Thoroughfare and Conception vessels are classified into drying, skinny body, feeling of cold, menstrual disorders, pain and personality traits. In this study, severity of drying, skinny body, feeling of cold, menstrual disorders, pain and personality traits is significantly higher in experimental group than in control group. Like this, symptoms of 'the emaciation of Thoroughfare and Conception vessels' appear with menstrual disorders because disorder of circulation is occurred by qi and blood deficiency of Thoroughfare and Conception vessels. It is appropriate to identify this case as 'the emaciation of Thoroughfare and Conception vessels' pattern and necessary to treat actively through regulating qi and blood in advance.

Evaluation of carcass traits, meat quality and the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes in different slaughter ages and muscles of Taihang black goats

  • Amin Cai;Shiwei Wang;Pengtao Li;Zhaohui Yao;Gaiying Li
    • Animal Bioscience
    • /
    • v.37 no.8
    • /
    • pp.1483-1494
    • /
    • 2024
  • Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of slaughter age on carcass traits, meat quality, and the relative mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes in different muscles of Taihang black goats. Methods: In this study, the triceps brachii (TB), longissimus dorsi (LD) and gluteus (GL) muscles of 15 grazing Taihang black goats slaughtered at the age of 2, 3, and 4 (designated as 2-year-old, 3-year-old, and 4-year-old, respectively) were collected. The differences in carcass shape, meat quality, amino acid composition and lipid metabolism gene expression among Taihang black goats of different ages and from different plant parts were compared. Results: Compared with goats at other ages, goats slaughtered at the age of 4 had greater live and carcass weights, meat weights, bone weights and skin areas (p<0.05). LD in the 4-years-old had the lowest cooking loss and moisture content. The crude protein content in the LD of 2-year-old was significantly greater than that in the other age group, and at the age of 2, the LD had the highest crude protein content than TB and GL. The highest fat content was in LD, followed by TB, for goats slaughtered at the age of 4. Eight out of 9 essential amino acids had higher content in the TB compared with other muscles, regardless of age. The total essential amino acid content was highest in the 4-year-old and lowest in the GL muscle at the age of 3. The sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) genes were significantly more abundant in the TB muscle than in the other muscles for goats slaughtered at the age of 2. At the age of 4, the ATGL and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) genes were significantly more abundant in the GL than in the LD, while the fatty acid synthase (FAS) genes were significantly less abundant in the GL than in the other muscles. Similarly, compared with those in goats of other ages, the relative mRNA expression levels of the FAS and heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) genes in goats slaughtered at the age of 4 were the highest, and the relative mRNA expression of the PPARγ gene was the lowest (p<0.05). The relative mRNA expression of the H-FABP and FAS genes was positively correlated with the intramuscular fat (IMF) content, while the relative mRNA expression levels of the PPARγ and ATGL genes was negatively correlated with the IMF content. Conclusion: Overall, a better nutritional value was obtained for TB from 4-year-old goats, in which the total essential amino acid and fat contents were greater than those of other muscles. The comprehensive action of lipid metabolism genes was consistent with that of the IMF content, among which the FAS, H-FABP, PPARγ, and ATGL genes had positive and negative effects on the process of IMF deposition in Taihang black goats.

FUNCTIONAL RECONSTRUCTION OF DENTO-PALATAL AND MAXILLARY DEFECT USING STAGED OPERATION OF PREFABRICATED SCAPULAR FREE FLAP AND DENTAL IMPLANTS (분층피부와 분말골로 이식 전 처리된 유리견갑골근피판과 임플란트 보철을 이용한 경구개와 상악골의 기능적 재건)

  • Lee, Jong-Ho;Kim, Myung-Jin;Park, Jong-Chul;Kim, Yung-Soo;Ahn, Kang-Min;Paeng, Jun-Young;Kim, Sung-Min;Myoung, Hoon;Hwang, Soon-Jung;Seo, Byoung-Moo;Choi, Jin-Young;Choung, Pill-Hoon
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
    • /
    • v.30 no.4
    • /
    • pp.301-307
    • /
    • 2004
  • The flap considered at first for the reconstruction of large maxillary defect, especially mid-face defect, is scapular free flap, because it provides ample composite tissue which can be designed 3-dimensionally for orbital, facial and oral reconstruction. In case of maxillary defect involving hard palate, however, this flap has some limitations. First, its bulk prevents oral function and physio-anatomic reconstruction of nasal and oral cavity. Second, mobility and thickness of cutaneous paddle covering the alveolar area reduce retention of tissue-supported denture and give rise to peri-implantitis when implant is installed. Third, lateral border of scapula that is to reconstruct maxillary arch and hold implants is straight, not U-shaped maxillary arch form. To overcome these problems, new concept of step prefabrication technique was provided to a 27-year-old male patient who had been suffering from a complete hard palate and maxillary alveolar ridge defect. In the first stage, scapular osteomuscular flap was elevated, tailored to fit the maxillary defect, particulated autologous bone was placed subperiosteally to simulate U-shaped alveolar process, and then wrapped up with split thickness skin graft(STSG, 0.3mm thickness). Two months later, thus prefabricated new flap was elevated and microtransferred to the palato-maxillary defect. After 6 months, 10 implant fixtures were installed along the reconstructed maxillary alveolus, with following final prosthetic rehabilitation. The procedure was very successful and patient is enjoying normal rigid diet and speech.

Preparation and characterization of protein isolate from Yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares roe by isoelectric solubilization/precipitation process

  • Lee, Hyun Ji;Lee, Gyoon-Woo;Yoon, In Seong;Park, Sung Hwan;Park, Sun Young;Kim, Jin-Soo;Heu, Min Soo
    • Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
    • /
    • v.19 no.3
    • /
    • pp.14.1-14.10
    • /
    • 2016
  • Isoelectric solubilization/precipitation (ISP) processing allows selective, pH-induced water solubility of proteins with concurrent separation of lipids and removal of materials not intended for human consumption such as bone, scales, skin, etc. Recovered proteins retain functional properties and nutritional value. Four roe protein isolates (RPIs) from yellowfin tuna roe were prepared under different solubilization and precipitation condition (pH 11/4.5, pH 11/5.5, pH 12/4.5 and pH 12/5.5). RPIs contained 2.3-5.0 % moisture, 79.1-87.8 % protein, 5.6-7. 4 % lipid and 3.0-3.8 % ash. Protein content of RPI-1 and RPI-2 precipitated at pH 4.5 and 5.5 after alkaline solubilization at pH 11, was higher than those of RPI-3 and RPI-4 after alkaline solubilization at pH 12 (P < 0.05). Lipid content (5.6-7.4 %) of RPIs was lower than that of freeze-dried concentrate (10.6 %). And leucine and lysine of RPIs were the most abundant amino acids (8.8-9.4 and 8.5-8.9 g/100 g protein, respectively). S, Na, P, K as minerals were the major elements in RPIs. SDS-PAGE of RPIs showed bands at 100, 45, 25 and 15 K. Moisture and protein contents of process water as a 2'nd byproduct were 98.9-99.0 and 1.3-1.8 %, respectively. Therefore, yellowfin tuna roe isolate could be a promising source of valuable nutrients for human food and animal feeds.

Bio-Conjugated Polycaprolactone Membranes: A Novel Wound Dressing

  • Cai, Elijah Zhengyang;Teo, Erin Yiling;Jing, Lim;Koh, Yun Pei;Qian, Tan Si;Wen, Feng;Lee, James Wai Kit;Hing, Eileen Chor Hoong;Yap, Yan Lin;Lee, Hanjing;Lee, Chuen Neng;Teoh, Swee-Hin;Lim, Jane;Lim, Thiam Chye
    • Archives of Plastic Surgery
    • /
    • v.41 no.6
    • /
    • pp.638-646
    • /
    • 2014
  • Background The combination of polycaprolactone and hyaluronic acid creates an ideal environment for wound healing. Hyaluronic acid maintains a moist wound environment and accelerates the in-growth of granulation tissue. Polycaprolactone has excellent mechanical strength, limits inflammation and is biocompatible. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of bio-conjugated polycaprolactone membranes (BPM) as a wound dressing. Methods 16 New Zealand white rabbits were sedated and local anaesthesia was administered. Two $3.0{\times}3.0cm$ full-thickness wounds were created on the dorsum of each rabbit, between the lowest rib and the pelvic bone. The wounds were dressed with either BPM (n=12) or Mepitel (n=12) (control), a polyamide-silicon wound dressing. These were evaluated macroscopically on the 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th postoperative days for granulation, re-epithelialization, infection, and wound size, and histologically for epidermal and dermal regeneration. Results Both groups showed a comparable extent of granulation and re-epithelialization. No signs of infection were observed. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in wound size between the two groups. BPM (n=6): $8.33cm^2$, $4.90cm^2$, $3.12cm^2$, $1.84cm^2$; Mepitel (n=6): $10.29cm^2$, $5.53cm^2$, $3.63cm^2$, $2.02cm^2$; at the 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th postoperative days. The extents of epidermal and dermal regeneration were comparable between the two groups. Conclusions BPM is comparable to Mepitel as a safe and efficacious wound dressing.

Traumatic Asphyxia with Compressive Thoracic Injuries -4 Cases Report- (흉부손상에 의한 외상성 가사 4예)

  • 김현순
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
    • /
    • v.13 no.3
    • /
    • pp.212-218
    • /
    • 1980
  • A severe crushing injury of the chest produce a very striking syndrome referred to as traumatic asphyxia. This syndrome is characterized by bluish-red discoloration of the skin which is limited to the distribution of the valveless veins of the head and neck. And also if it is characterized by bilateral subconjunctival hemorrhages and neurological manifestations. But these clinical entities faded away progressively in a few weeks. Apporximately 90% of the patients who live for more than a few hours will recover from traumatic asphyxia when it occurs as a single entity. And so, death results from either severe associated injuries of from subsequent infection, rather than from pulmonary or cardiac insufficiency in traumatic asphyxia. We have experienced 4 cases of traumatic asphyxia with severe crushing thoracic injuries at department of the chest surgery, Captial Armed forces General Hospital during about 3 years from April 1977 to Aug. 1980. The 1st 22 year-old male was struct 2$\frac{1}{2}$ ton truck on the road and was transferred to this hospital immediately. He had taken tracheostomy due to severe dyspnea with contusion pneumonia and for removal of a large amount of bronchial secretion. The 2nd case was 23 year-old male who was got buried in a chasm. In this case, the heavy metal post tumbled over him back while at work. The 3rd case was 39 year-old male who leapt out of a window in 5th story while fire broke out in living room by oil stove heating. He had multiple rib fracture with right hemothor x and right colle's fracture and pelvic bone fracture. The last 22 year-old male was run over by a gun carriage. The wheel of this gun carriage passed over his thorax and right chin. He was brought to this hospital by helicopter. when he was first examined at emergency room, he was in semicomatose state and has pneurmomediastinum with multiple rib fracture and severe subcutaneous emphysema. As soon as he arrived, bilateral closed thoracostomy was performed and cardiopulmonary resuscitation was done. In hospital 8th weeks, chest series showed fibrothorax in right side even if chest wall stabilized. All 4 cases had multiple petechiae over their facees and chest and bilateral subconjunctival hemorrhages referred to as traumatic asphyxia. 3 cases except one case who received splenectomy, had been suffered from contusion pneumonia and had been treated with respiratory care. In these 3 cases, they had warning of impending injury before accident, and took a deep breath hold it and braces himself. And also, even if he had not impending fear in remaining one case, he had taken a deep breath and had got valsalva maneuver for pulling off the heavy metal post. Intrathoracic pressure rose suddenly and resulted to traumatic asphyxia in this situation. All these cases were recovered completely without sequelae except one fibrothorax, right.

  • PDF

Digital Replantation in Industrial Punch Injuries (천공 펀치 기계에 의한 수지 절단부의 재접합술)

  • Lee, Kyu-Cheol;Lee, Dong-Chul;Kim, Jin-Soo;Ki, Sae-Hwi;Roh, Si-Young;Yang, Jae-Won
    • Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
    • /
    • v.19 no.1
    • /
    • pp.12-20
    • /
    • 2010
  • Purpose: Industrial punch accidents involving fingers cause segmental injuries to tendons and neurovascular bundles. Although multiple-level segmental amputations are not replanted to regain function, most patients with an amputated finger want to undergo replantation for cosmetic as much as functional reason. The authors describe four cases of digital amputation by an industrial punch that involved the reinstatement of the amputated finger involving a joint and neurovascular bundle. Amputated segments were replanted to restore amputated surfaces and distal segments. Methods: A single institution retrospective review was performed. Inclusion criteria of punch injuries requiring replantation were applied to patients of all demographic background. Injury extent (size, tissue involvement), operative intervention, pre- and postoperative hand function were recorded. Result: Four cases of amputations were treated at our institute from 2004 to 2008 from industrial punch machine injury. Average patient age was 32.5 years (25~39 years) and there were three males and one female. Sizes of amputated segments ranged from $1.0{\times}1.0{\times}1.2\;cm^3$ to $3{\times}1.5{\times}1.6\;cm^3$. Tenorrhaphy was conducted after fixing fractured bone of the amputated segments with K-wire. Proximal and distal arteries and veins were repaired using the through & through method. The average follow-up period was thirteen months (2~26 months), and all replanted cases survived. Osteomyelitis occurred in one case, skin grafting after debridement was performed in two cases. Because joints were damaged in all four cases, active ranges of motion were much limited. However, a secondary tendon graft enhanced digit function in two cases. The two-point discrimination test showed normal values for both static and dynamic tests for three cases and 9 mm and 15 mm by dynamic and static testing, respectively, in one case. Conclusion: Though amputations from industrial punch machines are technically challenging to replant, our experience has shown it to be a valid therapy. In cases involving punch machine injury, if an amputated segment is available, the authors recommend that replantation be considered for preservation of finger length, joint mobility, and overall functional recovery of the hand.

  • PDF