• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.458-464
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• 2011

Purpose: Metacarpal fractures are common hand injury that may require operative intervention to ensure adequate reduction and stabilization. Traditionally, titanium miniplate was used for rigid fixation of bone fractures. However, the use of permanent plate lends itself to multiple complications such as infection, exposure of the hardware, tendon adhesions, tendon rupture, prolonged pain, bony atrophy and osteoporosis (stress shielding), metal sensitization, and palpation under the skin. This study evaluated the usefulness and stability of biodegradable plates and screws for treatment of metacarpal bone fractures. Methods: There was 17 patients who had surgery for metacarpal bone fracture from April 2007 to June 2010. All patients had open reduction and internal fixation. We used absorbable plates and screws (Inion CPS$^{(R)}$) for internal fixation. Postoperative results were assessed with x-ray. Stability of plates and screws, healing process and its complications were observed by clinical and radiographic assessment. Results: All patients were successfully reduced of bone fracture, and fixations with absorbable plates and screws were stable. The mean follow up period was 7.1 months. 2 patients complained postoperative pain, but they were relieved with analgesics. All patients experienced transient stiffness, but they were relieved with active assistive range of motion after removal of splint. No patients suffered complications which could be occurred by using metallic plate. Conclusion: There was no critical complications such as re-fracture or nonunion among patients. No patients suffered side effects related with metallic implants. Biodegradable implants can offer clinically stable and attractive alternative to metallic implants to stabilize metacarpal bone fractures in the hand.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.34-37
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• 2001

The injury on the dorsum of foot is usually manifested in the defect of bone and soft tissue, so its reconstruction requires composite tissue. Free flap satisfies this defect but its indication is determined by the defect size, recipient status and so on. Iliac crest bone and fibular bone are useful bone flap but in more than 8cm defect, fibular flap is more useful. The drawback of fibular free flap is the absence of soft-tissue coverage, so another local flap and myocutaneous flap must be added. Fibula-hemisoleus ostemusculocutaneous free flap has been used for the reconstruction of upper and lower extremity. Its advantages are one stage operation, one donor site and the flexibility of the reconstruction with the use of muscle, bone, and skin. This flap has never been reported for the reconstruction of dorsum of foot. In our case, 20-year-old woman was referred with the 17 cm defect of 1st metatarsal bone and $16{\times}8cm$ sized soft tissue loss on the dorsum of the right foot. We reconstructed successfully the dorsum of foot with fibula-hemisoleus osteomusculocutaneous free flap and the patient can walk without crutches after 6 monthes.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.588-593
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• 2008

There are increasing reports regarding regeneration of the defected tissues using tissue engineering technique. In this technique, multipotential stem cells are essential. There are many potential sources of adult stem cells, such as bone marrow, umbilical cord blood, fat, muscle, dental tissues and skin. Among them, skin is highly accessible and easily obtained with a minimum of donor site complications. Moreover, skin is an abundant adult stem cell sources and has the potential for self-replication and immune privilege. In this study, we isolated skin-derived precursor cells (SKPs) from the ear of adult miniature pigs. In these SKPs, the expression of transcriptional factors, Oct-4, Sox-2, and Nanog were detected by RT-PCR. In vitro osteogenesis and adipogenesis were observed at 3 weeks after transdifferentiations as assayed by positive von Kossa and Oil-red O staining, respectively. In addition, expression of osteocalcin and osteonectin in the osteogenic differentiation medium and $PPAR{\gamma}2$ and aP2 in the adipogenic differentiation medium were detected by RT-PCR. In vitro neurogenesis of porcine SKPs was observed during 24 and 72 hours after treatment of neurogenic differentiation medium. The results of this study suggest that SKPs demonstrate the properties of pluripotence or multipotence and multi-lineage differentiation. This indicates that autogenous SKPs are a reliable and useful source of adult stem cells for regenerative medicine.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.245-253
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• 2012

Collagen tripeptide (CTP) is a functional food material with several biological effects such as improving dry skin and wound and bone fracture healing. This study focused on the anti-photoaging effects of CTP on a hairless mouse model. To evaluate the effects of CTP on UVB-induced skin wrinkle formation in vivo, the hairless mice were exposed to UVB radiation with oral administration of CTP for 14 weeks. Compared with the untreated UVB control group, mice treated with CTP showed significantly reduced wrinkle formation, skin thickening, and transepidermal water loss (TEWL). Skin hydration and hydroxyproline were increased in the CTP-treated group. Moreover, oral administration of CTP prevented UVB-induced MMP-3 and -13 activities as well as MMP-2 and -9 expressions. Oral administration of CTP increased skin elasticity and decreased abnormal elastic fiber formation. Erythema was also decreased in the CTP-treated group. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that CTP has potential as an anti-photoaging agent.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 1981

Bone scans with $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ (methylene diphosphonate) were obtained and analysed in 574 patients with biopsy-proven malignancy, who visited Seoul National University Hospital from April, 1979 to June, 1931. Clinical staging was done in all patients without bone scan information and compared with bone scan to determine the predictive value of bone scanning. 1. Primary site of the maligancies were lung in 152, breast in 97, stomach in 43, colon in 15, esophagus in 9, liver and pancreas in 11, kidney in 14, bladder in 27, prostate in 22, thyroid in 20, skin in 11, bone in 9, head and neck in 36, ovary and uterus in 17, hematopoietic and lymphoretic ular system in 33, nervous system in 10, and others in 9 cases. Primary site was not defined in 39 cases. 2. Bone scans were positive in 186 cases (32.4%), which, included 48 cases (31.6%) of lung cancer, 27 cases (27.8%) of breast cancer, 12 cases(28%) of stomach cancer, 6 cases(40%) of colon cancer, 6 cases(43%) of kidney tumor, 4 cases(15%) of bladder cancer, 14 cases(64%) of prostate cancer, 3 cases(15%) of thyroid cancer and 66 other cases. 3. Bone scans were suspicious in 64 cases (11.2%) which included 29 cases (19.1%) of lung cancer, 10 cases (10.3%) of breast cancer, 4 cases (9.3%) of stomach cancer, one case (7%) of colon cancer, 3 cases(11%) of bladder cancer, 2 cases(10%) of thyroid cancer and 15 other cases. 4. Out of 121 cases with early stage of malignancy (which included 20 cases of lung cancer in stage I, II, 38 cases of breast cancer, 13 cases of stomach cancer, 8 cases of kidney tumor, 14 cases of thyroid cancer in stage $I{\sim}III$, and 6 cases of colon cancer, 14 cases of bladder cancer, 8 cases of prostate cancer in stage $A{\sim}C$, bone scans were positive in 5 cases (4.1%) which included 3 cases of lung cancer one case of breast cancer and one case of prostate cancer, and considered as further advanced stage. Out of 121 cases with early stage of malgnancy, bone scans were suspicious in 21 cases (17.4%) which inlcuded 9 cases of lung cancer, 4 cases of breast cancer, 2 cases of stomach cancer, one case of colon cancer, 3 cases of bladder cancer, and 2 cases of thyroid cancer. From these results, we concluded bone scan was useful in detecting bone metastasis in patients of early stage of malignancy, determining prognosis and establishing therapentic plan.

• Journal of Ship and Ocean Technology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2007

This study introduces the development of robot fish ROFI 1.1. Today, robot fish is one of strong candidates for next-generation UUV. The present paper describes the design, manufacturing, and operation tests of the robot fish developed at Seoul National University. The very first robot fish in Korea, ROFI 1.1 is operated by a wireless remote controller. Its overall length is 680mm, and weight is 8.8kg. The fore body contains main mechanical and electrical systems and is covered by a FRP skin. The aft body has a mechanical bone system that mimics fish bones, and its skin is made of flexible silicon sponge to allow elastic motion for propulsion. It is found that this mechanical system creates effective and realistic fish-like swimming mode. It is observed that the normal and maximum advancing speeds of ROFI 1.1 are about 1 and 2 m/sec, and the turning radius is between $0.7{\sim}2.5m$, depending on the turning mechanism.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.86-89
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• 1997

Neurofibromatosis, now termed neurofibromatosis type I, is known as a congenital and familial disease presenting abnormalities of the skin, nervous system, bones, and soft tissue. We experienced a case of extremely large neurofibromatosis which developed on the orbital and temporal region of a 24-year-old man. The tumor was widely excised including normal skin margin, outer table of cranium, a part of zygoma and maxilla. Bony defect was reconstructed by rib bone graft and secondary cosmetic correction of blepharoptosis was performed using supratarsal fixation in postoperative 6 months.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.779-782
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• 2013

Chondroblastomas are rare entities accounting for approximately 1% of all primary bone tumors. We describe a case of a 7-year-old girl with a giant chondroblastoma of the maxilla, treated with bilateral class III maxillectomy and reconstruction with a double-barreled and double skin paddle fibular free flap. We show evidence of an excellent aesthetic outcome at 6 months' follow up with no evidence of tumor recurrence.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.1019-1024
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• 2013

The aims of this study were to determine antioxidation effect and neuroblastoma cell protection effect of donkey's bone and skin extracts (DBSE). DBSE was extracted by a pressure-cooker for 48 h and lyophilized. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity was significantly increased with increased doses of DBSE and 40 mg/ml of DBSE showed 95.43% of the DPPH scavenging effect, which was equivalent to 1 mg/ml of vitamin C. The 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6- sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity was also increased in a dose-dependent manner, and 20 mg/ml of DBSE showed 88.73% of the ABTS scavenging effect. The oxygen radical absorbance capacity (${\mu}M$ Trolox equivalent) of DBSE was significantly increased at a concentration of 10 mg/ml, which showed $132.53{\mu}M$ TE. The viability of oxidatively stressed brain cells induced by $500{\mu}M\;H_2O_2$ was protected by DBSE at concentrations greater than $50{\mu}M$. Cell viability after DBSE treatment at 50 and $100{\mu}g/ml$ was 53.78 and $54.34{\mu}M$ TE, respectively. There was no significant difference between both doses; however, 200 and $500{\mu}g/ml$ of DBSE showed 59.74 and 66.08% of cell viability, respectively indicating that DBSE protected SK-N-SH from oxidation stress. These results suggest that DBSE may have potential to be used as natural antioxidants in food industry, while in vivo evidence is necessary to support DBSE's in vitro-based antioxidative efficiency.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.75-79
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• 2000

The foot plays a vital role in standing and gait. This function results from harmonious interaction of bones, joints, and soft tissue. An imbalance or a defect in such structures can lead to impaired function of the foot. The mid foot, composed of cunieforms, navicular and cuboid bone, plays a vital role in maintaining longitudinal and transverse arches and injury or defects to this region can cause instability of the foot. This paper reports a case of complex foot injury; soft tissue defect of dorsum of foot, and medial and intermediate cuneiform bone defect, reconstructed in a single stage using vascularized osteocutaneous fibular free flap. Segmented to fit the defects of medial and intermediate cuneiform bones and a skin paddle providing adequate coverage, restored the stability to the arches and function of the midfoot. The fibula osteocutaneous free flap has appealing characteristics for reconstruction of the foot and the complex mid foot injuries can be considered to the long list of indications.