• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.36-39
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• 2000

A small electrical potential difference which appears on any solid body when subjected to illumination by a modulated light beam generated by laser is called photocharge voltage(PCV)[1,2]. This voltage is proportional to the induced change in the surface electrical charge and is capacitatively measured on various materials such as conductors, semiconductors, ceramics, dielectrics and biological objects. The amplitude of the detected signal depends on the type of material under investigation, and on the surface properties of the sample. In photocharge voltage spectroscopy measurements[3], the sample is illuminated by both a steady state monochromatic bias light and the pulsed laser. The monochromatic light is used to created a variation in the steady state population of trap levels in the surface and space charge region of semiconductor samples which does result in a change in the measured voltage. Using this technique the spatial variation of PCV can be utilized to evaluate the surface conditions of the sample and the variation of the PCV due to the monochromatic bias light are utilized to characterize the surface states. A qualitative analysis of the proposed measurement is present along with experimental results performed on amorphous silicon samples. The deposition temperature was varied in order to obtain samples with different structural, optical and electronic properties and measurements are related to the defect density in amorphous thin film.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.63-77
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• 1992

The purpose of this study is to improve clothing construction by analyzing form variation of upper trunk & upper arms with the use of plaster cast. Experimental research was performed by plaster gypsum method. The subjects were males between age 21 and 25, classified Standard somatotype by their bust size and Rorher Index. Arm movements were consisted of 5 types(0$^{\circ}$, 45$^{\circ}$, 90$^{\circ}$, 135$^{\circ}$, 180$^{\circ}$) to each vertical motion in front. The statistical analyses used in this study were mean, standard deviation, repeated mesure design. The result obtained from this study were as follows; 1. As a result of investigating into the rate of the expantion and contraction of basic body-surfact-lines, the side seam length showed the maxium rate of expantion in 180$^{\circ}$ degrees, the shoulder length showed the maxium contraction in the same degrees. 2. The variation of the upper part of the body form by increasing the upper limb motions, shoulder point was moved to be the inside or upside. And the anterior armfit point, posterior armfit point and armfit point were moved to upside. The form of the armhole-line in Drafts of a body surface was differently changed by increasing the movements. 3. Increasing the upper limb motions, the height of sleeve cap decresed and width of the sleeve decreased but girths of the sleeve cap was not show consistant change.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.67 no.3
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• pp.81-98
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to provide basic information for the development of pants patterns with a high level of fit and comfort through calculating surface variations of lower body parts by movement, grouping them into factors, and analyzing how their surface variations link to one another. The achieved results will help determine essential elements for constructing pants patterns, such as key measurements of lower body parts, the amount of ease values and selection of fabrics, which should be taken into consideration for allowing better movement in clothing. The study required lower body 3D scanning of women for analysis, and 13 women between the ages of 20-24 participated in the scanning, which was done by using Artec Eva 3D scanner. Their scanned data were digitalized and converted to measure the values of their lower body surface length and girth in pre-determined positions such as walking, stair climbing and sitting on a chair. These measurements have been statistically analyzed through SPSS 21.0 to obtain the average amounts and rates of extension for each of the measurement item. Some of the highlighted study results are as follows: The surface length and girth measurements were grouped into 4 factors based on their average extension rates. The results from correlation analysis between measurement items within each factor demonstrated that common items linked to all the changes in the values of other items in the three movements. But in most cases, items were not always correlated with each other for different movements. The results also showed that there were correlations between girth measurements, length measurements, and girth and length measurements. Therefore, key measurements for daily pants should be determined within reasonable estimations between relevant measurement items, while the measurements for work pants, which often withstand certain postures or repetitive movements, may require measurement items that are appro priate for, and closely related to, certain movements or tasks.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.155-160
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• 2021

In this paper, we investigated the aptness of embroidered textile dipole antenna as a wearable antenna. We designed an 2.45GHz ISM band embroidered textile dipole antenna on polyester textile. We investigated its characteristics depends on 3 variables, thickness of textile(ttextile), distance between textile and surface of body(gbody) and conductance of surface of body(𝜎body). Thickness of textile(ttextile) was affecting on the antenna resonance frequency(fo). As the conductance of surface of body(𝜎body) was increased the antenna resonance frequency(fo) and the antenna gain were increased slightly. The increment of the distance between textile and surface of body(gbody) caused relatively large increment of the antenna resonance frequency(fo) and the antenna gain. From the results, in the case of designing an embroidered textile dipole antenna as a wearable antenna we should consider carefully the two variables, distance between textile and surface of body(gbody) and thickness of textile(ttextile). Due to its large variation, the distance between textile and surface of body(gbody) may be a technical barrier in designing embroidered textile dipole antenna.

• Journal of Ship and Ocean Technology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 1999

Numerical simulation for the axisymmetric body with contractive and dilative periodic motion is carried out. The present analysis shows that a propulsive force can be obtained in highly viscous fluid by the contractive and dilative motion of axisymmetric body. An axisymmetric code is developed with unstructured grid system for the simulation of complicated motion and geometry. It is validated by comparing with the results of Stokes approximation with the problem of uniform flow past a sphere in low Reynolds number($R_n$ = 1). The validated code is applied to the simulation of contractive and dilative periodic motion of body whose results are quantitatively compared with the two dimensional case. The simulation is extended to the analysis of waving surface with projecting part for finding out the difference of hydrodynamics performance according to variation of waving surface configuration. The present study will be the basic research for the development of the propulsor of an axisymmetric micro-hydro-machine.

• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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• 1993.04a
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• pp.145-145
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• 1993

In bicycle design, saddle is the major part which effects the subjective comfort of rider. This study examines the correlation between the subjective comfort and elastic body pressure. The elastic body pressure measuring instrument for free-form surface such as saddle is developed by force sensor register, A/D converter and computer. The subjective comfort is measured quantit- atively by 11-point scale method and the elastic body pressure distribution is obtained through 3 different saddles at 4 postures. The pressure distribution is presented by computerized equi- pressure contour. While mean pressure, standard deviation of pressure, maximum pressure are inversely proportional to subjective comfort, the modified saddle-bearing weight which is the surface integral of pressure is directly proportional. Consequently, standard deviation of pressure is most important characteristic which affects variation of subjective comfort.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2012

This paper describes a compact and novel wireless vital sign sensor at 2.4 GHz that can detect heartbeat and respiration signals. The oscillator circuit incorporates a planar resonator, which functions as a series feedback element as well as a near-field radiator. The periodic movement of a human body during aerobic exercise could cause an input impedance variation of the radiator within near-field range. This variation results in a corresponding change in the oscillation frequency and this change has been utilized for the sensing of human vital signs. In addition, a surface acoustic wave (SAW) filter and power detector have been used to increase the system sensitivity and to transform the frequency variation into a voltage waveform. The experimental results show that the proposed sensor placed 20 mm away from a human body can detect the vital signs very accurately.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.943-954
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to analyze the breast growth variation trends and characteristics of Korean adolescent girls based on 3D body measurements. Subjects were 174 girls aged between 13 and 18. 3D body scanning data were collected and the data were measured by Geomagic Design X program. The total of 18 anthropometric measurements and 4 index items were analyzed. The main results of this study are as follows: 1) Overall, the breast growth of adolescent girls got out of children's body shapes at the age of 14 and the adult's body shapes appeared remarkably at the age of 18. Before the age of 15, the adolescent girls' breast enlarged. 2) The surface lengths of upper body, which means the breast volume, showed significant growth above B cup groups rather than under A cup groups. The demand of B cup size (32.2%) was higher than A cup size (25.9%). And 35.6% of subjects' brassiere band size was 70. 3) The thorax grew evenly in the circumference, depth and breadth. The thoracic development related to the breast volume as well as the whole upper body's development. These results reveal that it is necessary to develop adolescent girls' brassiere reflecting on adolescent girls' breast growth variation trends and characteristics by age, breast size and thoracic development.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.116-129
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to research on changes of body surface according to golf movements in designs of golf slacks pattern and reflect it to designs of golf slacks pattern to enhance adaptability. For the first stage of this study, length of body surface was analyzed by using 3D body shape. In second stage, analysis of wearing test of golf slacks is performed to extract major pattern design factor of golf slacks and then research patterns were designed. In third stage, 4 differently designed 1st, 2nd slacks were used for analysis of 3D Clothing air volume. The results of this research is as follow. The variation rate of body surface length according to golf swing posture resulted the longest on back swing posture and follow through posture. Waist circumference-omphalion, thigh and ankle circumference increased more than 10% of body surface during golf swing. Front waist circumference-omphalion, right waist to hip length, left waist to hip length and right back center length were decreased more than 10%. As a result of analysis on measurements of 1st slacks pattern design, waist front center getting in values, waist front center going down value, front hip width, and front crotch extension had similar industrial pattern design. Back center line angle, back crotch extension, and knee center point~back waist center point had significant differences. The designs and ease proposed for golf slacks pattern in this study are waist circumference 75.5 cm(1.8 cm, 2.38%), hip circumference 95 cm(2 cm, 2.11%), crotch length(front: -0.8 cm, -1.25%; rear: -1.8 cm, -2.83%), slacks length 96c m, gradient of C.B.L $10^{\circ}$, crotch extension (back 9.2~10.4 cm, front 3.2 cm).

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.651-657
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• 2007

This study was carried out to analyse body configuration and to observe any space between skin and foundation. A special 3D scanner was used to analyze this foundation. Experimental foundations were brassiere, girdle, and all-in-one. Four subjects volunteered, each subject was scanned while wearing foundation and not wearing foundation. Body shape variations were analyzed with an Auto CAD and ScanWax program which analyzes cross section of the skin surface to look for any changes. Height was increased all parts of body, circumference was increased in breast and bust while wearing the foundation. The hip thickness was not increased with wearing the foundation. Therefore this foundation makes people have a different appearance due to unexpected body shape variations. The effects of this foundation should be classified by observing height, circumference, and thickness changes in the body.