• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.227-238
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• 2017

급성 심정지는 갑작스러운 심장 기능의 상실로 인하여 수 분 안에 뇌를 비롯하여 온 몸에 혈액 공급이 되지 않아 사망으로 이어지는 대표적인 중증응급질환이다. 특히 병원 밖에서 발생하는 병원외 심정지 환자는 생존율이 매우 낮다. 그 이유는 갑작스런 발병으로 인해 주변사람들이 심정지 환자라는 것을 인식하지 못할 뿐만 아니라 인식한다 하더라도 전문 의료지식이 없어 정확한 응급조치를 취하는 것이 어렵기 때문이다. 기존의 심정지 관련 연구는 대부분 심정지 발생 후의 치료법 방안에 집중되어 있었으나, 이는 근본적인 문제해결이 어려워 생존율을 높이는데 한계가 있었다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 본 논문에서는 널리 보급된 스마트폰을 활용하여 급성 심정지 환자를 위한 알림, 사전예방, 응급조치 등의 기능을 갖춘 솔루션을 개발하였다. 이 솔루션을 활용하면 급성 심정지를 사전에 예방할 수 있고, 설사 발병한다고 하더라도 주변사람에게 신속하게 알려 최대한 골든타임(4분)을 지킬 수 있으며, 1차 발견자가 신속하고 정확한 심폐소생술을 실시할 수 있어 생존율을 한층 더 높일 것으로 기대한다.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.162-169
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• 2009

Pure titanium and its alloys are drastically used in implant materials due to their excellent mechanical properties, high corrosion resistance and good biocompatibility. However, the widely used Ti-6Al-4V is found to release toxic ions (Al and V) into the body, leading to undesirable long-term effects. Ti-6Al-4V has much higher elastic modulus than cortical bone. Therefore, titanium alloys with low elastic modulus have been developed as biomaterials to minimize stress shielding. For this reason, Ti-30Ta-xZr alloy systems have been studied in this study. The Ti-30Ta containing Zr(5, 10 and 15 wt%) were 10 times melted to improve chemical homogeneity by using a vacuum furnace and then homogenized for 24 hrs at $1000^{\circ}C$. The specimens were cut and polished for corrosion test and Ti coating and then coated with TiN, respectively, by using DC magnetron sputtering method. The analyses of coated surface were carried out by field emission scanning electron microscope(FE-SEM). The electrochemical characteristics were examined using potentiodynamic (- 1500 mV~+ 2000 mV) and AC impedance spectroscopy(100 kHz~10 mHz) in 0.9% NaCl solution at $36.5{\pm}1^{\circ}C$. The equiaxed structure was changed to needle-like structure with increasing Zr content. The surface defects and structures were covered with TiN/Ti coated layer. From the polarization behavior in 0.9% NaCl solution, The corrosion current density of Ti-30Ta-xZr alloys decreased as Zr content increased, whereas, the corrosion potential of Ti-30Ta-xZr alloys increased as Zr content increased. The corrosion resistance of TiN/Ti-coated Ti-30Ta-xZr alloys were higher than that of the TiN-coated Ti-30Ta-xZr alloys. From the AC impedance in 0.9% NaCl solution, polarization resistance($R_p$) value of TiN/Ti coated Ti-30Ta-xZr alloys showed higher than that of TiN-coated Ti-30Ta-xZr alloys.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.311-327
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• 2009

This study was performed to determine the health and nutritional risk factors associated with hypertension in Koreans over the age of 50 in a high-income class (more than twice as much family income as the 2005 Korean minimum cost of living, 668,540 Won). A total of 505 subjects aged over 50 from the 2005 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) were divided into two groups: A hypertension group (HG) (N=151, Systolic Blood Pressure ${\geq}$140 mmHg or Diastolic Blood Pressure ${\geq}$90 mmHg) and normal group (NG) (N=354). Subjects who took hypertension medicines or underwent diet therapy were excluded. In HG, mean daily alcohol intake and the amount of alcohol consumption per one occasion were significantly higher than in NG, respectively. A greater number of hypertension subjects answered that they drank alcohol to reduce stress as compared to normal subjects. HG also took fewer dietary supplements than NG. Mean body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, fasting blood sugar level, and 2 hour postprandial blood sugar following a glucose load were significantly higher in HG than in NG, respectively. Also, iron, thiamin, and niacin intakes and the consumption frequency of seaweeds were significantly lower in HG than in NG, respectively. Finally, obesity (BMI ${\geq}$25 $kg/m^2$), abdominal obesity (waist circumference ${\geq}$90 cm for males, ${\geq}$ 80 cm for females), high blood sugar level 2 hours after an oral glucose load (${\geq}$140~200 mg/dl), and hypertriglyceridemia (serum TG ${\geq}$200 mg/dl) were related to a significantly higher risk of hypertension in the subjects (odds ratio: 1.884~3.040). In conclusion, dietary factors such as higher alcohol consumption; lower intakes of iron, thiamin, and niacin; lower consumption frequency of seaweeds; and metabolic syndrome were associated with hypertension in the study subjects.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.73-79
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• 2018

일차 섬모(primary cilia)는 세포에서 안테나처럼 돌출되어 나온 기관인데, 외부 자극에 반응할 수 있는 각종 수용체와 채널, 신호 전달 인자들을 가지고 있다. 피부는 자외선, 온도, 습도, 중력, 장력 등 외부 환경에 반응하여 멜라닌이나 콜라겐을 만들고 피부 장벽을 형성한다. 피부에서는 일차 섬모가 없으면 헤어의 생성이나 각질의 분화가 억제된다는 보고가 있다. 또한 피부 색소 생성과 관련하여서는 일차 섬모가 sonic hedgehog-smoothened-GLI2 신호 전달에 의해 활성화되면 멜라닌 생성이 억제된다는 것이 알려져 있다. 피부가 자외선을 받으면 멜라닌 생성 호르몬의 양이 증가하고 멜라닌 생성 호르몬은 멜라닌 생성 세포 내 cAMP의 양을 증가시켜 멜라닌 생성 효소의 발현을 높인다. 이에 멜라닌 생성 호르몬과 세포 내 cAMP의 양을 증가시키는 물질을 처리하여 멜라닌 생성을 높였을 때 일차 섬모의 변화를 확인한 결과 일차 섬모가 감소하는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 기존 미백 원료인 유용성 감초 추출물(an ethanol extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra (EGG) root)과 Melasolv (3,4,5-trimethoxy cinnamate thymol ester (TCTE))가 일차 섬모의 발현을 증가시키고 멜라닌 생성 효소인 tyrosinase의 발현을 억제함을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 일차 섬모를 조절할 수 있다면 피부 색소 침착을 효과적으로 조절할 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.527-538
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• 2002

Body antioxidant status is an important factor in the prevention of many chronic diseases caused by oxidative stress, especially in the elderly and is affected by health-related habits, such as smoking, drinking and regular physical activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between these health-related habits and plasma antioxidant status in the elderly. Plasma antioxidant status was examined by determining plasma levels of antioxidant vitamins (vitamin C, A, E, $\beta$ -carotene), total antioxidant status (TAS) and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) . The subjects included 225 elderly persons aged over 60 yews (63 males, 162 females) living in the Ulsan area. They were interviewed to collect data on their general characteristics and health behaviors such as smoking, exercise and alcohol consumption by means of questionnaires. Their dietary intakes were obtained by means of semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) The study population was divided into two or three groups according to their smoking, drinking, and exercise status. The ratio of smoker, drinker and exerciser was 16.7%, 31.0% and 44.2% respectively. The dietary antioxidant vitamin intakes were not significantly different among groups of smoking and drinking status, but tended to be higher in non-smokers and non-drinkers than in smokers and drinkers. Plasma vitamin C and $\beta$ -carotene levels were significantly higher in non-smokers, but Plasma vitamin A and TBARS levels were significantly lower in non-smokers than in smokers. Plasma TAS was not significantly different among the smoking groups, but showed a tendency to decrease with an increase in the number of packyear. Plasma vitamin C and $\beta$ -carotene levels of the non-drinkers were higher than those of drinkers and past-drinkers, but plasma vitamin A, C, E, TAS and TBARS showed no difference among the groups of drinker. All vitamin intakes of the exercisers were slightly higher than those of the non-exercisers, but vitamin C intake was significantly higher in female exercisers than in non-exercisers. Plasma $\beta$ -carotene levels were significantly higher in male exercisers and plasma vitamin A, C, E, TAS and TBARS levels tended to be higher in exercisers than in non-exercisers. These results suggested that change to non-smoker, modulation of alcohol consumption and regular exercise could enhance antioxidant defences against reactive oxygen species and might increase the likelihood of a healthier life span.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.822-830
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze effects of a community-based case management program for clients with hypertension living in the community. Methods: The research design was a one group pre and post-test design with 30 participants with hypertension who agreed to participate in the 8-12 week case management program provided by case managers from the National Health Insurance Corporation in 2002. Data were collected three times, before and after the case management services, and 6 months later. Outcomes included changes in blood pressure, knowledge of hypertension and daily life practices, including alcohol consumption, smoking, exercise, and medication adherence. Results: Repeated-measures ANOVA and post-hoc tests of means revealed significant differences before and after service for systolic blood pressure, daily life practices (monitoring body weight and BP, low salt and cholesterol and high vegetable diet, and stress-relief practices), and exercise. The goal for medication adherence was attained after service. Significant improvements from baseline to 6 months after service were observed in measures of salt and vegetables in diet. There were no significant differences on hypertension knowledge, alcohol consumption or smoking behavior between before service and after, and at 6 months. Conclusion: The findings provide preliminary evidence that case management intervention can have positive outcomes on BP control, daily life practices, exercise, and medication adherence for clients with hypertension. However, additional interventions are needed to sustain long-term effects.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제12권10호
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• pp.467-476
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• 2014

본 연구는 한국청소년의 정신건강이 비만에 미치는 영향을 파악하고자 하는데 있다. 연구 자료는 2013년 6월 1일부터 6월 30일까지, 12세에서 18세까지의 70,354명 청소년(남학생 35,575명, 여학생 34,779명)을 대상으로 한 2013청소년건강행태온라인조사 자료를 이용하였다. 변수는 연령, 가정의 경제상태, 학업성적, 건강상태, 행복감, 스트레스, 수면충족, 우울감, 자살생각을 사용하였고, 자료는 t-test, chi square test와 로지스틱 회귀분석으로 분석하였다. 한국 청소년 남학생과 여학생 모두의 비만에 영향을 미치는 일반적 특성 변수는 연령(p<0.001), 가정의 경제상태(p<0.001), 학업성적(p<0.001), 건강상태(p<0.001)였으며, 비만에 영향을 미치는 정신건강변수는 여학생의 자살생각(p<0.05)이었다. 청소년 비만 프로그램 운영 시 여학생의 자살생각 경험은 비만 가능성을 예측하는 정보로 이용되어질 수 있을 것이며, 연령에 맞는 비만 교육과 성별 및 경제 상태를 고려한 비만 지도가 포함되어야 할 것이다.

• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.44-52
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• 2018

Objective : The present study had examined the psychiatric symptoms and physical health consequences for the bereaved parents of the high school students who died in the 2014 Sewol ferry accident. Methods : Forty bereaved parents participated in the study. The authors administered self-report questionnaires about the parents' health behaviors and psychiatric symptoms. The authors also conducted laboratory tests to assess the parents' physical health at 18 and 30 months after the accident. Univariate descriptive statistics were performed to report the prevalence and severity of psychiatric symptoms and health-related behaviors. Paired t-test and Mcnemar test were performed to compare the 18-and 30-month findings. Correlation analysis between psychiatric symptoms and laboratory findings were performed to find a relationship between the two variables. Results : At 30 months after the accident, most of the bereaved parents still appeared to suffer from complicated grief (97.5%), post traumatic stress disorder (80%), insomnia (77.5%) and severe depression (62.5%) based on the scores on the Inventory of Complicated Grief (ICG), the PTSD Check List-5 (PCL-5), the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). One quarter of the bereaved parents reported high-risk drinking, and 47.5% reported increased drinking amount and frequency after the accident. In objective laboratory results, 55% of the bereaved parents were obese as defined by body mass index ${\geq}25$. The parents' mean low-density lipoprotein shows a significant increase over time (118.5 mg/dL at 18 months. vs. 132.5 mg/dL at 30 months. paired t-test t=-4.061, $$p{\leq_-}0.001$$). Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein at 30 months after the accident were in clinically borderline high range. In correlation analysis, triglyceride was positively correlated with ISI. Conclusion : The loss of children in the Sewol ferry accident, a disaster caused by human error, continued to have considerable impact on the victims' parents' mental and physical health 18 and 30 months after the accident. A longitudinal study following the parents' physical health would be necessary to investigate the long-term effects of this traumatic experience on physical health.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2012

척추관 협착증은 감압술과 융합술 그리고 인공추간판 치환술 등이 있으며, 2000년대 중반부터는 인공추간판 치환술이 널리 시술되고 있다. 인공추간판의 연구는 추간판의 자유도 및 추체의 굴곡-신전, 측굴전, 축회전에 대한 해석이 핵심기술이지만, 시술 후 수년이 경과하여 발생하는 피로파손이 새롭게 큰 문제점으로 대두되고 있다. 따라서 인공추간판 연구는 슬라이딩 코어의 피로특성 및 내구성 향상에 집중되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 세계적으로 가장 많이 사용되는 인공추간판 제품(SB Charit$\acute{e}$ III)을 기초로 유한요소모델을 제작하고, 슬라이딩 코어의 곡률반경과 마찰계수의 변화가 von-Mises 응력과 접촉압력에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 이와 같은 결과를 바탕으로 새로운 인공추간판 모델들 (Model-I, -II, -III)을 제안하고 일정수명 후 발생할 수 있는 슬라이딩 코어의 피로파손 거동에 대해 SB Charit$\acute{e}$ III의 결과와 비교 평가하였다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.25-36
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• 2020

Objective : Reflux esophagitis is a disease caused by the reflux of gastric acid and inflammation due to unstable gastroesophageal sphincter. The aim of the present study was to clarify the effect of Phellodendri Cortex (PC) on chronic reflux esophagitis (CRE) in rats. Methods : The anti-oxidant activity of PC was measured by total polyphenol, total flavonoid contents, 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and 2, 2'-azinobis-3-ethyl-enzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity. A CRE was established surgically in SD rats. And then CRE rats were treated with water or PC 200 mg/kg body weight for 14 days. Besides, the anti-oxidant and inflammatory protein levels were evaluated using western blotting. Results : PC reduced esophagus tissues injury. The total polyphenol (36.05 ± 0.25 mg/g) and total flavonoid (72.90 ± 0.61 mg/g) of PC showed a high content. PC strongly reduced radical scavenging activities (DPPH IC₅₀ 43.58 ± 1.54 ㎍/㎖; ABTS IC₅₀ 36.75 ± 0.35 ㎍/㎖). Moreover, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and peroxynitrite (ONOO^-) levels in serum, the protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS) were significantly reduced. In addition, the protein expression of NADPH oxidases related to oxidative stress were significantly reduced in PC compared to CRE control. PC effectively reduced inflammatory factors including, TNF-α, and IL-6 via NF-κBp65 inactivation through the inhibition of p-IκBα and increased anti-oxidant enzyme such as HO-1, SOD, catalase, and GPx-1/2 via Nrf2 activation. Conclusions : Taken together, these results show that PC can alleviate the esophageal mucosal ulcer though the inhibition of NF-κB inflammatory and the enhancement of Nrf2 anti-oxidant pathway.