• 영어영문학
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.639-666
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• 2010

Meditation on Christ's body is peculiar to late medieval female mysticism. The somatic meditation on Christ basically derives from the Incarnation, but the female mystics focused more on the Passion and the Eucharist, i.e., Christ's bleeding and feeding. Then, female body structure and the gender role of nurturing were combined to make facile her imitatio Christi, because the female body was aptly identified with Christ's body. The blood flowing in the side of Christ was often in medieval graphics and texts identified with a mother's milk for a baby to suck. Wound and food, suffering and nourishing, were inseparable in Christ's and the female mystics' body. Thus, in late medieval female mystical practice, it is important to note, first, female mystics' bodily pain was not to be cured but endured; second, that not only did a female mystic eat Christ's body, but her own body was to be "eaten" by poor neighbors, just as Christ gave his own body to be eaten by believers. As Christ's body is punctured, so does the female body have open holes, and as Christ is food, so is the female body. This female meditation on Christ's body developed the notion of "divine motherhood" to be accepted and enjoyed quite literally by the female mystics in late medieval times. Yet, in a sense, the female mystics' meditating on Christ's feminine function of nourishing can be considered as their accepting and interiorizing the socially constructed female gender role and thus lacking in subversive power. Nevertheless, this meditative practice at least functioned to redeem the female body which had typically been labelled inferior and even dirty. Through Christ's feminized body, the female mystics rehabilitated their bodily dimension, presenting it to be shared by male believers. Capitalizing on the gender stereotype of womanhood itself, they converted female weakness to power.

• 영어영문학
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.581-598
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• 2011

The recent revival of phenomenology and aesthetics is deeply connected to the development of neuroscience which studies the nervous system and the brain with particular regard to cognition and memory. How are those fields gathered into building up the basis for the communication not only between human beings but also between humanity and its environment? This paper examines the human mind considered unseparable from the body, with reference to Merleau-Ponty's two major works: Phenomenology of Perception (1962) and The Visible and the Invisible (1968). While reading these texts, I investigate the way he overturns the Cartesian cogito and establishes the body as the ground of perception. According to him, human perception is chiefly obtained through the body rather than consciousness. Influenced by William James, who produced the unique concept of cognition and memory through his experiments with the brain, Merleau-Ponty extends Heideggerian Desein to the field of the embodied mind. James also anticipates Bergson, who regards memory as the product of interaction between consciousness and matter (or the body). The intervention of the body which stores the past experiences makes it impossible for us to capture the present moment in itself. This failure, however, is viewed as positive by Merleau-Ponty because the human body is not only a medium of social interaction, but also that of ecological communion.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.141-166
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of using visual stimulation and gesture, namely embodied language learning, on learning achievement and learner's course interest in the EFL classroom. To investigate the effectiveness of the proposed purpose, thirty two third-grade elementary school students participated and were assigned into four English learning class conditions (i.e., using animated graphic and gestures condition, using only animated graphic condition, using still pictures and gesture condition, and control condition). The research questions for this study are addressed below: (1) What differences are there in post and delayed learning achievement between imitating gesture group and non-imitating one and between animated graphic group and still picture one? (2) What differences are there in course interest between imitating gesture group and non-imitating one and between animated graphic group and still picture one? The Embodiment-based English learning system for this study was designed by using Microsoft's Kinect sensing devices. The results of this study revealed that students of imitating gesture group memorized and retained better words and sentence structure than those of the other groups. As for learner's course interest measurement, imitating gesture group showed a highly positive response to attention, relevance, and satisfaction for curriculum and using animated graphic influenced satisfaction as well. This finding can be attributed to the embodied cognition, which proposes that the body and the mind are inseparable in the constitution of cognition and thus students using visual simulation and imitating related gesture regard the embodied language learning approach more satisfactory and acceptable than the conventional ones.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.171-190
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• 2023

This study aims to develop algorithms for automatic extraction landmarks from the lower body of women aged 20-54 using the Grasshopper programming language, based on 3D scan data in the 8th SizeKorea dataset. First, 11 landmarks were defined using the morphological features of 3D body surfaces and clothing applications, from which automatic landmark extraction algorithms were developed. To verify the accuracy of the algorithm, this study developed an additional algorithm that could automatically measure 16 items, and algorithm-derived measurements and SizeKorea measurements were compared using paired t-test analysis. The statistical differences between the scan-derived measurements and the SizeKorea measurements were compared, with an allowable tolerance of ISO 20685-1:2018. This study found that the algorithm successfully identified most items except for the crotch point and gluteal fold point. In the case of landmarks with significant differences, the algorithms were modified. This study was significant because scan editing, landmark search, and measurement extraction were successfully performed in one interface, and the developed algorithm has a high efficiency and strong adaptability.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.5683-5692
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• 2014

본 연구는 결혼이주여성의 한국어 능력, 건강증진행위, 건강상태 간의 상관관계를 분석하기 위해 결혼이주여성 148명을 대상으로 2013년 9월~12월까지 4개월간 자료를 수집하였다. 일반적 특성, 한국어 능력, 건강증진행위(흡연, 음주, 운동, 영양), 정서적 건강상태(스트레스, 결혼생활만족도)는 구조화된 자가 기입식 설문지를, 신체 건강상태(혈당, 총콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 혈색소농도, 헤마토크릿, 체질량지수)는 건강검진 결과를 활용하였다. 연구결과 유질환자와 무질환자 간에 한국어 능력 중 읽기능력, 음주습관, 총콜레스테롤, 체질량지수가 유의하게 차이가 있었다. 결혼이주여성의 한국어 능력과 건강상태간의 상관관계를 분석한 결과, 총콜레스테롤과 중성지방 간에 정상관관계가 있었으며, 헤모글로빈 농도와 총콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 체질량지수와 역상관관계가 있었다. 한국어 능력과 스트레스 간에도 역상관관계가 있었다. 이와 같은 결과를 근거로 결혼이주여성의 질병 발생률을 낮추기 위해서는 결혼이주여성의 음주율, 총콜레스테롤과 체질량 지수를 감소시킬 수 있는 프로그램과 함께 한국어로 된 건강정보 이해력을 증진시킬 수 있는 프로그램을 개발하여 실시할 것을 제안한다.

• 인지과학
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.255-269
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• 2006

본 연구는 신문 기사에 대한 실증적 언어 분석을 목적으로 한다. <21세기 세종계획>에 의해 구축된 대용량의 신문 기사 말뭉치를 형태, 어절, 절, 문장 등의 단위로 계량화하여 분석하였다. 신문 기사를 표제, 전문, 본문의 세 구성 성분으로 나누고 표제의 표시성과 압축성의 실현 양상, 전문과 표제의 연관성, 본문의 문장 구조와 일반명사 구성 비율 등을 살펴보았다. 이 연구를 통하여 기존의 비계량적 연구 방법들과 차별화 된 실증적 연구로서 신문 이론을 검증하고, 신문 기사의 새로운 언어 현상을 발견할 수 있었다. 신문 기사와 같은 텍스트는 인간의 인지적 언어 처리의 결과이며 동시에 인지적 언어 형성에 영향을 미칠 것이다.

• 영어영문학
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• 제58권4호
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• pp.701-721
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• 2012

This paper aims to revisit William Faulkner's Absalom, Absalom! by focusing on the corporeal body and its role in dismantling the Southern ideology of white patriarchy. The latter, which is represented by Thomas Sutpen and his attempt to establish a white male dynasty, is a symbolic space in which the corporeal body turns into a symbolic one through the process of inscribing social ideologies on it. However, this symbolic space is also a contending site between the two bodies. The symbolic body of Sutpen cannot entirely erase its corporeal traces, and therefore the corporeal body, which is buried but nonetheless existent, threatens to undermine rules and premises of the symbolic order. Given that, this paper approaches Faulkner's critique of the Southern white patriarchal ideology from the tension that the corporeal body and the symbolic body create. The 'flesh' roughly corresponds to racial and sexual otherness, namely black flesh and the homoerotic desire of male body. Although they-as the matter of race and that of gender - function in different levels of signification, they still share a common purpose in revealing the logical paradox within Sutpen's symbolic order. The idea of pure whiteness that Sutpen subscribes to is a concept that prerequisites the existence of blackness. Likewise, his idea of male homosociality based upon patriarchal legacy stands precariously on the verge of disintegrating into homoetoricism. As internal otherness that Sutpen's symbolic order cannot fully incorporate, the corporeal body functions to indicate the limitation of Sutpen's Design and its body-signification process.

• 한국영어학회지:영어학
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.61-81
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• 2004

This paper will look at some grammatical phenomena which will illustrate some of the questions that can be addressed with a corpus-based approach. We will use this approach to investigate the following subjects in English grammar: number ambiguity, subject-verb concord, concord with measure expressions, and (reflexive) pronoun choice in coordinated noun phrases. We will emphasize the distinctive features of the corpus-based approach, particularly its strengths in investigating language use, as opposed to traditional descriptions or prescriptions of structure in English grammar. This paper will show that a corpus-based approach has made it possible to conduct new kinds of investigations into grammar in use and to expand the scope of earlier investigations. Native speakers rarely have accurate information about frequency of use. A large representative corpus (i.e., The British National Corpus) is one of the most reliable sources of frequency information. It is important to base an analysis of language on real data rather than intuition. Any description of grammar is more complete and accurate if it is based on a body of real data.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2000년도 7월 학술대회지
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• pp.96-104
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• 2000

The Bodysonic system was invented on the basis of 'Bone Conduction Theory,' which states that people feel sounds with their whole body. The Bodysonic system is used for L2 (English) learning at Aichi Women's Junior College. In recent years we have developed some unique methodology related to use of the Bodysonic system. In Japan it is difficult for adult L2 learners to acquire the prosody of a foreign language. A language laboratory using the Bodysonic system has been suggested as one way to eradicate such adult L2 problems. The Bodysonic system changes sounds into vibrations. It makes it easy for learners to acquire the prosody of a foreign language because humans can convey information, through their tactile organs. In addition, this system was originally designed to make people relax, so it can also help minimize learner anxiety. The effect of Bodysonic vibrations on language learning has already been proven by some experiments. The Bodysonic system appears to be an ideal teaching method for adult to learn a foreign language.

• 영어영문학
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.675-693
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• 2011

In its restricted sense, 'sound poetry' refers to the poetic performance that rejects words and verbal meaning and instead foregrounds the aural materiality of poetry. Behind this seeking for materiality lies a quest for a 'language of presence,' which operates through a denial of signification toward an ideal of the Adamic tongue, a purely emotional and universal language. In the same light, it is argued that sound poetry is a unique and unrepeatable event devoid of meaning due to its directness to the body allowing no intervention of intellectual and semiotic process. But language may involve perceptual meaning as well as verbal or conceptual meaning ascribed to words. This implies that even though devoid of conceptual meaning by means of using grammatically non-articulated sounds, sound poetry cannot but have meaning whose articulation is differently, i.e., iconically made about the aural features of the sounds. Perceptual meaning is unavoidable because everything we are conscious of is a reduced form, a repeatable pattern that works as a sign. 'Language of presence' is then actually impossible, and therefore sound poetry should be seen rather as a fest of diverse perceptual meanings.