• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.1594-1599
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• 2007

Plasma membrane proteins from pig adipocytes, brain, heart, kidney, liver and spleen were isolated using a 32% sucrose gradient. An adult male sheep was immunized three times at 3-wk intervals with the purified pig adipocyte plasma membrane (APM) proteins. Blood samples were taken from the immunized sheep 12 d after the third immunization. Antiserum showed strong reactivity with APM proteins determined by ELISA, and the reactivity could be detected at dilutions in excess of 1:128,000. Antiserum showed very low binding affinity with proteins isolated from brain, heart, kidney, liver or spleen. Ninety weanling pigs were allocated randomly to three treatment groups and were injected i.p. with 40 ml of antiserum (n = 30) or 20 ml of lyophilized antiserum (21.5 mg/ml; n = 30). A control group (n = 30) received 40 ml of saline, and all pigs were slaughtered at 24 wk of age. The polyclonal antiserum did not change BW or ADG. Carcass percentage of pigs was numerically increased by the antiserum treatment compared with control. Both antiserum treatments did not significantly (p>0.05) affect body composition, including body fat content, relative to the control group.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.23-33
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• 2005

Purpose: To evaluate physical characteristics, lifestyle related to bone-health, and bone mineral density (BMD) in mothers and their daughters and to determine the predictors of BMD. Method: BMDs at the forearm, lumbar spine, and femur were measured in 101 healthy, mother-daughter pairs by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Mother-daughter differences between general characteristics, means for BMDs were assessed by ${\chi}^2$-test, t-tests. Multiple regression analyses were used to identify predictors of BMD in each group. Results: Mothers had significantly higher BMD than their daughters at forearm, lumbar spine, and femur. The predictors of mothers' BMDs were body weight, body mass index (BMI) and percentage body fat, explaining 5.1~31.6% of the variation in BMDs. BMI, percentage body fat and their mother's BMD of the corresponding site bone were predictors in daughters, explaining 17.5~31.6% of the variations in BMDs. Conclusion: These results indicate the importance of weight on bone that the BMDs seems to be related to fat free mass both in young-adult daughters and in middle aged mothers. These also suggest the importance ofintervention for the development of BMD in daughter of mother with low BMD.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.59-73
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the percent of body fat. fatness indices. and relationship between the percent body fat and dietary factors among the female middle school athletes. Hights, weights, an percent body fats of 17 soccer player. 10swimmer, and 5 rhythmic gymnast were measured. Dietary data were collected by questionnaires. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1. Average body fat measured by infrared interactance method was 23.8$\pm$4.9% and BMI body fat was 20.3$\pm$2.6% Fatness indices such as BMI was 18.8$\pm$2.1 Rohrer index 119.4$\pm$11.8 percentage of ideal weight 90.4$\pm$9.2 and RBW 29.7$\pm$4.1. 2. Soccer player, swimmer, and rhythmic gymnast showed significant differences in percent body fat and fatness indices. ryhthmic gymnasts were smaller and lighter. 3. Most athletes were interested in diet and nutrition. and wanted to learn more about nutrition. Middle school female athletes ranked parents first or second for nutrition information. followed by managers$.$coaches$.$trainers. 4. Nutrition knowledge test score was 4.7 point out of possible 10, which is rather low, and showed significant difference in 3 kinds of players. 5. The quantities of food eaten in breakfast. lunch dinner and snack were significantly different among soccer player. swimmer. and rhythmic gymnast. In preference score of food groups, only beverage score was significantly different and of cooking methods. roasting and steaming were significantly different among the soccer player. swimmer. and rhythmic gymnast. 6. When subjects were divided into 3 groups on the basis of % infrared body fat, subjects with the highest body fat showed the tendency to eat more than others(non-sig). In the preference score of food groups. only fish showed significant difference among the groups. There were no significant differences between body fat and preference of various cooking method.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.121-127
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• 1998

Thirty two Omani sheep with eight animals each of; intact males (INT), males castrated with rubber rings immediately after birth (RR), males castrated with a burdizzo at 8 weeks of age (BC) and intact females (IF) were fed ad libitum a concentrate diet (CP 16%) plus chopped Rhodesgrass hay (8% CP) from weaning until slaughter at 28 kg. INT lambs grew faster from 9 to 20 weeks of age (p < 0.05) thus they were significantly heavier at 20 weeks of age than BC and IF, but not RR lambs. INT consumed more total feed than other sex groups over the period from 9 to 20 weeks of age. There were no significant differences between lambs of all experimental groups in feed per gain ratio. INT lambs had lower (p < 0.01) dressing percentage (DP) than RR, BC and IF. As a percentage in the empty body weight (EBW), INT had higher proportions of head, feet, empty gut (p < 0.001), liver (p < 0.05) and genitals (p < 0.05) but lower proportions of lungs and trachea (p < 0.05) than BC and IF lambs. INT males had a significantly higher (p < 0.05) proportion of bone than RR and IF lambs but lower (p < 0.05) proportion of fat than RR and IF. As a percentage in EBW, IF had the highest protortion (p < 0.001) of total body fat (TBF) followed by BC and RR whereas INT males had the lowest proportion. There was a general trend of IF having the highest proportion of individual and total non-carcass fat (TNCF) and total carcass fat (TCF) followed by BC and RR lambs whereas INT lambs had the lowest protortions of individual carcass and non-carcass fat depots. There were only few sex or castration effects on carcass tissue distribution. IF had higher proportions of intermuscular fat in the chuck, plate, leg and flank than INT and BC. The current study demonstrated that castration of intensively-raised male Omani native sheep especially at weaning using a burdizzo retarded growth rate and reduced carcass quality by increasing fat content.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제28권9호
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• pp.893-903
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• 1995

This study was attempted to estimate seasonal variations of physical activity level, energy balance & body composition of 38 rural women, aged 31 to 67yrs in three seasons ; farming season(June), harvesting season(October), nonfarming season(February) Energy intake, energy expenditure and body composition were assessed using questionnaire, daily activity diary & bioelectrical impedance. The type of activities & the period of the spent on each activity were changed significantly with the seasons. Daily mean duration(min) of farming activity was significantly higher in June & October than in February(p<0.005) & daily mean energy expenditure for farming activity was significantly high in June & low inFebruary (p<0.005). Daily mean energy expenditure was 2892.9㎉ in June, 2487.4㎉ in October and 2130.9㎉ in February and changed significantly in three seasons(p<0.005). Daily mean energy intake was significantly higher in June(=1950.3㎉) & October (=1946.9㎉) than in February(=1423.3㎉)(p<0.005). According to RDA for koreans, the level of physical activity fell into exceptional activity category in June, heavy in October, moderate in February. Mean energy balance was negative in all seasons ; 0.682 in June, 0.812 in October and 0.698 in February. In three seasons mean body weight, mean obesity rate and mean body mass index(BMI) were not changed significantly. But there were significant seasonal variations in body fat(%) & lean body mass(LBM)(%). The mean percentage of body fat(%) was within normal range(24.44-24.79%) & the mean percentage of lean body mass(LBM)(%) representing long term physical activity was significantly higher in June(75.56%) & October(75.21%) & October (75.21%) than in February(72.75%)(p<0.05).

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.83-89
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• 1983

본 연구는 육용계의 복강지방 축적에 대한 결합능력추정을 위하여 White Cornish 2계통과White Plymouth Rock 2계통을 상호 역교배시켜 16개 교배조합을 생산하여 각 교배조합당 60수씩 960수를 혈통번식시켜 2주 간격으로 체중, 복강지방량 및 체중에 대한 복강지방 비율에 대한 결합능력을 추정하였다. 1. 육계의 복강지방량의 생체중 대 비율은 4주영부터 암탉이 수탉보다 높았다. 2. 일반결합능력에 있어서 체중은 암수 공히 각주령에 유의성이 있었으며 복강지방량에서 암탉은 2. 8, 10 및 12주령에 유의성이 있었고 수탉은 2, 6 및 12주령에 유의성이 있었으며 복강지방의 생체중 대 비율에서는 암탉은 10 및 12주령에 유의성이 있었으나 수탉에서는 유의성이 없었다. 3. 특수결합능력에서 체중은 암탉에서 4, 6, 10 및 12주령 수탉에서 4, 8, 및 12주령에 유의성이 있었으며 복강지방량은 암탉에서 4, 8, 10 및 12주령에 유의성이 있었으나 수탉에서는 유의성이 없었으며 복강지방의 생체량 대 비율은 암탉에서 4 및 8주령에 유의성이 있었으나 수탉에서는 유의성이 없었다.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2024

Objectives: The objective of this study was to explore the anti-obesity effect of Cydonia oblonga Miller fruit extract (COME) and to compare its anti-obesity efficacy with Garcinia cambogia extract (GCE) in diet-induced obese mice. Methods: Five-week-old male C57BL/6 were allocated into four groups: control diet (CD), high-fat diet (HFD), HFD + 400 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day COME (H+C), or HFD + 400 mg/kg BW/day GCE (H+G) groups. COME or GCE was administered once a day by oral gavage for eight weeks. Body weight, body fat percentage, fat weight, and biochemical parameters in serum were measured. The expressions of transcription factors and their target genes in epididymal adipose tissues were analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results: COME reduced body weight, weight gain, body fat percentage, total white adipose tissue weight, adipocyte size, and serum levels of insulin and leptin in high-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6 mice. COME suppressed the mRNA expressions of CCAAT/enhancer binding proteinα, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγ, sterol-regulatory element-binding protein-1c, fatty acid synthase, and adipocyte protein 2 and increased carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 mRNA expression in epidydimal adipose tissues. The anti-obesity efficacy of COME was found to be similar to that of GCE at the same dose. However, COME more effectively decreased adipose tissue weights, epididymal adipocyte size, serum insulin and leptin compared to GCE. Conclusions: These results demonstrated that COME is not toxic and exhibits anti-obesity efficacy at a level similar to that of GCE, suggesting that COME may be applicable as an anti-obesity agent.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.77-87
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of pilates exercises on the body composition and satisfaction level of female college students, and, to do so, pilates classes were provided for female college students for 8 weeks. Their level of satisfaction was surveyed and their body composition before and after participating in the classes was also measured. Out of a total of 40 subjects, those who did not diligently participate in the pilates classes were excluded, and the data of 22 subjects who continued to participate in the classes were analyzed only. The components of body composition measured before and after the 8-week pilates exercise program showed that body fat percentage and abdominal fat percentage were reduced, while lean body mass increased. The level of satisfaction of the group of those who performed pilates exercises for 8 weeks showed positive effects. It will be necessary to develop various systematic and science-based pilates exercise programs that are customized for different age groups in order to reduce the level of the components of body composition associated with obesity.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.119-129
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of pilates exercises on the body composition and satisfaction level of female college students, and, to do so, pilates classes were provided for female college students for 8 weeks. Their level of satisfaction was surveyed and their body composition before and after participating in the classes was also measured. Out of a total of 40 subjects, those who did not diligently participate in the pilates classes were excluded, and the data of 22 subjects who continued to participate in the classes were analyzed only. The components of body composition measured before and after the 8-week pilates exercise program showed that body fat percentage and abdominal fat percentage were reduced, while lean body mass increased. The level of satisfaction of the group of those who performed pilates exercises for 8 weeks showed positive effects. It will be necessary to develop various systematic and science-based pilates exercise programs that are customized for different age groups in order to reduce the level of the components of body composition associated with obesity.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.334-345
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to compare nutrient intakes and blood lipids according to the obesity index of middle aged men. Subjects were assigned to one of the following groups based on percentage of body fat (%Fat),; normal weight (10-20% fat), overweight (20-25% fat) and obesity (over 25% fat). Nutrient intakes were evaluated based on questionnaires and 24 hour recall method and blood lipids were analyzed by blood analyzer. The results were as follows: 1) Nutrient intakes were that carbohydrate intake rate in obesity group was lower than normal group and lipids intake rate in obesity group was higher than normal group. The intake of riboflavin and folic acid were differ normal and obesity group (p < 0.05), and normal group ingested under recommended intake. 2) Total-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and blood pressure in obesity group were higher than normal group but the differences were not significant. The attack rate of coronary heart disease and blood glucose in obesity group is higher than normal group (p < 0.05). 3) The correlation of anthropometric measurements, blood lipid, blood glucose and blood pressure had significant results. Soft lean mass was associated BMI (p < 0.01), TC (p < 0.05), HDL (p < 0.05), LDL (p < 0.05) and SBP (p < 0.05). TG was associated TC (p < 0.05), HDL (p < 0.01), VLDL (p < 0.001) and Risk (p < 0.01). TC was associated LDL (p < 0.01) and Risk (p < 0.01). Blood glucose was associated TC (p < 0.05), LDL (p < 0.05), SBP (p < 0.05) and DBP (p < 0.05). These results suggest that reduction of body weight for the attack risk of obesity group in coronary heart disease.