• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Health Society Conference
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• 2005.12a
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• pp.95-102
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• 2005

For decolorization of synthetic dyes, Isolate fungi were investigated for the decolorization of 8 industrial dyes. One fungus isolated from textile wastewater collected from Banweol industrial complex, Korea showed excellent ability for removing synthetic dyes. Internal Transcribed Spacers (ITS) sequencing result was confirmed as the new Basidomycetes species. HUE05-1 The optimal decolorizaton conditions were pH5, 30$^{\circ}C$ and aerobic condition. HUE05-1 was completely decolorized all dyes in both solid and liquid condition. The result is decolorization effect at Reactive Orange 16; 97.12%, Reactive Blue 19; 92.09%, Reactive Blue 49; 97.04%, Reactive Yellow 145; 95.53%, Acid Orange 10; 99.18%, Acid Violet 43; 98.73%, Acid Blue 350; 94.71%, Disperse Blue 106; 90.07%.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.59-65
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• 2009

The aim of these studies is to confirm the red and blue painting damages during the fire suppression of wooden cultural assets by using the loaded stream charge extinguishant. As a results of these experiments, the ingredients of extinguishant existing on the surface of wooden cultural assets were perfectly eliminated by the water washing only. Any changes on the surface of wooden cultural assets couldn't be detected. Moreover, any color changes of the red and blue painting didn't occur.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.55-59
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• 2011

Mong Hsu rubies from Myanmar include typically the dark core and blue patch but most of the previous research has merely focused on the dark core. This work is aimed to understanding clearly the characteristic of the dark core and blue patch of Mong Hsu rubies. It was found from the FTIR analysis that the dark core and blue patch region showed the absorption peaks of boehmite ($1986\;cm^{-1}$), diaspore ($2115\;cm^{-1}$) and water ($3400{\sim}3900\;cm^{-1}$) but the absorption peaks of O-H stretching ($3309\;cm^{-1}$ and $3078\;cm^{-1}$) were found only in blue patch region. The UV-VIS-NIR analysis of the dark core region revealed the stronger absorption of $Cr^{3+}$ at 405 and 554 nm compared to the blue patch region. In range of 600~800 nm, the UV absorption characteristic at 659, 675 and 693 nm assigned to $Cr^{3+}$ of core group samples is distinct from that of blue patch. The SEM-EDS examinations disclosed the existence of lots of micro-cracks and pores in the core regions compared to blue patch region.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.507-513
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of immersion in water at 3, 5, 7, and 10 minutes after mixing on the surface of three regular and one light-curing glass-ionomer cement by measuring penetration of a methylene blue solution. Early solubility of these cements was also measured and compared with that of a zinc phosphate and a polycarboxylate cement. A blue-stained zone was observed in all glass-ionomer cement, but an inner, opaque zone was observed in only two of the regular glass-ionomer cements. Extending the time between start of mixing and immersion on water decreased the width of both zones in all cements and markedly lowered the loss of substance from the surface of regular glass-ionomer cements. However, time after mixing had no or only a limited effect on the loss of substance from the light-curing glass-ionomer cement, the zine phosphate cement, or the polycarboxylate cement.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2014

Objectives : This study was performed in order to evaluate the effects of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix (SMR) water extract against the cerebral hemorrhage and the blood-brain barrier (BBB) impairment in the intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Method : ICH was induced by the stereotaxic intrastriatal injection of bacterial collagenase type IV in Sprague-Dawley rats. SMR was orally given three times every 20 hours during 3 days after the ICH induction. Hematoma volume, water content of brain tissue and volume of evans blue leakage were examined. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) positive neutrophils and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$) were observed with immunofluorescence labeling and confocal microscope. Results : SMR significantly reduced the hematoma volume of the ICH-induced rat brain. SMR significantly reduced the water content of brain tissue of the ICH-induced rat brain. SMR reduced the percentage of the evans blue leakage around the hematoma on the caudate putamen compared to the ICH group, especially on the cerebral cortex. SMR significantly reduced the volume of the evans blue leakage level in the peri-hematoma regions of the ICH-induced rat brain. SMR significantly reduced MPO positive neutrophils in the peri-hematoma regions of the ICH-induced rat brain. SMR reduced the TNF-${\alpha}$ expression in peri-hematoma regions of the ICH-induced rat brain. TNF-${\alpha}$ immuno-labeled cells were coincided with MPO immuno-labeled neutrophils in peri-hematoma regions of the ICH-induced rat brain. Conclusion : These results suggest that SMR plays a protective role against the blood-brain barrier impairment in the ICH through suppression of inflammation in the rat brain tissues.

• Advances in materials Research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.243-251
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• 2024

The asymmetric polylactic acid (PLA) membrane was prepared via phase inversion method using non-solvent induced separation (NIPS) technique. This study aims to synthesized as well as to characterize the PLA membrane and evaluating the membrane performance on water flux and permeability. In addition, this research also studied the removal performance of methylene blue dye. The polymer solution has been prepared using 12 wt.% of PLA and dissolved in 88 wt.% of Dimethylacetamide (DMAc) as a solvent. Then, the cast film was immersed in different ratio of coagulant bath medium (distilled water: methanol: ethanol) ranging from 100:0:0, 75:25:0, 75:0:25 and 75:12.5:12.5, respectively). Several characterizations were performed which include, membrane contact angle and membrane porosity. Performance PLA membranes were determined in terms of water flux and permeability at 1 bar transmembrane pressure using dead-end permeation cell. Finally, methylene blue (MB) removal efficiency was tested at the same transmembrane pressure. The findings revealed that the increase of alcohol concentration in coagulant bath resulted in higher porosity and lower contact angle. In short, MB dye rejection efficiency is also closely related to the amount of alcohol ratio used in coagulant baths. Increases in concentration of methanol and ethanol in coagulant bath medium increases the membrane porosity thus increased in efficiency of methylene blue rejection.

• Advances in materials Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.109-114
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to observe the trend of compounds release from acrylic resin oral prosthesis when used for drug delivery as well as a restoration. In this study, 10 specimens of heat-cured polymethylmethacrylate material were prepared and loaded with methylene blue biological stain. The specimens were then submerged in vials with 5 ml distilled water for 24 hours. The extraction procedure continued for 4 days, each day the specimens were immersed in another 5 ml distilled water vial. All extracted solutions were analyzed by visible light spectroscopy for absorbance comparison. The statistical results showed that the absorbance values were significantly different in the first day of extraction than the following days. However, there was no statistical difference among the 2^nd, 3^rd and 4^th days of extraction. Biological stain loading to acrylic resin at the mixing stage, and then after extraction in distilled water, showed a burst release during the first day followed by a constant release during the following few days.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.43 no.9
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• pp.1363-1368
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• 2014

The physiological activities of cultivated Korean blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) and New Zealand green-lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus) were analyzed and compared. Both hot water extracts of blue mussel flesh (BMF) and green-lipped mussel flesh (GMF) showed increased activities of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). BMF showed increased ADH and slightly decreased ALDH activities compared to GMF. 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity of BMF was higher than that of GMF at the same concentration. BMF and GMF showed similar inhibitory activity against angiotensin converting enzyme at a concentration of 30 mg/mL. These results suggest that cultivated Korean blue mussel has similar physiological activity with New Zealand green-lipped mussel.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.531-548
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• 2012

To identify Cochlodinium polykrikoides red tide from non-red tide water (satellite high chlorophyll waters) in the South Sea of Korea (SSK), we improved a spectral classification method proposed by Son et al.(2011) for the world first Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI). C. polykrikoides blooms and non-red tide waters were classified based on four different criteria. The first step revealed that the radiance peaks of potential red tide water occurred at 555 and 680 nm (fluorescence peak). The second step separated optically different waters that were influenced by relatively low and high contributions of colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) (including detritus) to chlorophyll. The third and fourth steps discriminated red tide water from non-red tide water based on the blue-to-green ratio, respectively. After applying the red tide classification, the spectral response of C. polykrikoides red tide water, which is influenced by pigment concentration as well as CDOM (detritus), showed different slopes for the blue and green bands (lower slope at blue bands and higher slope at green bands). The opposite result was found for non-red tide water. This modified spectral classification method for GOCI led to increase user accuracy for C. polykrikoides and non-red tide blooms and provided a more reliable and robust identification of red tides over a wide range of oceanic environments than was possible using chlorophyll a concentration, or proposed red tide detection algorithms. Maps of C. polykrikoides red tide in SSK outlined patches of red tide covering the area near Naro-do and Tongyeong during the end of July and early of August, 2012 and extending into from Wan-do and Geoje-do during the middle of August, 2012.

• ALGAE
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.7-14
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• 2004

Blue-Min was initially developed as an adsorbent for harmful gas removal and recently improved to apply to livestock, agriculture and aquaculture as an assistant feed. In the Blue-Min treatment, growth of harmful algae (Cochlodinium polykrikoides and the others causing the red-tide in the ocean) were inhibited below 10% in comparison with control and coagulation removal of harmful alge with Blue-Min treatment was more efficient than that of yellow loess treatment. It would be expected that the Ble-Min can be useful for the extirpator against the red-tide organisms and restrain the toxic algal growth around the fish aquaculture using the assistant feed. Recently, its utility has become to be diverse as it was revealed that aquaculture productivity increase by its application and, in addition, that it improve the water quality or sediment conditions in the aquaculture of Chinese White Shrimp. When Blue-Min was treated with the proper dose, the growth inhibition of Microcystis aeruginosa and lsochrysis galbana, which are typical red-tide organisms in freshwaters and food organisms in aquaculture, respectively, were less than that of marine red-tide organisms, while their growth slightly increased with low concentration treatiment. In addition, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content of I. galbana slightly increase with the Blue-Min treatment. Through our research, the Blue-Min has diverse and comples function against various biological organisms and is proved as a biological activator or depressor.