• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.215-220
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• 1984

Dienes 염색법을 국내에 발생하는 마이코플라스마성 식물병의 진단에 적용해 보면서 본 염색법의 보다 효과적인 이용을 위한 실험에서 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1 Dienes 염색법을을 통한 식물 마이코플라스마병의 진단방법은 일일초와 뽕나무에서만 지정적이었고, 대추나무, 오동나무 및 붉나무에서는 부정적이었다. 2. Dienes 염색액의 $0.2\%$와 $0.4\%$ 수용액이 일일초와 뽕나무에 각각 적합했으며, 염색시간은 $5\~10$분 그리고 탈색시간은 $10\~20$분이 좋았다. 3. 정확한 현미경적 관찰이나 선명한 사진을 위해서 절편의 두께는 $50\~100{\mu}$가 적당하였다. 4. 공시식물의 각 부위중에서 줄기 정부 바로 밑의 부위가 좋은 결과를 나타냈으며, 엽병이나 중륵도 거의 동등한 결과를 나타냈다. 5. 이병식물에서 염색반응의 정도는 병세와 비례했으며, 병징발견 초기의 시료는 건전시료와 염색반응에 있어서 쉽게 구별되지 않았다. 6. 시료를 종절할 경우 대부분의 관요소들이 상처를 받지 않을 뿐만 아니라 정확한 관찰이 용역하므로 시료를 횡절할 경우보다 효과적이었다. 7. 염색된 시료를 현미경 관찰할 경우 filter를 사용하지 않고 텅스텐 적색광을 그대로 사용하면 사관요소와 도관요소 간의 색갈 대비를 증가시키며 정확한 해석에 도움을 주었다. 8. 시료를 고정액에 고정시키면 염색반응이 방해되었으며, 시료는 신선한 것일수록 염색반응이 뚜렷하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.245-251
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• 2006

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of caponization on the bone characteristics, biomechanical property and histology in Taiwan country chickens fed to market age of 26 wks. Male Taiwan country chickens $D{\times}L_2$ were caponized or sham-operated at 8 wks of age, and selected healthy sham-operated and completely caponized chickens (prominent degenerated comb) were selected at 16 wks old and fed to 26 wks old for the trials. Fifteen intact male chickens (Intact), sham-operated chickens (Sham) and caponized chickens (Capon) were assigned for trial 1, and sixteen Intact and Capon were assigned for trial 2. Results in trial 1 showed that the abdominal fat and relative abdominal fat weights of Capon were significantly heavier than Intact and Sham (p<0.05), while the tibia weight and relative weight were the lightest (p<0.05). The tibia breaking strength, bending moment and stress of Capon were the poorest among groups (p<0.05). The trial 2 produced the similar observation that Capon were significantly lighter than Intact (p<0.05) in the tibia weight, relative tibia weight and their biomechanical properties. On histological determinations, Capon showed a thinner cartilage end and fewer chondrocytes (about 50%) and trabecular, and bigger marrow cavity; while decreased hemopoietic cells number with increased adipocytes than Intact observed by H&E stain and at low magnification. At high magnification, Capon showed a decrease in the chondrocyte size by 33 to 50%, with smaller nucleus located near the cell membrane, and exhibited monocellular form chondrocytes. Capon also showed a less strongly acidic sulfated mucosubstance with weaker dyeing property within cartilage zone, and smaller chondrocytes size by Alcian blue stain.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.80-90
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of pulsed ultrasound on wound healing and observe during the wound healing process the distribution of mast cells according to histopathologic findings. Eighty Sprague Dawley rats which were divided into 4 groups received full thickness skin wounds on the back. Each of the 5 animals was sacrificed immediately and then sacrificed again 1, 3, 6, and 12 days after injury. Specimens from the wounds were removed during healing and routinely processed with a hematoxylin-eosin stain and a toluidine blue stain. The authors then observed the distribution of mast cells under a light microscope. The results of this study were as follows: The rate of wound healing and the length of the wounds of the pulsed ultrasound group II was significantly faster than group I on day 6 and day 12 (p<.001). Group III showed the most significant effect after12 days (p<.001). Group IV also showed a significant effect at 12 days (p<.01). A low-intensity ultrasound .5 $W/cm^2$ resulted in a fast healing rate. During the wound healing process mast cells had a tendency to decrease in the acute inflammatory phase. During the wound healing process mast cells were thought to contribute to the healing of the wound.

• 치과방사선
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 1981

The author studied on the effects of x-irradiation to the development of digital malformation in gestation rats. The time-matings occured between 6 p.m. and 8 a.m. and females with copulation. plugs at 8 a.m. were isolated and properly marked for evidence of copulation. The lower abdomen of mothers were exposed to x-irradiation on the 11½th day of gestation, the critical period developing digital malformation, respectively 100, 150, 200, 250, 300 and 350 rads. At 18½th day of post-conception total 50 pregnant females were dissected and the incidence of digital malformations were obtained. Rat embryos on the 12, 13, 14, 15, 16th day of gestation irradiated by 250 rads were examined for morphogenesis of digital malformation. Digital radiating lines were examined in water and histologically by H-E stain. Supra vital stain samples by Nile-blue sulfate in 37℃ normal saline were prepared for the observation of cell necrosis regions and morphogenesis of digits. The results obtained were as follows; 1. By x-irradiation on 11th day of gestation, digital malformations of Ectrodactylia, Syndactylia Polydactylia and Hematodactylia were developed. Ectrodactylia showed the effective relationship to the amount of irradiation, however Syndactylia ans Polydactylia did not. 2. By x-irradiation, cell necrosis of digital germ was appeared markedly, but in 48 hours after irradiation was depressed to the periphery of digital germ and in 72hours after irradiation was disappeared. Digital radiating line showed marked stage of malformation in 48hours after irradiation and continued to show the same amount of physiological cell necrosis as the compared control group in 72hours. after irradiaion. But in the Syndactylia, physiological cell necrosis was not able to be recognized. 3. Ectrodactylia induced by x-irradiation was considered as the direct resoult of cell necrosis of digital origin, however, Polydactylia and Syndactylia were considered as the resoult of some effect in repair process of x-irradiation damages.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.549-576
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• 1995

Bacteria are one of the most important causative agents of the pulpal and periapical diseases. Streptococci are one of the most frequently isolated facultative anarerobic bacteria in the infected root canals. Bacterial cell wall components have a direct effect in the pathogenesis of the pulpal and periapical infections. Hyaluronidase produced by bacteria has been implicated in dissemination of the diseases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of cell wall extract of streptococci on the L929 cells using inverted microscope and the transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Hyaluronidase production of streptococcal strains were investigated to determine the correlation between the severity of cell damage and the activity of enzymes. Bacterial cell wall extracts of S. sanguis, S. mitis and S. uberis isolated from infected root canals and ATCC type strains of S. mutans (ATCC 10449) and E. faecalis (ATCC 19433) were prepared by sonication and confirmed with SDS-PAGE. Silver stain of SDS-PAGE of sonic extract was efficient at $100{\mu}g$/ml concentration of cell wall protein, while Coomasie blue stain was efficient at $100{\mu}g$/ml concentration. Inverted microscope showed that sonic extract-treated L929 cells were round and detached from the substratum while others lost their fibroblastic shapes. Transmission electron microscopic examination revealed that streptococcal extracts induced death of L929 cells. Sonic extracts of streptococci had variable effect on microstructure of L929 cells. significant chromatin condensation was observed in the nucleus of the cells. Disappearance of cell surface microvilli and nuclear fragments with dense chromatin were observed. The cell nucleus had an irregular shape and numerous large vacuoles were seen in the cytoplasm and some breaks of the cell membrane could be seen. Cell organelles were in various stages of destruction and cristae of mitochondria were disoriented or disappeared. Eighteen strains of streptococci did not produce hyaluronidase.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.397-404
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• 2011

최근 구강관리에 대한 관심이 증가하면서 시판되고 있는 구강양치용액의 종류도 다양해지고 있고 휴대가 간편하여 쉬운 사용방법으로 활용이 급진적으로 증가하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 시판 중인 구강양치용액의 pH를 측정하여 고유 산도가 법랑질 표면의 색조변화, 미세경도, 미세구조 변화, 거칠기 측정 등에 관한 실험방법을 통하여 구강양치용액의 효과를 평가하였다. 1. 색조변화는 Nextcare와 Listerine에서 light-dark를 나타내는 $L^*$값은 0에 가깝게 어두워졌으며 yellow-blue를 나타내는 $b^*$값은 초기값과 비교하여 채도가 낮아졌다. 특히 Listerine에서 ${\Delta}L^*$, ${\Delta}b^*$ 각각 -6.70, -7.20으로 가장 큰 변화를 보였다. 2. 표면경도 측정에서는 Nextcare와 Listerine에서 모두 통계적으로 유의한 감소를 보였다(p<0.05). 또한 표면의 형상과 거칠기에서도 Nextcare와 Listerine에서 다른 실험군과 비교하여 법랑질 표면의 붕괴 및 침식양상과 함께 거칠기가 매우 높아졌음을 알 수 있었다. 결론적으로, 현재 시판 중인 구강양치용액의 pH를 측정하여 고유 산도가 치아 경조직에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아본 결과, 산성의 pH를 가진 구강양치용액을 장기간 사용시 치면 착색 및 법랑질 표면의 영향을 줄 수 있으므로 적절한 사용법을 숙지하여 단기간 사용하는 것이 안전할 것으로 사료된다.

• 공업화학
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.1014-1021
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• 1997

수세미외 그물 섬유를 크라프트법, 알카리 아황산법, 아황산법, 알카리 과산화 수소법과 소오다법으로 펄프화하고, 안트라퀴논의 첨가와 미첨가 조건으로 구분하여 증해하였다. 이들의 고해와 미고해분에 대하여 주사 전자현미경(SEM), 섬유 품질 분석기(FQA), 섬유길이 분류기(Clark 4-Screen Classifier), 화상 분석기(Image Analyzer)를 이용하여 특성과 섬유의 구조를 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 수세미의 섬유의 증해후 해섬 가능 기준의 Pulping 조건은 KP계($160^{\circ}C$, 2시간), ASP계($155^{\circ}C$, 4시간), PAP계($160^{\circ}C$, 1시간)에서 Kappa값이 각각 12, 25, 10 수준으로 비교적 낮은 Total Alkali(약 20%) 조건에서 적정 증해가 가능했다. 2) 각 펄프화별 펄프의 총 증해수율은 KP 50~55, ASP계 60~70, PAP계 45~50%로 SP계의 수율은 매우 높고, KP나 PAP는 일반 비목재나 목재와 비슷한 수준을 나타냈다. 3)NaOH의 투입량의 증가는 해섬능을 촉진하고, 섬유길이, Curl, Kink Index 등에서 품질의 형태 변화를 보였다. 4) 수세미외 섬유의 펄프화 공정에서 AQ첨가는 탈리그닌 촉진으로 해섬능이 현격하게 향상되고 섬유의 산화 분해를 방지하며, 고해 속도 상승과 피브릴화를 촉진하였다. 5) ASP계는 KP나 PAP보다 Bulk density가 높고, 섬유간 결합이 치밀하고, 섬유의 세포 손상이 감소되었다. 6) 수세미외 섬유는 "C" Stain에 의한 정색 반응으로 청색 또는 청회색의 맑고 투명한 세포벽을 갖는 정색 특성을 나타냈다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.468-472
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• 2014

'신고' 배에서 저장 전 몇 가지를 처리하여 배과피얼룩과 발생에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 2중 봉지 속지색에 따른 배과피얼룩과 발생은 황색지가 청색지 및 적색지에 비하여 현저하게 낮은 발생률을 보였다. 수확 시기별로는 적숙기 보다 7일 전에 수확하여 저온 저장한 처리가 발병률이 낮았으며 과실 품질에는 차이가 없었다. 저장방법에서 칼슘코팅봉지에 넣어 저장한 과실이 PE 봉지 및 알배로 저장한 과실에 비하여 현저하게 발생률이 높았다. 이산화염소 및 칼슘액 침지처리는 무처리 및 증류수 처리에 비하여 발생률이 낮았다. 또한 NaDCC 1,500배액에 침지처리를 하면 발생률이 낮았으며 반점의 크기도 감소되었다. 저장 중 과피얼룩과 발생은 과피의 수분함량(67.7%)이 낮은 과실은 나타나지 않았다. 따라서 적숙기 보다 7일 전에 수확하여 칼슘봉지 씌우기 및 이산화염소, 칼슘용액, NaDCC 침지는 저장중 배과피얼룩과 발생을 줄일 수 있을 것으로 생각되었다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.7-13
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• 1980

To study some informations on the morphogenesis and developmental process of the coronal suture in rats, the author performed daily oral administrations of demethylchlorotetracycline, a kind of tetracycline group, in the amount of 30mg/kg of body weight to the female rats from the 7th day of pregnancy to the time of delivery. Microscopic evaluation was undertaken on the fetal rats in the experimental group. The subject of this experiment were defined to the fetal rats of each group at 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th day after birth. All these fetal rats were sacrificed and the heads were removed. All the tissue sections were fixed with $10\%$ formalin, Bouin' and Carnoy' solution and then stained by Hematoxylin-Van Gieson stain, or Feulgen and Rossenbeck, Periodic acid Schiff, and prepared for alcian blue reaction. The results were as follows; 1. The directions of osteogenic fibers were arranged irregulary during first 3 days, but after the 7th day they tended to change radial directions like control group. 2. The density of deep stained cells by Feulgen-Rossenbeck reaction were shown leu in the experimental group than that in the control group in first 3 days, but there was shown no significant difference between both groups after the 7th day. 3. PAS reaction in early stage was generally negative in the experimental group unlike as in the control group, but diffuse reaction was observed in the loose middle zone like as in the control group after 14th day. 4. Alcian blue reaction was negative in cambial zone, and slightly positive in uniting zone compared with control group in early stage. After 14th day, however, there was observed a tendency of moderately positive reaction.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.173-182
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• 2013

This Study was designed to investigate the effects of Sibjeondaebo-tang (SDT) and Gamy-Sibjeondaebo-tang (GST, Sibjeondaebo-tang adding Cervi Pantotrichum Cornu) on the improvement in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) in normal rats, and in the rats with cerebral ischemia induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion, and further to determine the mechanisms. And, It was to investigate the effects of the SDT and GST with the change of histologic examination through the BDNF in the hippocampus CA1. In changes of cerebral hemodynamics, SDT and GST significantly increased rCBF in a dose-dependent manner but decreased MABP in normal rats. In mechanism of cerebral hemodynamics, Increase of GST-induced rCBF was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with methylene blue (0.01 mg/kg, i.p.), an inhibitor of guanylate cyclase, and Decrease of GST-induced MABP was significantly increased by pretreatment with methylene. These results suggested that the action of GST was mediated by guantlate cyclase pathway. In cerebral ischemics, the rCBF was stably improved by SDT (10 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly and stably increased by GST (10 mg/kg, i.p.) during the period of cerebral reperfusion, which contrast with the findings of rapid and marked increase in Control group. These results suggested that GST had anti-ischemic action in cerebral ischemic state. In histological examination through TTC stain, Sample A group and Sample B group decreased discoloration in the cortical part at $28^{th}$ day after MCAO induction. In immunohistochemistric response of BDNF, Sample A group and Sample B group increased respondent effect at $28^{th}$ day after MCAO induction. These results suggest that GST can Increase rCBF in normal state, as well as improve the stability of rCBF in cerebral ischemic state. Furthermore, methylene blue inhibitor study suggested the mechanism of blood flow enhancement by GST may be mediated by guanylate cyclase pathway.