• Journal of mucopolysaccharidosis and rare diseases
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.9-13
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• 2017

Tandem mass spectrometry and other new technologies for the multiplex and quantitative analysis of dried blood spots have emerged as powerful techniques for the early screening and assessment of newborns for lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs). Screening newborns for these diseases is important, since treatment options, including enzyme replacement therapy or hematopoietic transplantation, are available for some LSDs, such as infant-onset Pompe disease, Fabry disease, some types of mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs), and Krabbe disease. For these diseases, early initiation of treatment, before symptoms worsen, often leads to better clinical outcomes. Several problems, however, are associated with newborn screening for LSDs, including the development of accurate test methods to reduce low false-positive rates and treatment guidelines for late-onset or mild disease variants, the high costs associated with multiplex assays, and ethical issues. In this review, we discuss the history, current status, and ethical problems associated with the newborn screening for LSDs, including MPSs.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.381-387
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• 1991

Deer hemal nodes were studied by gross anatomy and light microscopy. Hemal nodes were scattered in the periphery of thoracic and abdominal aortae, and spherical or avoid in shape. A hemal node consisted of a thin capsule and a hilum, and had numerous small subcapsular and deep sinuses distended by a great number of erythrocytes. Although a few lymphatic nodules and tissues were seen in the parenchyma, no typical cortex and medulla was defined. Blood vessels occurred, but lymph vessel was not observed in nodes. The parenchyma of the hemal node consisted of many erythrocytes and lymphocytes, and a few granulocytes, plasma cells megakaryocytes and macrophages. The stroma was composed of reticular cells and fibers. The capsule and trabecula was a collagenous connective tissue with smooth myofibers. The above findings suggest that the hemal nodes are involved in blood storage, blood filtration and immune reaction.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.211-216
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• 2004

Commercial one-step rapid fecal occult blood (FOB) kit which was used as a screening test to detect traces of blood in stool samples was evaluated for the feasibility of the forensic identification of human blood. The sensitivity was determined and compared with the conventional Leucomalichite green (LMG) method. In addition, the specificity of the kit and the effects of various chemicals and environmental factors were examined. FOB kit was specific for human hemoglobin and more sensitive than LMG test (approximately 100 times). FOB kit showed positive band using at least 1,000,000-fold diluted human blood. The antigen was very stable regardless of storage temperature and boiling. The positive reaction was not affected by LMG and Luminol, the traditional tests for identification of bloodstain. As a results, FOB test kit could be effectively applied to identification of human blood at crime scene and crime laboratories.

• The Korean Journal of Blood Transfusion
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.273-281
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• 2018

Background: Ferritin is used to detect iron overload in patients with chronic red blood cell transfusions. Although ferritin reflects the amount of iron storage in the body, it may increase nonspecifically in inflammation and infection. This study analyzed the cause of increased ferritin and the association with a red blood cell (RBC) transfusion. Methods: The medical records of patients who visited the authors' hospital from January to December 2017 and underwent a ferritin test were reviewed retrospectively. Hyperferritinemia was defined as a ferritin level more than 1,000 ng/mL. The causes of hyperferritinemia were investigated by examining the laboratory findings and medical records. Results: The results revealed 417 cases of hyperferritinemia in 238 patients during the period. The most common diseases were hematologic malignancies from 125 cases (30.0%) in 31 patients and infectious diseases were the second most common. Iron overload was suspected in 119 cases in 33 patients, and 12 patients (76 cases) were transfused with more than 8 units of RBC for 1 year before the test. Conclusion: In hyperferritinemia, the rate of iron overload is high considering the underlying diseases and chronic RBC transfusion. To determine iron storage status accurately, it will be helpful to measure the C-reactive protein (CRP) and iron saturation in the ferritin test. Careful attention should be paid to habitual iron formulations and frequent transfusions due to the possibility of iron overload.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.147-151
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• 2006

Although various automated CBC analyzers with different WBC analytical principles were consequently introduced to clinical laboratory, the specific information concerning the suitability or unsuitability of aging samples is scarce. For this reason, we studied the effect of storage duration and temperature on CBC parameter in SE-9000 (SYSMEX Medical Electronics Co., Ltd., Kobe, Japan), automated CBC analyzer. We tested 32 K3-EDTA specimens with SE-9000 during 72 hours. Specimens were kept at room temperature (RT) and refrigerated and were analyzed at 0 hr, 4 hr, 8 hr, 24 hr, 48 hr and 72 hr after the collection of the specimens. The percentage changes from initial value for each parameters were calculated. Among the CBC parameters, hemoglobin, red blood cell count, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and platelets were stable for the study period at both temperatures. The mean corpuscular volume (MCV), hematocrit (Hct) and red cell distribution (RDW) increased and the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) decreased over time at room temperature. These parameters were stable when refrigerated. The leukocyte count was stable during 72hr at RT and when refrigerated. At room temperature, the relative percentages of neutrophils tend to increase, whereas those of lymphocyte and monocytes tend to decrease after 48 hours. When refrigerated, those of neutrophils and monocytes tend to increase, whereas those of lymphocytes tend to decreased over time. CBC parameters of refrigerated specimen were reliable for 72 hr for the exception of differential count from 24 hr but many CBC parameters, such as MCV, Hct, MCHC, RDW and differential count of leukocyte of blood stored at room temperature for 24 hr were unreliable.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.217-223
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• 1988

For the Effective utilization of the fish resources in coastal regions, investigations on preparation of powdered dried arkshell instant soup., quality stability of the products during storage and utilization as a food material were carried out with arkshell, Anadara broughtonii. Three kinds of powdered instant soup were prespared as 0% table salt(A), 5% table salt (B), 15% table salt(C) and packed with vacuum in laminated film bag. (polyester/nylon: 85${mu}ell$/15${mu}ell$, 18$\times$27cm) Their processing conditions and quality stability during storage at room temperature for 90 days were examined. Powdered instant soup was made by washing raw arkshell to remove visceral, clay, sand and blood, hot air drying(60$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$, 20 hrs) after draining and pulverizing dried arkshell to 35 mesh. Powdered instant soup was made by adding 2% sugar 0% table salt (5% and 15% table salt), 10.5% monosodium glutamate, 0.3% black pepper and 0.3% garlic powder to the pulverized dried arkshell. The condition of moisture and water activity of the products were 5.9-6.9% and 0.42-0.43, respectively. The moisture content s , water activity and pH of the products were showed little change and volatile basic nitrogen of them increased slightly during storage. Thiobarbituric acid value increased up to 60 days of storage and then decreased slightly. In solubility, powdered instant soup were showed no remarkable difference comparing with goods on the market. The color value of th products were showed little change during storage, In sensory evaluation, product B were scored slightly higher, in most cased, in flaver, color. taste and overall acceptability comparing with product A or product C during storage. Judiging form the sensory evaluation, powdered instant soup of 5% table salt (B) were the most desirable, and the quality of the products was stable for 90 days at 20$\pm$3$^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.724-729
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• 2008

Umbilical cord blood has been recently considered an attractive potential alternative as a source of stem cell transplantation to curing diseases such as leukemia, cancers, immune disorders. Normally the stored system of the umbilical cord blood specimen is equipped with a computer-controlled robotic arm that enables the samples to locate the identification places in liquid nitrogen tank at regulated temperature as about $-196^{\circ}C$. As the half of robotic arm is in the air and the rest part is submerged in liquid nitrogen, the temperature of robotic arm varies from ambient to liquid nitrogen temperature. In this study the temperature variation of upper part of arm above tank lid was thermally analysed by using the commercial code of Ansys. The result of analysis was that the upper part of robotic arm was seriously frozen due to heat transfer from liquid nitrogen as low as -$120^{\circ}C$. In order to solve the frost problem of robotic arm, small PTFE tube block as resistance material was introduced into the lower part of tank lid instead of the whole stainless steel(SUS) robotic arm. The results showed that the temperature of robotic arm above the lid was higher enough, and this method would be one of the very effective measure to solve the problem.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.131-136
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• 1995

An attempt was made to elucidate the stability of serum metabolites and enzyme activities in blood samples taken from rockfish(Sebastes schlegeli), Israeli carp(Cyprinus carpio) and rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss) under different storing conditions. The concentrations of total protein(TP), albumin(ALB), triglyceride(TG), cholesterol(CHOL) glucose(GLC), phosphorus(P) and sodium(Na), and the activities of alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) in serum were investigated for 16 days at $15^{\circ}C$(room temp.) and $4^{\circ}C$ (refrigerative) condition, or frozen at $-20^{\circ}C$ for period of 30 days. Though there was a little difference between fish species, the concentrations of TP, ALB, GLC, P, Na in serum were stable at all storing temperatures, while those of TG, CHOL, ALT and AST were not stable, particularly even at the normal temperature. In general, serum components were more stable at refrigerative and frozen conditions than at room temp. storing. However, it was noticeable that the stability of CHOL in rockfish serum was found to be more unstable at $-20^{\circ}C$ than kept at $15^{\circ}C$ or$4^{\circ}C$.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.879-885
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• 2013

Fifty-four, mixed-sex, halothane-carrier crossbred (Yorkshire${\times}$Landrace) pigs with an average initial BW of $108.2{\pm}0.8$ kg were randomly allotted to one of three dietary treatments for 5 d before slaughter: i) a control corn-soybean meal finisher diet devoid of supplemental magnesium; ii) a diet supplemented with 1.5 g/kg of elemental Mg from magnesium acetate; and iii) a diet supplemented with 1.5 g/kg of elemental Mg from magnesium sulfate heptahydrate. Serum creatine kinase (CK), lactate and glucose were analyzed at slaughter. Muscles from longissimus (LM) were packaged and stored to simulate display storage for muscle lactate and glycogen determinations at 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 d. Mg supplementation reduced (p<0.05) serum CK and lactate concentration, but had no effect (p>0.05) on serum glucose. Daily change of muscle lactate concentration linearly increased (p<0.01), while glucose concentration linearly decreased (p<0.05) as storage time increased in all treatments. However, dietary Mg acetate and Mg sulfate supplementation in pigs elevated (p<0.05) muscle glycogen and reduced (p<0.05) muscle lactate concentrations, especially during the first 2 d of display, compared with pigs fed the control diet. This study suggests that short-term feeding of magnesium acetate and magnesium sulfate to heterozygous carriers of the halothane gene has beneficial effects on stress response and pork quality by improving blood and muscle biochemical indexes.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.109-113
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• 2016

Pre-analytical variables account for most laboratory errors and many factors affect the results from a patient. Type of tubes facilitated rapid separation and prevented hemolysis upon prolonged storage. However, there were some limitations associated with vacutainer conditions. To circumvent the problems, the comparability of complete blood cell count values was examined using various vacutainers. The results of the analysis showed a large coefficient variation of 0.24, 0.21 in the value of white blood cells and platelets, and significant correlation was observed between white blood cells, platelets, and the value of red blood cells (p<0.01). In each of the three tubes, compared to the value of platelets, white blood cells, the greatest coefficient variation was 0.27, 0.21. In correlation of the three companies, significant difference was observed in values of white blood cells, platelets, and platelet distribution width (p<0.01), however G and B, the value of platelets, and platelet distribution width were significantly lower (p<0.05). In conclusion, analysis of vacutainers showed that they were suitable for stability of these analytes under vacutainer conditions.