• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.103-110
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• 2002

Mulberry Leaf (Morus-alba) is effective on reducing blood sugar increase and cholesterol in the blood. The objective of this study is to elucidate the sensory and physicochemical attributes of Mulberry Leaf Boogag with different amounts of glutinous rice paste and ginger juice. Mulberry Leaf Boogag, steamed for 90 seconds, was made by puffing the glutinous rice paste and ginger juice. The ratio of glutinous rice paste is made of a double, quintuple, and octuple proportion of water to the weight of the glutinous rice paste. The ratio of ginger juice is at a rate of one, three and five percent. According to the sensory evaluation, hardness and crispiness increased as the glutinous rice paste did, and ginger flavor, bitterness and sourness increased as the ginger juice did. Optimal conditions(p<0.05) were set when the value of hardness was more than five, and the value of bitterness and bitingness, lower than five. The optimal condition of Mulberry Leaf Boogag was established when the ratio of water to glutinous rice paste was 5.5, and in addition, 3.75 percent of ginger juice must be in proportion.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.57-65
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• 1999

This study was examined the current situation of utilization of meat broth materials for the development of various broth products. The 500 housewives living in Seoul were asked. The results obtained as follows; Beef(93%) was used most frequently for making broth. In order to reduce rancid smell of broth, garlic(72%), ginger(68%), green onion(60%), onion(58%), black pepper(44%), radish(25%) were used. Most housewives used beef three or four times a month and hardly used chicken or pork for making broth. Commercial broth materials were used two or three times a month. For making broth the bricket of beef, a whole or half chicken and bones of pig were consumed most frequently. Before making broth, from flesh only blood was removed. Also housewives slightly boiled bone blood-removed in water. The older age is, the longer marriage duration is, the higher monthly income and education level is, the more beef was consumed. The higher the education level is, the more vegetables like garlic, ginger, green onion, onion, radish were used. It is suggested that in order to develop various broth products made of natural materials, the characteristics of preferred broth materials should be defined and it is necesarry to accomplish the preference test of preferred broth products.

• Food Quality and Culture
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.45-48
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• 2009

The investigation assessed the influence of Compositae plants consumption on the protein profile in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by injection of STZ (45 mg/kg body weight) into tail vein. The rats were randomly assigned to five groups: normal and STZ-control fed an AIN-93 diet, and groups whose diets were supplemented with 10% Compositae powder containing Artemisia iwayomogi (A. iwayomogi), Atractylodes lancea (A. lancea) or Taraxacum mongolicum (T. mongolicum). To observe the effects of Compositae plants in the animal model, the levels of protein in liver, kidney, lung, pancreas, and brain were determined after 4 weeks. The level of protein in kidney increased significantly in rats receiving the A. iwayomogi- and T. mongolicum-supplemented diet compared to the STZ-control group. The level of protein in lung was increased significantly in the A. iwayomogi-supplemented group. Blood glucose level correlated well with brain protein level but did not correlate with other protein levels. Also, blood glucose correlated inversely with kidney, lung and brain protein levels. It is suggested that supplementation with A. iwayomogi in diabetic rats leads elevates protein in kidney and lung.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.316-321
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• 2022

Since 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread rapidly, infecting millions of people worldwide. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared coronavirus disease (COVID-19) a pandemic owing to the worldwide spread of SARS-CoV-2, which created an unprecedented burden on the global healthcare system. In this context, there are increasing concerns regarding co-infections with other respiratory viruses, such as the influenza virus. In this study, clinical data of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses were compared with patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 alone. The hematology and blood biochemistry results of 178 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 , who were tested on admission, were retrospectively reviewed. In patients with SARS-CoV-2 and adenovirus co-infection, C-reactive protein levels were elevated on admission, whereas lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), prothrombin time, international normalized ratio, activated partial thromboplastin clotting time, and bilirubin values were all within the normal range. Moreover, patients with SARS-CoV-2 and human bocavirus co-infection had low LDH and high bilirubin levels on admission. These findings reveal the clinical features of respiratory virus and SARS-CoV-2 co-infections and support the development of appropriate approaches for treating patients with SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory virus co-infections.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.645-651
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• 2007

Male weanling Sprague Dawley rats were used to evaluate the effect of dietary rice starch with different particle size on growth performance, intestinal function and proliferation. There were two dietary treatment: rice starch (RS), ultra finely pulverized rice starch with less than $15{\mu}m$ size (PRS). They were eight rats per treatment. In vitro digestibility, body weight change and organs weight were evaluated. Serum GPT, GOT and blood urea nitrogen were analyzed. Transit time, short chain fatty acid contents of cecum, and cell proliferation of duodenum and jejunum were measured. In vitro digestibility of PRS was higher than that of RS. Rats fed ultra finely pulverized rice starch for 3 weeks grew faster than rats fed rice starch. PRS group has higher weights of liver, kidney, spleen and epididymal fat pad, perhaps as a result of increased digestibility. GPT and GOT were not different between two groups. Blood urea nitrogen was higher in RS-fed rats than that of PRS-fed rats. Feeding ultra finely pulverized rice starch resulted in a proliferation of duodenum significantly. These results suggest that ultra finely pulverized rice starch increases the growth performance in weanling animals with reduced number of cells in the cell cycle of small intestine.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.803-807
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• 2011

Human umbilical Mesenchymal Stem Cell(uMSC) has been known as one of major component to regenerate connective tissues such as bone, cartilage, fat and others. The effect of low(5%), normotensive(20%) oxygen and freezing-thawing damage on proliferation of uMSC were investigated. low oxygen concentration culture of uMSC resulted in enhanced proliferation significantly($p$ <0.05) than 20% of oxygen culture. After the freezing-thawing injury to uMSC, 5% oxygen culture showed marked proliferation of uMSC than that of 20% oxygen($p$ <0.05) in the 5th passage of uMSC. Expression of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide anion 1 and glutathione peroxidase 1 appeared marked in 20% oxygen cultured uMSC, which suggest oxidative stress could induce less proliferation of uMSC. Above findings would suggest proliferation of uMSC in 5% of oxygen will give more yields.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.526-529
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• 2002

Lysis of erythrocytes isolated from human, rabbit, and mouse blood samples was investigated with the culture supernatant of Xenorhabdus nematophilus in a primary form. Prior to use, the culture supernatant of the bacteria was concentrated and the concentrate was dialyzed against Tris-HCl buffer (10 mM, pH 8.1) by ultrafiltration using PM-5 membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 5,000. At $30^{\circ}C$, the supernatant exhibited no lytic activity towards three types of erythrocytes. However, at $4^{\circ}C$, the supernatant showed selective lytic activity towards rabbit erythrocytes within 90 min. yet did not lyze human or mouse erythrocytes. Microscopic examination clearly revealed that most of the rabbit erythrocytes had been fumed into ghost forms.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Life Science Conference
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• 2002.12a
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• pp.48-60
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• 2002

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a cytokine that stimulates the production of granulocytes, macrophages, and white blood cells. The effects of osmotic pressure on secretion of human GM-CSF into the culture medium were investigated in suspension cultures of transgenic tobacco cells. An increase in osmotic pressure caused by the addition of mannitol decreased the cell size index, with the effect being more pronounced when cells were measured wet rather than dry. Increased osmotic pressure enhanced the secretion of hGM-CSF. At 90 g/L mannitol, the maximum concentration tested, hGM-CSF was present in the culture medium at 980 ug/L. As the concentration of mannitol increased, the total amount of protein secreted also increased, but was disproportionately enriched in GM-CSF NaCl, another osmoticum, had very similar effects on cell growth and hGM-CSF production, but did not cause enrichment for hGM-CSF Additionally, protein-stabilizing polymer was added to culture broth to enhance stability of secreted recombinant protein. Finally, above two method were applied together to maximize the productivity.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.125-132
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to establish mononuclear cell cultures such as lymphocytes or buffy coat for the biological dosimetry of in vitro Irradiation of the radionuclide Tc-99m in order to exclude the effect of residual doses seen in the cultures of whole blood. Biological do simetry of Tc-99m on cultured mononuclear cells at doses ranging from 0.05 to 6.00 Gy, by scoring unstable chromosomal aberrations(Ydr) observed in cultured lymphocytes, were performed using peripheral venous blood of healthy normal person. The results showed that; (1) In vitro irradiation of radioisotope in separated lymphocyte or buffy coat showed trace amount of residual doses of isotope after washing. Residual doses of isotopes are increased in proportion to exposed time and irradiated dose without difference between I-131 and Tc-99m. (2) We obtained these linear-quadratic dose response equations in lymphocyte and buffy coat culture after in vitro irradiation of Tc-99m, respectively (Ydr = 0.001949 $D^2$ +0.006279D + 0.000185; Ydr= 0.002531 $D^2$-0.003274 D+0.003488). In conclusion, the linear quadratic dose-response equation from in vitro irradiation of Tc-99m with lymphocyte and buffy coat culture was thought to be useful for assessing Tc-99m induced biological effects. And mono-nuclear cell cultures seem to be the most appropriate experimental model for the assessment of biological dosimetry of internal irradiation of radionuclides.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.135-140
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• 2015

Background: Identifying early markers of septic complications can aid in the diagnosis and therapeutic management of hospitalized patients. In this study, the utility of procalcitonin (PCT) vs. C-reactive protein (CRP) as early markers of sepsis was compared. Methods: A series of 2,697 consecutive blood samples was collected from hospitalized patients and serum PCT and CRP levels were measured. Patients were categorized by PCT level as follows: < 0.05 ng/ml, 0.05-0.49 ng/ml, 0.5-1.99 ng/ml, 2-9.99 ng/ml, and > 10 ng/ml. Diagnostic utility was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results: Mean CRP levels varied among the five PCT categories at $0.31{\pm}2.87$, $5.65{\pm}6.26$, $13.78{\pm}8.01$, $12.15{\pm}10.16$, and $17.77{\pm}10.59$, respectively (P < 0.05). PCT and CRP differed between positive and negative blood culture groups (PCT: 15.9 vs. 4.78 mg/dl;CRP: 11.5 ng/ml vs. 9.57 ng/ml;P < 0.05). The areas under the ROC curves (PCT, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.743, range: 0.698-0.789 at a threshold of 0.5 ng/ml; CRP, 95% CI: 0.540, range: 0.478-0.602 at a threshold of 8 mg/l) differed for PCT and CRP (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Therefore, PCT is a reliable marker for sepsis diagnosis and is more relevant than CRP in patients with a positive blood culture. These findings can be useful for the treatment of critically ill sepsis patients.