• 치위생과학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.180-190
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• 2022

Background: Like direct infection from COVID-19, psychological concern about infection could affect health. Concern about COVID-19 infection was associated with individual habits to practice rules for preventing infection. Therefore, this study aimed to check occupational types and whether to practice tooth brushing after lunch depending on the occupation of economic workers and find correlations between concerns about infection due to COVID-19 pandemic and tooth brushing after lunch. Methods: The raw data was from the community health survey conducted in 2020. Among 229,269 adult participants aged 19 years and older, 138,970 economic workers were included in the final analysis. The chi-squared test was used to find differences in psychological concerns due to the COVID-19 pandemic. According to the participants, the rate of practicing tooth brushing after lunch was based on COVID-19-related psychological concerns. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to check the influence of psychological concerns due to the COVID-19 pandemic on the rate of practicing tooth brushing after lunch. Results: According to occupational classifications, professionals and office workers and career soldiers had 1.551- and 1.581-times higher practicing rates than managers, respectively, whereas machine operators, agricultural and fishery sector workers, and daily laborers had lower practicing rates. Regarding COVID-19-related psychological concerns, the group with a lower concern about infection had a 1.076 times higher practicing rate than that with greater concern. The group with greater concern about blame from neighbors had 1.119 times higher practicing rate than that with lower concern. Conclusion: The correlations between higher economic workers' concerns about infection and blame from neighbors and higher recognition of the necessity to prevent COVID-19 and practice tooth brushing after lunch were confirmed. It is necessary to prepare measures for practicing tooth brushing after lunch suitable to the characteristics of occupational types and work environments of economic workers.

• 분석과 대안
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.163-194
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• 2022

A transboundary environmental problem refers to an environmental problem that goes beyond a country's territory and damages neighboring countries. It is a difficult problem because, basically, it is a natural, rather than intentional, effect, and it is extremely hard to make a scientific consensus on the cause-effect relations between upstream and downstream nations. Air pollution, especially PM 2.5 and PM 10, is one of the typical cases of transboundary environmental problems in the Northeast Asia. This paper analyzes the constraints of environmental cooperation between China and South Korea to address transboundary air pollution issue. It argues that lack of trust and ideological hostility, rather than, scientific uncertainty, is the biggest obstacle for effective cooperation, and these hostile discourses and ideas are mostly generated by media in the downstream nation, the South Korea. In order to identify how South Korean media frames this issue, this paper searched newspaper articles in the six representative South Korean newspapers during the period of 2014 and 2020, and analyzed about 2,000 articles selected. It finds that South Korean media has framed the transboundary air pollution as a China bashing and related domestic political cleavage issue, while it neglects to show the cooperation attempts that the two countries have made to date. Also, while the media focuses on China hate frame, it has never reported the Chinese government's domestic policies to reduce air pollution and their results. Media's overuse of hate and blame frames not only has disrupted trust building but also it will delay a possible turning point of environmental cooperation between the two countries in the future.

• 한국심리학회지:법
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.309-327
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• 2020

본 연구는 판단자의 강간통념이 피해자와 가해자에 대한 판단에 어떠한 영향을 주는지 살펴보고 이러한 영향이 피해자의 강간 사건 전 일탈 행위 여부에 따라 어떻게 달라지는지 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 세 연구에서 일탈 조건과 비일탈 조건으로 시나리오를 구성하여 참가자들에게 피해자 책임과 가해자 책임, 피해자 고통 수준, 가해자 처벌정도를 평정하도록 하였다. 그 결과, 세 실험에서 모두 강간 사건 전 피해자가 일탈 행동을 보이지 않은 경우(비일탈행동 시나리오 조건)에는 강간통념 수준에 따른 강간 피해자와 가해자에 대한 평가에 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 하지만 강간 사건 전 피해자가 일탈 행동을 보인 경우(일탈행동 시나리오 조건)에는 강간통념 수준이 높을수록 강간 사건의 책임을 가해자가 아닌 피해자에게서 찾으려는 태도를 보였다. 이는 강간통념 수준이 강간 사건 평가에 미치는 효과가 해당사건의 원인을 피해자에게 귀인하기 용이한 정도에 따라 달라질 수 있음을 보여주는 증거라할 수 있다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 의의와 제한점이 논의되었다.

• 의정연구
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.45-78
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• 2019

이 연구는 민주주의 사회에 상존하는 갈등이 양극화로 이어지는 과정을 미시적으로 검토하는 작업이다. 구체적으로 유권자들의 갈등인식과 정당에 대한 호감도 간의 관계를 규명하고자 한다. 특히, 이 관계를 결정하는 데에 유권자의 정당일체감이 주는 효과에 주목한다. 유권자들이 정파성을 띠지 않는 경우에는 여야간 갈등인식이 반드시 정당에 대한 반감으로 이어지지 않지만, 유권자들이 정파성을 띠고 있는 상황에서는 갈등인식이 상대방 정당에 대한 반감으로 이어질 것이라는 가설을 2014년 지방선거 맥락에서 구축된 설문자료를 분석하여 검증한다. 분석 결과, 정당일체감이 강한 유권자들은 갈등이 심각하다고 느낄수록 상대방 정당에 대해 부정적인 감정을 가질 뿐만 아니라, 자신이 지지하는 정당과 지지하지 않는 정당 간의 상대적 호감도에도 유의미한 차이를 보임을 확인할 수 있었다. 이 연구는 이념적으로 양극화된 정치 환경에서 정당 간 갈등이 기존 정당에 대한 반감으로 이어져 양극화를 더욱 강화시키는 메커니즘을 이해하는 데에 도움을 준다.

• 아동학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.79-96
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• 2008

This study analyzed differences of role behaviors of participants in bullying according to bystanders' characteristics. Participants were 112 $5^{th}$, $6^{th}$ and $7^{th}$ grade students. Bystanders' characteristics of empathy, negative attitudes about bullying, psychological burden, distorting of consequences, and attribution of blame were classified by K-Means Cluster Analysis into three groups with similar characteristics : lack of empathy/cognitive distorting, anti-bullying, and perception of cost groups. Major findings were that : the lack of empathy/cognitive distorting group had higher levels of bullying behavior than the anti-bullying group and higher levels of victimization than the perception of cost group. The anti-bullying group showed higher levels of defense behavior than the lack of empathy/cognitive distorting group. Implications for future research were discussed.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.704-713
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was done to identify the parenting experience of mothers of premature infants in order to provide basic data for educational solutions and desirable directions. Methods: Q-methodology was used as it provides a method of analyzing the subjectivity of each item. The participants were 33 mothers of premature infants who sorted 34 selected Q-statements which were then classified into the shape of a normal distribution using a 9-point scale. Subjectivity on parenting experience among the mothers was analyzed using the pc-QUANAL program. Results: Four types of parenting experience were identified. Type I was named 'struggling', type II, 'self blame', type III, 'information collecting', and type IV, 'self-introspection'. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that different approaches to educational programs are needed for mothers of premature infants based on the four types of parenting experience.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.225-232
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• 2013

Children with abnormal liver function can often be seen in outpatient clinics or inpatients wards. Most of them have respiratory disease, or gastroenteritis by virus infection, accompanying fever. Occasionally, hepatitis by the viruses causing systemic infection may occur, and screening tests are required. In patients with jaundice, the tests for differential diagnosis and appropriate treatment are important. In the case of a child with hepatitis B virus infection vertically from a hepatitis B surface antigen positive mother, the importance of the recognition of immune clearance can't be overstressed, for the decision of time to begin treatment. Early diagnosis changes the fate of a child with Wilson disease. So, screening test for the disease should not be omitted. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which is mainly discovered in obese children, is a new strong candidate triggering abnormal liver function. Muscular dystrophy is a representative disease mimicking liver dysfunction. Although muscular dystrophy is a progressive disorder, and early diagnosis can't change the fate of patients, it will be better to avoid parent's blame for delayed diagnosis.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2002년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.11-16
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• 2002

The production of Portland cement involves maximum use of resources and energy, which leads to destruction of tile ecological environment, raising in serious environmental issues such as acid rain and the greenhouse effect. In order to combat the arising problems associated with Portland cement, it thus is necessary that a non-clinker cement should be developed. In this study, non-clinker cement is produced by blending granulate blast furnace slag with phosphogypsum as main materials, and small amounts of hydrate lime or waste lime as activators. This paper aims to investigate compressive strength according to various condition of mixing ratio, blame, W/C ratio and curing temperature. Compressive strength of non-clinker cement increases continuously according to increase in curing age and blain. Although the compressive strength is fairly comparable to that of OPC in the early curing age, it reaches a higher lever in the later age than that of OPC due to the optimum mixing ratio and the continuous reaction of slag and phosphogypsum. Results obtained from this study have shown that non-clinker cement could be used as a replacement of OPC.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.348-358
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• 2014

Purpose: This was a descriptive correlation study to identify emergency room (ER) nurses' coping types and factors affecting compassion satisfaction (CS) and compassion fatigue. Methods: During March and April 2013, 170 questionnaires were distributed to ER nurses working in general hospitals in D and C regions. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, correlation analysis, and stepwise regression analysis. Results: Compassion fatigue was most strongly affected by emotional expression for burnout and by practical support pursuit for secondary traumatic stress. Positive coping, emotional expression, position, positive reinterpretation, and self-blame explained 42% of CS. Conclusion: Results indicate that nurses with moderate levels of career had high compassion fatigue and low compassion satisfaction. Thus these nurses need to be given an opportunity to achieve self-development and improve their ability as nurses; interventions that can reinforce positive coping strategies should be provided as personal coping strategies affect compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction.

• 아동학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.115-133
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• 1999

The present study focused on the potentially adverse consequences for children of martial conflict from the children's perspective. Children's perception of martial conflict was analyzed by relationship to behavior problems (assessed by the parents) and demographic variables (child's sex and age, parents' education, father's occupation, mother's employment, mother's age and family income). Children's perception of martial conflict varied by child's age and sex, parents' education, father's occupation, mother's age, and family income. On the other hand, behavior problems of children varied not by child's age and sex but by parents' education, father's occupation, family income, and mother's age. Behavior problems of children varied by child's perception of martial conflict and by frequency of martial conflict and self-blame. Correlations between children's perception of martial conflict and behavior problems varied by child's age and sex.