• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2009년도 제38회 동계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.7-8
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• 2010

The surface conductive layer (SCL) of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamonds has attracting much interest. However, neither photoemission electron microscopic (PEEM) nor micro-spectroscopic (PEEMS) information is available so far. Since SCL retains in an ultra-high vacuum (UHV) condition, PEEM or PEEMS study will give an insight of SCL, which is the subject of the present study. The sample was made on a Ib-type HTHP diamond (001) substrate by non-doping CVD growthin a DC-plasma deposition chamber. The SCL properties of the sample in air were; a few tens K/Sq. in sheet resistance, ${\sim}180\;cm^2/vs$ in Hall mobility, ${\sim}2{\times}10^{12}/cm^2$ in carrier concentration. The root-square-mean surface roughness (Rq) of the sample was ~0.2nm as checked by AFM. A $2{\times}1$ LEED pattern and a sheet resistance of several hundreds K/Sq. in UHV were checked in a UHV chamber with an in-situ resist-meter [1]. The sample was then installed in a commercial PEEM/S apparatus (Omicron FOCUS IS-PEEM) which was composed of electro-static-lens optics together with an electron energy-analyzer. The presence of SCL was regularly monitored by measuring resistance between two electrodes (colloidal graphite) pasted on the two ends of sample surface. Figure 1 shows two PEEM images of a same area of the sample; a) is excited with a Hg-lamp and b) with a Xe-lamp. The maximum photon energy of the Hg-lamp is ~4.9 eV which is smaller that the band gap energy ($E_G=5.5\;eV$) of diamond and the maximum photon energy of the Xe-lamp is ~6.2 eV which is larger than $E_G$. The image that appear with the Hg-lamp can be due to photo-excitation to unoccupied states of the hydrogen-terminated negative electron affinity (NEA) diamond surface [2]. Secondary electron energy distribution of the white background of Figs.1a) and b) indeed shows that the whole surface is NEA except a large black dot on the upper center. However, Figs.1a) and 1b) show several features that are qualitatively different from each other. Some of the differences are the followings: the two main dark lines A and B in Fig.1b) are not at all obvious and the white lines B and C in Fig.1b) appear to be dark lines in Fig.1a). A PEEMS analysis of secondary electron energy distribution showed that all of the features A-D have negative electron affinity with marginal differences among them. These differences can be attributed to differences in the details of energy band bending underneath the surface present in SCL [3].

• 복식문화연구
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• 제13권6호통권59호
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• pp.946-959
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to examine the Korean red carpet fashion of Daejong, Bluedragon, Korean Film Awards from 2002 to 2004, focusing on nominates of female movie stars and presidents. Leading colors were black and white but pale and vivid colors were also chosen. Dresses were made of satin, chiffon, lace and velvet mainly, and patterned fabrics made strong statements among them. Based on the long and slim silhouette, there were lots of details using beads, sequins and crystal stones for manipulating lighting effects. Fur shawls along with diamond jewelry were favorite items of many stars. They preferred dresses of international brands to that of domestic brands. Esthetic qualities of red carpet fashion were categorized as decorative gorgeousness, sophisticated elegance, glamourous sensuality, paradoxical presentation, pure innocence, and Korean refinement.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.56-62
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• 2005

Fancy Yarn has developed diverse textures in fabrics, reducing the time in yarn and fabric production or apparel making in order to develop creative goods. In this study aimed to propose the use of a 4D box system to make fancy yarn shapes with loops, knops and spirals and the like. The change in texture was analysed and simulated to produce a suitable fabric image by using the fancy yarns fabric. The results are as follows. The plain weave, 2/2 basket weave, 2/2 twill weave, 2/2 2 complete broken weaves, and 5 harness sateen weaves were woven and a fabric image formed. In the case of the loop and the knop yarns fabric image, compared to the twisted fabric image the surface was covered by loops or some parts became partially black. In the case of the spiral shape it showed pattern continuity in spiral shapes 1, 2 and 3. The more twisted spirals produced a diamond shaped pattern or a twill line and a herring bone shaped twill line. An evenly distributed black fabric image appeared in 5 harness sateen weave. For the loop shape the broken weave or 5 harness sateen weave was produced; basket weave and broken weave for the knop yarn 1 or knop yarn 2; and for the spiral shape a plain fabric or 5 harness sateen weave were produced much similar to the fabric image. The surface texture of the mapped image compared to the twisted fabric image produces fancy yarn fabric images covered with loops or irregular spots caused by the knop and the spiral. Therefore it is appropriate or suitable for the simulation of tweed or woolen wool fabrics. The fabric image which produced consistent and continuous lines is therefore more suitable for simulations of twill or herringbone fabric images.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.154-161
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• 2010

주얼리 산업은 점차 다이아몬드와 진주의 거래량이 증가하면서 활기를 띄고 있으며 최근의 진주 시장은 여러 종류의 진주들이 수입되어 규모가 확대되었다. 이에 진주의 보석학 특성을 파악하고 진주의 새로운 디자인 개발의 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 본 연구는 시중에 판매되는 양식진주 중 흑회색(그레이)계열과 브라운계열의 담수진주를 보석학적인 방법으로 분석하였고 그 결과는 염색처리한 담수진주로 판명되었다. 현재 소비자들이 선호하는 초콜릿브라운과 그레이계열의 진주비즈를 사용한 디자인을 제안하고 CAD/CAM작업을 통한 예물 컨셉의 진주주얼리 디자인을 제안한다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.203-204
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• 2003

Decayed samples of marketed mungbean sprout were collected from Sacheon, Suncheon, and Dangjin cities in Korea. Initial symptom on hypocotyls was dark-brown diamond speck, which developed into enlarged sunken brownish-black spot with irregular margin, followed by softening yellowish decay. Brown speck on cotyledon further developed into irregular lesions. This study isolated the fungus Colletotrichum sp. The fungal colony was pale orange, which turned greenish gray after 1 week at $25^{\circ}C$. Colony of reverse side in a petri dish was pink. Neither conidiomata nor setae were present in the culture. Typical fusiform conidia sized 7.5-15.0$\times$2.5-2.9 $\mu\textrm$were hyaline, aseptate, smooth, and had salmon color in mass. Conidiogenous cells were phialidic, hyaline, smooth, and cylindrical with terminal distinct collarette. Basedon these mycological characteristics, the casual organism was identified as Colletotrichum acutatum. This is first report of Colletotrichum acutatum in Korea.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.479-489
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the Nd : YAG laser on the tooth hypersensitivity by the observation of the morphological changes of the dentinal surface irradiated with Nd : YAG laser by use of SEM. In 40 mandibular and maxillary molars without any carious lesion or restoration, severe attrition and abrasion, Enamel was removed with fine grit diamond bur and exposed dentinal surfaces were polished with Soflex discs. In control group (10 teeth), exposed dentinal surfaces were acid-etched with 10 % Maleic acid for 15 seconds. In the experimental group 1 (10 teeth), acid-etched dentinal surfaces with 10% Maleic acid were prepared by Nd : YAG laser (6 watts power, 1 psi water, 18 psi air) for 2 minutes. In the experimental group 2 (10 teeth), exposed dentinal surfaces were irradiated with Nd: YAG laser (10 watts power, 3 psi water, 10 psi air) until the painted black stains on the dentinal surfaces were completely removed. In the experimental group 3 (10 teeth). dentinal surfaces were prepared with Nd : YAG laser (6 watts power, 1 psi water, 18 psi air) until the painted black stanins on them were completely removed and then the irradiated dentinal surfaces were acid-etched with 10 % Maleic acid for 15 seconds. The specimens were routinely processed and observed with scanning electron microscope. The results were as follows : 1. In the irradiated dentinal surfaces, the characteristics of the melting and recrystalization on the dentinal surfaces were observed. Compared with the results in the control group, we could observe that in the irradiated dentinal surfaces, the aperture of the dentinal tubules were reduced and there were more debris obstructing the dentinal tubules. 2. In the irradiated dentinal surfaces, crater structures were commonly present and in the crater bottoms, there were a lot of bead like melted dentin structures, which had the ruptured opening in the center of them. 3. The melted dentins and cracks in the smear layer were less frequently observed in the irradiated dentinal surfaces using copious cooling water than in the irradiated dentinal surfaces using scare cooling water.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제32권5D호
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• pp.437-444
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• 2012

본 논문은 공사구간에서 사용되고 있는 교통안전표지의 생상과 관련된 문제점 분석 및 해외사례 검토를 바탕으로 공사구간에서 운전자들의 보다 안전한 주행을 도모하기 위해 공사구간 내의 교통안전표지에 형광 주황색을 적용하는 것에 대한 타당성을 평가하고자 한다. 이를 위해, 먼저 현재 공사구간에서 사용되고 있는 교통안전표지의 근본적인 형상과 색상을 검토하였다. 또한 형광 주황색을 이용하여 공사구간 교통안내시설을 제작한 후 실내 육안 평가 및 주행 시뮬레이터를 이용해 형광 주황색 사용의 효과를 측정하였다. 실내 육안 평가 결과, 현재 고속도로에서 사용 중인 황색 바탕의 흑색 글씨 또는 일반국도 등에서 사용 중인 백색 바탕의 적색 글씨로 제작된 공사구간 표지와 비교하였을 때 형광 주황색 바탕에 흑색 글씨로 제작된 안내표지, 예고표지, 갈매기표지 그리고 유도표지가 주목성 측면에서 모두 70% 이상의 선호도를 보이고 있는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 주행 시뮬레이터를 이용한 실험에서는 본 연구에서 제안하는 형광 주황색 바탕, 고속도로에서 사용 중인 황색 바탕, 그리고 일반국도 등에서 사용 중인 백색 바탕의 공사구간 안내표지를 비교하였다. 비교 결과 형광 주황색 바탕의 안내표지가 황색 바탕 안내표지 보다는 15m 전방에서, 그리고 백색 바탕 안내표지보다는 25m 전방에서 인지됨을 확인하였다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.742-752
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is the image of clothing according to the change of the dots' size was analyzed and its influence on the formation of the image of polka dots clothing was investigated. White waterdrop patterns were designed on the 12 kinds of black texture using Photoshop and CAD program in regular arrangement of diamond figure, composed of white waterdrop(0.5cm, 1.0cm, 1.5cm and 2cm in diameter) and interval(diameter : interval-1 : 1, 1 : 2, 1 : 4). Applying above specification, the photograph stimulus of 12 kinds of X-line one-piece dress with wide square neckline and without sleeve or detailed ornament was presented on a screen in the same size as when putting it on. The image of polka dots clothes was investigated by questionnaire survey. The object of the study was 320 females aged between 16 and 29. Factor analysis, one-way ANOVA, $Scheff\acute{e}$ verification and two-way ANOVA using SPSS 10.0 were carried out for data analysis. Followings are the results: 1) The image of polka dots clothing consists of 4 factors as aesthetics, brevity, dynamism and lightweight. 2) The size of the dot has a great influence on the formation of the image of polka dots clothing. 3) The evaluations of the image of polka dots clothing were different depending on the age and physical image, the personal characteristics of the object of investigation.

• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.51-61
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to examine the relation between the trend of art and fashion which predominate a certain time. In order to achieve this goal, this study intends to analyze how plasticity found in Mondrian's pictures are applied to modern fashion with its focus on formative elements. Mondrian was ahead of abstractionism, a major trend of contemporary art, and defined the theory of neo-plasticism. The theory of neo-plasticism defined by Mondrian is characterized by the limited expression of lines and shapes by using only vertical and horizontal straight lines, and right angles and four-sided figures weaved by the lines, and the use of achromatic color(black, white, and gray) in three primary colors(red, blue, and yellow). Based on his theory, he fully displayed the world of geometric abstraction. Mondrian's formative elements which have been applied in modern fashion can be divided into shape and color, For the element of shape, first, horizontal and vertical lines have been applied to patterns, trimmings, detail, and plane of textiles through simplification of design, representing proportion, balance, and stress in a silhouette, Second, plane and diamond shapes made of horizontal and vertical lines have been applied to textiles or patterns with uniqueness. For the element of color, first, three primary colors and achromatic colors are used to seek the aesthetics of balance and harmony that are produced in the strain of conflict through brightness, chroma, and complementary colors, Second, primary colors of high chroma and brightness which are much stronger than pictures are used to express a modern sense. Formative elements of neo-plasticism, which have been applied to modern fashion suggested by this study, are connected with the trend of art contemporary designers have borrowed, Accordingly, this study will become a very helpful material which provides designers with original ideas in developing materials and patterns which connect design with art.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.278-285
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is the image of clothing according to the change of the dots' interval was analyzed and its influence on the formation of the image of polka dots clothing was investigated. White waterdrop patterns were designed on the 12 kinds of black texture using Photoshop and CAD program in regular arrangement of diamond figure, composed of white waterdrop(0.5 cm, 1.0 cm, 1.5 cm and 2 cm in diameter) and interval(diameter : interval - 1 : 1, 1 : 2, 1 : 4). Applying above specification, the photograph stimulus of 12 kinds of X-line one-piece dress with wide square neckline and without sleeve or detailed ornament was presented on a screen in the same size as when putting it on. The image of polka dots clothes was investigated by questionnaire survey. The object of the study was 320 females aged between 16 and 29. Factor analysis, one-way ANOVA, Scheff$\acute{e}$ verication and two-way ANOVA using SPSS 10.0 were carried out for data analysis. The research finding are as follows. First, the image of polka dots clothing consists of 4 factors as aesthetics, brevity, dynamism and lightweight. Secondly, the interval of the dot has a great influence on the formation of the image of polka dots clothing. Lastly, the evaluations of the image of polka dots clothing were different depending on the age and physical image, the personal characteristics of the object of investigation.