• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.39-55
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• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of an uncooked powdered food(UPF) on the weight loss and changes of the biochemical nutritional status for 20 overweight and 26 obese women in Iksan area. We just replaced common breakfast and dinner of the subjects with UPF. Their dietary intake status was evaluated by 24-hour recall method. Also anthropometric and biochemical measurements before and after the UPF program were estimated. The intake of energy, lipid and protein decreased and the quality of meals improved as people started to take UPF. Due to the energy loss by taking UPF, weight and body fat decreased significantly. The percentage of the body fat was high among the weight lost, from which we judged that the process of losing weight was successful. It is hard to predict whether weight loss will occur to people who are already in shape or not, but if overweight and obesity people regularly take UPF instead of other food products, we assume that UPF will help lessening the body fat. The most positive change among biochemical changes by taking UPF was the decrease of serum lipid contents. When overweight and obesity women replaced two out of three meals with UPF for 3 month period, no significant nutritional problems occurred. It seems that the 12weeks of UPF program used in this study was effective in improving anthropometric indices without producing the deficiency of iron or other susceptible nutrients.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.496-503
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• 1999

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship among Rohrer index, and nutritional intake and biochemical status. We examined physical status, dietary intakes, serum cholesterol, blood pressure and other biochemical of children in Taejon. Thin survey was carried out in October, 1995. The subjects were 362 children, aged from 6 to 11 years old. The results were summarized as follows. By Rohrer index, 4.5% of the subjects were lean, 70.2% were normal, 17.0% were overweight and 8.6% were obese. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures of the subjects were 111.73 and 69.88mmHg, respectively. The systolic blood pressure of obese subjects(119.93mmHg) was higher than any other groups. Total cholesterol level was 160.87mg/dl, cholesterol levels in each group were not significantly different. Hemoglobin level of total subjects was 13.10mg/dl, especially hemoglobin levels of 11 year-old girls was lower than that of the same aged boys suggesting that the girls should be supplied with more protein, iron and other nutrients. Energy and protein intakes wee 86.6% and 94.5% of RDA, respectively. The nutrients above the RDA were only two, phosphorus and-vitamin C. The intakes of iron, zinc and vitamin A were lower than 50% of the RDA's. The levels of zinc and niacin were highest in obese group than any other groups. The subjects in overweight and obese groups had eaten more calories from snack and less calories from breakfast than other groups. Rohrer index was correlated with cholesterol, systolic blood pressure and creatinine levels.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.216-223
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• 2005

This purpose of this study was to investigate the nutrient intake, the health status as determined self-assessment checklist, biochemical indicators of elderly Korean women. We interviewed and 55 female subjects living alone in the Urban aged over 65 years. Information on their dietary intake was collected by 24-hour Recall method. Their health status was determined by a NSI checklist. Biochemical indicators were performed in whole blood and plasma of subjects. Except for protein, Fe, all of the elderly subjects belonged to over moderate nutritional risk. The average daily nutrient intake of the elderly was below the level of the recommended dietary allowances (RDA) for Koreans. A relationship between their health risk score and nutrient intake was observed negatively (not significantly). They had a risk of anemia as hemoglobin and hematocrit of subjects were under the normal value. Therefore, the reason that health risk score and health status badly was thought for lower nutrient intake.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.12 no.sup1
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• pp.6-11
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• 2009

Nutritional assessment is based on anthropometric, clinical, dietary and biochemical data. There is a lack of studies about the propriety of biochemical indexes for the nutritional assessment in children despite biochemical data in pediatric population are different from them in adult's in many respects. Serum albumin is useful index to evaluate the severity of malnutrition. Hemoglobin and hematocrit tend to decrease in malnutrition on account of defect of iron metabolism and to increase in metabolic syndrome on account of enhancement of erythropoiesis. But, unlike adult, total lymphocyte count is not so useful biochemical indexes in children. We should consider pediatric characteristic when interpret biochemical indexes for nutritional assessment in children, and nutritional status in children should be assessed comprehensively with anthropometric, clinical, dietary and biochemical data.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.76-83
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• 2001

This study was designed to determine serum osmolality and to investigate the association among serum osmolality, health-related factors and biochemical indices. Two hundred thirty seven elderly(86 male, 151 female : mean age 73.8) residing in the chungbuk area participated. Sociodemographic data and self-perceived health status were obtained by interview, and biochemical parameters were measured. The mean serum osmolaity was 301.2$\pm$10.1 mOsm/kg(range 240.8~328.9 mOsm/kg) and serum osmolality of the females(302.4 mOsm/kg) was significantly(p＜0.05) higher than that of the males(299.0 mOsm/kg). Only 11.0% of the elderly were within the accepted normal range(280~295 mOsm/kg) and the majority of the subjects were in a hyperosmolar state(60.8% : 296~307 mOsm/kg). It was observed that serum osmolality was reduced with increasing age but not statistically significant. There was no significant difference in serum osmolality according to marital status. Serum osmolality was significantly lower(p＜0.05) in the elderly with higher self-perceived health scores than the elderly with lower self-perceived health scores, however no significant difference was observed between the presence or absence of disease. Serum osmolality tended to be higher(p=0.06) in the elderly with difficulty in mobility than the elderly who have no problem in mobility. Serum osmolality tended to be higher(p=0.06) among drug users compared to that of non-users. There was a significant association between serum osmolality and serum albumin in females but not in males. Significant associations were shown between serum osmolality and serum transferrin in both sexes. However, there was no significant correlation between serum osmolality and hemoglobin or hematocrit except with hematocrit in females only. The results of this study indicated that the elderly were dehydrated and hydration state seems to influence health status and, the elderly should be encouraged to drink an adequate amount of fluids. Also, the hydration state is required to be assessed and considered for the interpretation of biochemical parameters.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1391-1397
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• 1999

This study was conducted to assess the biochemical nutritional status of 310 elderly(males: 130, females : 180) residing in Puchon City. Subjects were apparently healthy, home staying and aged over 60. Average height of males and females were 163.2cm and 148.5cm, respectively. Female aged over 80 showed 148.5cm, which was significantly lower than that of group aged 60~69. The rate of moderate obesity for males assessed with BMI($\geq$27) was 7.7%, and 23.4% for females. The hypertension rate assessed by SBP($\geq$160mmHg) was 8.0% and 10.5% for males and females, respectively. The proportion of hypertension with indice of DBP( 95mmHg) was 9.4% and 23.4%. The lower concentration of Hb(males: <13g/dl, females: <12g/dl) occurred in 10.7% for males and 11.7% for females. No one except a few was found with protein deficiency assessed with serum albumin, serum protein and the ratio of urinary nitrogen to creatinin. Twenty five percent of males and 35.2% of females belonged to hypercholesterolemia($\geq$ 240mg/dl). The proportion of elderly whose fasting blood sugar was higher than 140mg/dl was 23.7% and 23.2%.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.21-30
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• 2023

PURPOSE: The present study evaluated the occurrence, somatometric, biochemical, and behavioral characteristics of young Korean sarcopenic males aged between 30 to 39 years. METHODS: The study involved a total of 1,546 participants. These individuals were divided into two distinct groups based on their skeletal muscle mass index. Of these, 49 participants were categorized into the sarcopenia group, while the remaining 1,497 individuals were placed in the normal group. The researchers analyzed the occurrence of sarcopenia, somatometric, biochemical, and behavioral characteristics such as height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), skeletal muscle mass index, fasting glucose (FG), triglyceride and total cholesterol (TC) levels, systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and the drinking and smoking status. A complex sampling data analysis was performed. RESULTS: The weighted occurrence of sarcopenia was found to be 3.24%, (95% confidence interval (CI) of 2.39% to 4.36%). The somatometric contributing factors were height, BMI, and WC (p < .05). Triglyceride and TC levels exhibited statistically significant differences in the biochemical variables (p < .05). The behavioral characteristics, including the drinking and smoking status, had no statistical significance (p > .05). CONCLUSION: This study identified specific occurrences of sarcopenia and contributing factors in young Korean men.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.1236-1243
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the nutritional status of protein and lipids in the patients with alcoholic liver disease, to find an effective way of dietary management for patients with alcoholic liver disease and to obtain the materials for nutritional education for alcoholics. The subjects consist of 80 patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis(ALC) and 12 patients with alcoholic fatty liver(AFL). The control group included 57 alcoholics without liver disease(A), 32 patients with viral liver cir rhosis(VLC) and 194 normal(NL). Biochemical evaluation of nutritional status was performed by ana lyzing the profiles of protein and lipids in blood samples. The results are summarized as follows: 1) The frequency of subjects below the normal range of serum total protein was 26.3% in ALC, 16.7% in AFL and 3.5% in A. Serum albumin was lower in 41.3% of ALC. 2) The alcoholics without liver disease showed significantly higher level of serum triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol than the other groups. The alcoholic subjects had lower HDL cholesterol than normal subjects. Overall, the protein and lipids status of the alcoholic subjects in this study was evaluated to be very poor on the basis of biochemical assessments. The results suggest that alcohol abuse and poor dietary intake could cause malnutrition. An extensive nutritional education should be emphasized for the alcohol consuming population. High quality of protein and other dietary intakes from early stage of the disease may be effective in nutritional therapy for the patient with alcoholic liver disease.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.1244-1252
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the nutritional status of vitamin and minerals in the patients with alcoholic liver disease and to obtain the materials for nutritional education for alcoholics. The subjects consist of 80 patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis(ALC) and 12 patients with alcoholic fatty liver(AFL). The control group included 57 alcoholics without liver disease(A), 32 patients with viral liver cirrhosis(VLC) and 194 normal men(NL). Biochemical evaluation of nutritional status was investigated by the analysis of blood samples. The frequency of vitamin B1 deficiency in the ALC, AFL and A groups as indicated by the erythrocyte transketolase activity coefficient were 46.0%, 66.7% and 57.9% respectively. The frequency of vitamin B2 deficiency in the ALC, AFL and A groups as indicated by the erythrocyte glutathione reductase activity coefficient were 9.8%, 8.3% and 38.6% respectively. Vitamin A deficiency was not detected in the alcoholic subjects. The frequency of vi tamin E deficiency in ALC, AFL and A were 96.3%, 66.7% and 86.0% respectively. The levels of plasma lipid peroxidation products were significantly higher in the alcoholic subjects than in the normal subjects. The frequency of subjects below normal range of hemoglobin were 85.0% in ALC, 50.0% in AFL and 31.6% in A. The frequency of copper deficiency in the ALC, AFL and A groups were 48.4%, 16.7% and 17.5% respectively. The frequency of zinc deficiency in the ALC, AFL and A groups were 83.8%, 41.7% and 66.7% respectively. Overall, the vitamin and minerals status of the alcoholic subjects in this study was evaluated to be very poor on the basis of biochemical assessments. The results suggest that alcohol abuse and poor dietary intake could cause malnutrition and may be important risk factors in causing alcoholic liver disease in alcoholics. In addition, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, Cu, Fe and antioxidant supplementation may be effective in nutritional therapy for chronic alcoholics.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.574-583
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the anthropometry, biochemical parameters and electrolytes concentrations of the Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) patients according to their nutritional status at the time of admission. Thirty-three patients in the Intensive Care Unit at S University Hospital were the subjects of this study. Their nutritional status was classified as At-risk I (Mild PCM, n = 13), At - risk II (Moderate PCM, n = 9) and At-risk III (Marasmus + kwashiorkor + severe PCM, n = 11) . Anthropometeric, biochemical and dietary assessments were performed. The Patients intake of calories (75.02%) and protein (53.15%) was insufficient compare with Korean RDA requirements. The body weight and the Body Mass Index (BMI) in the At-risk III group were significantly lower than in the other groups. The percentage of body weight loss and change of body weight (kg) were significantly higher than in the other groups. The subjects were malnourished as indicated by nutritional related parameters such as serum total protein, albumin, total lymphocyte count (TLC), hemoglobin and hematocrit. Serum total protein, albumin and TLC levels were lower at the time of admission before TPN administration. But after TPN administration, they increased. The electrolyte concentrations did not show any differences following TPN administration. The nutritional status of the patients could be affect by the duration of TPN administration and the number of days of the patients hospitalization. The patients who require nutritional support need the continuous follow-up care and monitoring by a nutritional support team. (Korean J Community Nutrition 8(4) : 574-583, 2003)