• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제38권8호
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• pp.626-636
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• 2005

This study was undertaken to examine effects of dietary intake of garcinia cambogia extract, soy peptide and L-carnitine mixture on body weight gain and obesity-related bio-markers in rats fed high-fat diet for 9 weeks with or without regular treadmill exercise. Forty 5-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups; sedentary control group (SC), exercised control group (EC), sedentary formula-fed group (SF), and exercised formula-fed group (EF). The SC and EC rats were fed high-fat control diet (fat comprises$40\%$ of total caloris), and SF and EF rats were fed high-fat formula (composed of garcinia cambogia, soy peptide and L-carnitine) supplemented diet. Statistical analyses by two-way ANOVA indicated that the regular treadmill exercise significantly lowered cumulative body weight gain, total visceral fat mass, and epididymal, perirenal and retroperitoneal fat pad weights, and serum concentrations of total cholesterol and LDL + VLDL cholesterol, insulin, c-peptide and leptin. Feeding the formula also resulted in significant reductions in cumulative body weight gain and visceral fat pad weights, along with other related parameters including serum total and LDL + VLDL cholesterol levels, and hepatic enzyme activities involved in fatty acid synthesis. Statistical analyses by one-way ANOVA revealed that the formula consumption significantly improved body weight gain ($18\%$ reduction), total visceral fat weight ($20\%$ reductions), and serum total ($43\%$ reduction) and LDL + VLDL cholesterol ($54\%$ reduction) levels, as well as serum levels of insulin ($49\%$ reduction), and c-peptide ($41\%$ reduction) in sedentary rats, but failed to exhibit significant reductions in these indices in animals under treadmill exercise program. Taken together, these results suggest that the treadmill exercise per n exhibited significant improvements in body fat reduction and other related bio-markers, and so the formula consumption did not achieve a further significant reductions in these bio-markers in exercised rats. Nevertheless, animals fed the formula with regular exercise showed the most efficient weight reduction compared to other groups either fed formula without exercise or received regular exercise without dietary supplementation.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.98-105
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• 2020

Background: The purpose of this study, mosquito forecast system implemented by Seoul Metropolitan city, was to obtain the mosquito prediction formula by using the mosquito population data and the environmental data of the past. Results: For this study, the mosquito population data from April 1, 2015, to October 31, 2017, were collected. The mosquito population data were collected from the 50 smart mosquito traps (DMSs), two of which were installed in each district (Korean, gu) in Seoul Metropolitan city since 2015. Environmental factors were collected from the Automatic Weather System (AWS) by the Korea Meteorological Administration. The data of the nearest AWS devices from each DMS were used for the prediction formula analysis. We found out that the environmental factors affecting the mosquito population in Seoul Metropolitan city were the mean temperature and rainfall. We predicted the following equations by the generalized linear model analysis: ln(Mosquito population) = 2.519 + 0.08 × mean temperature + 0.001 × rainfall. Conclusions: We expect that the mosquito forecast system would be used for predicting the mosquito population and to prevent the spread of disease through mosquitoes.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.99-109
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• 2024

Objectives : In this study, we investigated the cytoprotective effect of Eriobotrya japonica L. (EJ) extract against Arachidonic acid (AA)+iron-induced oxidative stress. Methods : To confirm the cytoprotective effect of EJ against AA+iron-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells, it was evaluated by MTT assay, immunoblot anaylsis, and Calcein-AM/propidium iodide (PI) staining. Additionally, the mechanism of action of the cytoprotective effect was evaluated through molecular mechanisms. Results : EJ (100 ㎍/mL) inhibited Arachidonic acid (AA)+iron-induced cell death in a concentration-dependent manner. It also inhibited AA+iron-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS production. EJ activated the LKB1-AMPK signaling pathway. Conclusions : In conclusion, EJ has the ability to protect liver cells from oxidative stress, indicating that it is related to AMPK-LKB1 signaling pathways.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.93-108
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• 2007

본 연구에서 돼지 및 가축 사양농가의 최대 문제인 세균성 설사문제 및 각종 악취물질제거 등의 문제를 해결하기 위해 돼지의 위와 장으로부터 분리한 유산균(Stretococcus thermophilus)과 병원성세균 및 곰팡이 생육을 억제하고 장내 유효한 각종의 생리활성 물질을 생산하는 납두균(Bacillus subtilis 및 Bacillus amyloliquifaciens)을 이용하였다. 이들이 함유된 환경친화성 청정사료 첨가용 및 축분뇨 처리용 생균제를 조제하였다. 본 사료첨가용 생균제에 포함된 길항 미생물 Bacillu amyloliqutfaciens는 세균성설사의 원인균인 대장균, 살모넬라, 리스테리아, 포도상구균 등을 억제할 수 있는 길항균으로서 S. typhimurium KCTC 1926에 대하여 생균체의 경우 $10^7$배 희석 조건에서 약 91% 이상의 억제력을 나타내었고, 열처리 배양액에서도 500배 희석 조건에서 63%의 우수한 길항능력을 나타내었다. 또한, 본 연구에서 사용한 유산균(Stretococcus thermophilus)은 돼지의 위에서 분리한 균으로 위액의 강한 산에서도 생존할 수 있는 내산성의 유산균으로 장내 유효균의 증식 효과 및 병원성균인 대장균, 살모넬라, 포도상구균 등 유해균에 대하여 생육억제 효과가 있다. 본 연구에서도 S. typhimurium KCTC 1926에 대하여 생균체의 경우 $10^7$배 희석 조건에서 약 94% 이상의 억제력을 나타내었고 열처리 배양액에서도 70% 효과를 보였다. 본 연구에서 개발된 생균제를 돼지에게 먹인 결과 대조구에 비하여 설사발생 빈도가 85% 이상 감소하였으며 일당 증체효과도 12.3%로 나타나 설사예방효과와 중체효과가 인정되었다. 또한 길항균들은 20배 희석된 축산분뇨에서 생육 가능함이 확인되어 향후 액비로의 활용 가능성을 보여주었다. 이상의 결과를 종합한 바 본 연구에서 조제한 길항성 생균제 Bio-formula가 가축사료 첨가제로 개발된다면 우수한 효능으로 가축사양 농가에 큰 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2012

Objectives : This study aimed to build up information system for the 25 cases of Korean Medicine (KM) prescriptions which are used mostly often in clinic and aimed to offer information about its effect and safety to public and researcher. Methods : We used KM prescription data-bank which came from 'The Bio-informatics for herbal formula' and 'The evidence based medicine for herbal formula' projects of Korean Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM) Results : First, we analyzed prescription data and categorized 7 classes, then we built up prescription database based on it. Second, we designed and developed user functions of prescription information system, then we link it to OASIS. Third, we developed adminstration system to manage the prescription data. Conclusions : From this study we hope that KM prescription information system will be used for fusion research based on KM. Because the implemented system is linked to OASIS, we expect it will be widely used.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2019

To minimize the impact of urbanization, accurate performance evaluation of Low Impact Development (LID) facilities is needed. In Korea, the method designed to evaluate large-scale non-point pollution reduction facilities is being applied to LID facilities. However, it has been pointed out that this method is not suitable for evaluating the performance of relatively small-scale installed LID facilities. In this study, a new design formula was proposed based on the ratio of LID facility area and contributing drainage area, for estimating the Stormwater Interception Ratio (SIR) for LID facilities. The SIR was estimated for bio-retentions, infiltration trenches and vegetative swales, which are typical LID facilities, under various conditions through long-term stormwater simulation using the LID module of EPA SWMM. Based on the results of these numerical experiments, the new SIR formula for each LID facility was derived. The sensitivity of the proposed SIR formula to local rainfall properties and design variables is analysed. In addition, the SIR formula was compared with the existing design formula, the Rainfall Interception Ratio (RIR).

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2010

K-$BEtest^{(R)}$ is a well known program for bioequivalence test using a $2{\times}2$ design. Lee et al.(1998) and Park et al.(1999) suggested a $3{\times}3$ and $3{\times}2$ design, and also discussed their benefits. We developed a computer program, called BioEquiv, which can analyze some complex experimental designs such as, $3{\times}3$ design and $3{\times}2$ design including a standard $2{\times}2$ design. This program is a user-friendly one and overcomes the disadvantages of K-$BEtest^{(R)}$. The detailed statistical formula and structure of BioEquiv are presented with some examples. The comparison between K-$BEtest^{(R)}$ and BioEquiv are given with actual data analysis. BioEquiv is able to present a table of ANOVA test over some complex experimental designs. Moreover K-$BEtest^{(R)}$ and BioEquiv draw the same result when data consists of $2{\times}2$ design.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.569-578
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• 2018

To minimize the negative alterations in hydrologic and water quality environment in urban areas due to urbanization, Low Impact Development (LID) techniques are actively applied. In Korea, LID facilities are classified as Non-point Pollution Reduction Facilities (NPRFs), and therefore they are evaluated using the performance evaluation method for NPRFs. However, while LID facilities are generally installed in small, distributed configuration and mainly work with the infiltration process, the existing NPRFs are installed on a large scale and mainly work with the reservoir process. Therefore, some limitations are expected in assessing both facilities using the same method as they differ in properties. To solve these problems, in this study, a new method for performance evaluation was proposed with focus on bio-retention LID facilities. EPA SWMM was used to reproduce the hydrologic and water quality phenomena in study area, and SWMM-LID module used to simulate TP interception performance by installing a bio-retention cell under various conditions through long-term simulations. Finally, an empirical formula for Load Capture Ratio (LCR) was derived based on storm water interception ratio in the same form as the existing method. Using the existing formula in estimating the LCR is likely to overestimate the performance of interception for non-point pollutants in the extremely low design capacity, and also underestimate it in the moderate and high design capacity.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.281-287
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• 2020

Objectives : In case of herbs decoction, the ceramic or earthware pots was recommended, but not the metals, particularly iron or aluminum, which could cause unknown chemical reactions. In Korean Medical classics, it has been known that some herbs including Caulis Lonicerae Japonicae (CL) were not recommended to boil with iron pot. This study investigates the physical changes of extracts of CL with or without iron. Methods : CL was decocted with reflux cooling extraction system to prevent evaporation and volatilization. Content of polyphenol was detected by Folin-Denis method and the levels of loganin and chlorogenic acid were evaluated by UPLC. Results : The color of extract with glass beads (GB) is yellowish brown, and the iron beads (IB) is blackish brown. Polyphenol and chlorogenic acid levels were reduced in IB extracts. Conclusions : The color of extract was change to blackish brown, and polyphenol and chlorogenic acid levels were reduced in CL extract with iron. Therefore, iron pots is not suitable for CL extraction.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.1070-1074
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• 2008

광학적 방식은 백색광 LED광원을, 전기적 방식은 BIA(Bio-electrical Impedance)방식을 이용하여 동시에 측정할 수 있는 광전기적 지방측정에 관한 상관식을 유도하였다. 실험을 통해서 BIA 방식의 경우 5V 및 50kHz의 입력 교류 신호에 대해 6도의 위상차와 2.7V의 전압 강하를 확인하였다. 광학적 방식의 경우 이두박근, 허벅지, 삼두박근의 순으로 광강도가 높아지는 것을 확인하였다. 측정된 광전 방식의 값은 상관식에 의해서 20%의 퍼센트 비만도를 얻었다.