• Journal of Korea Planning Association
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.39-59
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• 2018

This study examines the relationship between the usage of public bike and physical environment factors around the public bike stations using the public bike rental history data from 2016 to 2017 in Seoul, Korea. Focusing on the different influences of determinant factors by distance to public bike station, this study identifies influential factors that affect the usage of public bike. The results of the analysis are as follows. First, both the land use and physical environmental variables of bike station areas show strong associations with the usage of public bike. Second, the usage of public bike is also associated with neighborhood living facilities, business facilities, land use mix, the distance to subway station, public facilities and universities. This finding indicates that public bike has played a role as a transportation mode for the short-distance travel and commuting purposes in everyday life. Third, this study shows that the usage of public bike is strongly associated with the average slope, traffic volume around public bike stations, distance to streams or rivers, and the types of bike lane. This finding also indicates that surrounding environmental factors play an important role in the usage of public bike. Finally, this study identifies the different influences of determinant factors on the usage of public bike by distance to public bike station. This study suggests policy implications for the potential locations of public bike stations in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.43-51
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine the current status of the use of bike parking lots in apartment complexes located in Gwangju Metropolitan City. The results were as follows. While common respondents answered the use of a bike for leisure or health, relatively few respondents answered a means of transportation such as going to school or work. It suggests that systematic plans to expand the range of using a bike should be made such as the connection of an apartment complex with a bike road. The common places to keep bikes were the entrance, the inside of the house, or stairs rather than bike parking lots because of safety problems such as theft or damage. In this regard, it is necessary to prepare clear regulation guidances to complement the safety problems of bike parking lots such as CCTV installation in the parking lots or compulsory installation of night lighting. Based on the findings, the methods to improve a bike parking lot should consider safety solutions and the complement of locations or keeping types. To activate the use of a bike, it is necessary to improve facilities to help residents' use of bike parking lots and expand their size in the future and examine the design of bike racks.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1-10
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• 2016

OBJECTIVES : Currently, the market for carbon emissions trading has been increasing. In Korea, it is known that traffic mode rate in bike transportation is low. However, if bike transportation system is encouraged and the traffic mode rate is increased, it would be possible to reduce carbon emissions through the trading market. In this study, a practical policy to activate the bike transportation system in Korea will be proposed and verified. METHODS : Past studies regarding bike transportation system in international and domestic metropolitan cities were analyzed. Moreover, detailed reviews on recent carbon emissions trading market were performed. In particular, SWOT analysis on the bike transportation system in Korea and policy topology analysis were conducted. RESULTS : Based on the literature reviews and SWOT analysis, a new bike transportation policy was proposed. Several actual plans to adopt in Korea were proposed. In addition, a new bike transportation policy was analyzed using policy typology model, and a business model related to the cost of implementing the system and CERs were also proposed. CONCLUSIONS : It is concluded that the proposed bike transportation activation policy and several practical plans to connect CERs and a business model including bus, subway, T-money and bike riders to give some incentive were effective and reasonable. It is desired that this study will help Korea to get CERs through bike transportation activation in the future.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.244-259
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• 2022

Bicycle- or bike-sharing systems (BSSs) have received increasing attention as a secondary transportation mode due to their advantages, for example, accessibility, prevention of air pollution, and health promotion. However, in BSSs, due to bias in bike demands, the bike rebalancing problem should be solved. Various methods have been proposed to solve this problem; however, it is difficult to apply such methods to small cities because bike demand is sparse, and there are many practical issues to solve. Thus, we propose a demand prediction model using multiple classifiers, time grouping, categorization, weather analysis, and station correlation information. In addition, we analyze real-world relocation data by relocation managers and propose a relocation algorithm based on the analytical results to solve the bike rebalancing problem. The proposed system is compared experimentally with the results obtained by the real relocation managers.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.63-73
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• 2014

PURPOSES : The aim of this study is to analyze economic effect of bike-sharing after its introduction in Korea. METHODS : This study reviews current bike-sharing situations in Korea and other nations. We conduct surveys on bike-sharing system's bike usage patterns and economic benefits in Changwon and Goyang cities where public bikes are the most popular in the nation. Economic benefits are itemized after reviewing relevant previous studies. Then, the survey is implemented using the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM). Then estimated benefit is compared to the cost which is necessary for bike-sharing introduction and operation. RESULTS : Using the average WTP per household, the total economic benefit of bike-sharing is estimated as much as 1.75 billion KRW to 3.75 billion KRW in Goyang and Changwon city. Using estimated benefit, economic effect of bike-sharing are calculated as 0.69 and 1.00, respectively. CONCLUSIONS : The result of this study shows bike-sharing could be useful economic policy in Korea. However, economic effect of bike-sharing differs by city.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.138-150
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• 2009

10 years ago, Korea proclaimed the bike traffic activation law. Many cities have constructed bike paths and parking lots. However, because of increased bike users, lack of bike paths, and parking lots, it is predisposed to avoidance to ride. This study suggests reasonable bike parking lots scale and estimated bike parking lots using the bike traffic assignments. As results, reasonable bike parking lots scale is approximately 5% of car parking lots, which is minimum value. Then, each city can estimate reasonable bike parking lots scale by considering the characteristics and size of cities.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.579-588
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• 2014

In this study, three signal control strategies such as Bike box, Hook-turn, and 6-phase were assessed for various traffic conditions at signalized intersections incorporating bicycle left-turn traffic. Results showed that the size of a waiting zone mainly affected the performance of signal control in both Bike box and Hook-turn. Both Bike box and Hook-turn yielded an identical vehicle delay, but Bike box produced less bicycle delay than Hook-turn by 2.5~29.9 sec/veh for undersaturated traffic conditions. For saturated traffic condition, Bike box produced less vehicle delay than Hook-turn and 6-phase strategies, but bicycle delay was found to increase at the 700 vph of bicycle traffic compared to 6-phase. Bicycle delay was greatly increased under Hook-turn and Bike box strategies when bicycle traffic was greater than 300 vph and 500 vph, respectively. It was also shown that bicycle delay could be significantly reduced by providing appropriate size of queueing space. In addition, Bike box was likely to yield less vehicle and bicycle delay than Hook-turn for traffic volume patterns investigated in this study.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.133-141
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• 2012

This study investigates structural and fatigue analyses of bike brake. Maximum equivalent stress of the model of mountain bike is 4 times as much as the model of general bike at static analysis. In cases of mountain and general bikes, maximum damage frequency at load of 'SAE bracket history' with the severest change of load becomes as much as 16 times than the most stable load of 'Sample history' among the nonuniform fatigue loads. In case of mountain bike, the possibility of maximum damage becomes 3% at the load of 'Sample history' with the average stress of 0 to $-3{\times}10^4$MPa and the amplitude stress of 0 to $10^4$MPa. In case of general bike, the possibility of maximum damage becomes 3% at the load of 'Sample history' with the average stress of 0 to $-0.8{\times}10^4$MPa and the amplitude stress of 0 to $0.2{\times}10^4$MPa. This stress state can be shown as 5 to 6 times more than the damage possibility of 'SAE bracket history' or 'SAE transmission'. The analysis result of this study can be effectively utilized for the safe design of bike brake.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.1517-1524
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• 2014

In recent years, the interest of environmental-friendly transportation modes has been growing. This is because of social and environmental problems such as increasing gas price and climate change. In Europe, bike-sharing service, one of the environmental-friendly transportation modes, has been already operated. Bike-sharing service named "Tashu" has been operated in Daejeon city since 2009. This study is a fundamental research to increase utilization efficiency of bike-sharing service and to decide optimal locations of bike stations. In addition this study examines characteristics of bike usage and analyzes factors affecting to demands using multiple regression model. Based on the result of examining of characteristics of bike usage, the rate of bike usage is higher compared with installation rate of public bike stations near parks in Daejeon. In addition demands of bike usage in weekend is higher than in weekday. It reveals that the main purpose of bike usage could be recreational activities. The return rate at the same location with rental station is comparatively high. Moreover, bike usage pattern is biased in specific areas (Dunsan and Yuseong) because bike-sharing stations are not equally located. As a result of multiple regression model, the factors affecting to demands are number of passengers in buses, length of bike lanes, parks, distance to waterfront, and rate of young people. A statistical significance of factors (r-square) is 0.748, which has strong relationship.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.7-17
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• 2010

Bicycle is one of the most important eco-friendly transport mode which can cope with global warming. ICTs(information and communication technologies) on bicycles became a dominant factor for success to the spread of bicycles to public as we experienced Public Bike System. In this paper, conceptualization and classification of u-Bike services are fulfilled and its priority was examined using AHP method. Group capabilities technique of ECII, a computer fool of AHP was invited to minimize bias on appraisal. 12 u-Bike services were conceptualized. U-service with highest adoptability was 'bike and ride' service which can link bicycle to public transportation. 'Prevention system from abandonment and theft' and 'public bike system' similar to Velib system in Paris are also considered to be very important services in u-City.