• 한국전자거래학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.55-68
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• 2002

Internet group buying systems have been widely used recently. In those systems, because the reserve price is provided by the buyer, the success rate can be decreased if the reserve price is set too low compared with the normal price. Otherwise, an unsuitable successful bid can be made if the reserve price is set too high based on inaccurate information. Likewise, the seller's providing too high a bid price can deteriorate his/her own successful bid rate, whereas a successful bid with too low a price may make no profit in the sale. Therefore, pricing agents that recommend adequate prices based on the past buying and selling history data can be helpful. In this paper, we propose two kinds of agents. One suggests reserve prices to buyers based on the past buying history database of the system. The other recommends bid prices to a seller based on the past bidding history data of the company using the cost accounting theory. Through performance experiments, we show that the successful bid rate can increase by preventing buyers from making unreasonable reserve prices. Also, we show that, for the seller, the rate of successful bids with appropriate profits can increase. Using the pricing agents, we design and implement an XML-based group buying system.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.23-33
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• 2004

Internet bid systems have been widely used recently. In those systems, the bid price is provided by the seller. When the bid price is set too high compared with the normal price, the successful bid rate can be decreased. Otherwise, when it is set too low based on inaccurate information, it can result in a successful bid with no profit at all. To resolve this problem, we propose an agent that automatically generates bid prices for sellers based on various costing methods such as the high-low point method, the scatter diagram method, and the learning curve method. Through performance experiments, we have found that the number of successful bids with appropriate profit can be increased using the bid pricing agent. Among the costing methods, the learning curve method has shown the best performance. Also, we discuss about how to design and implement the bid pricing agent.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제26권5D호
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• pp.849-859
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• 2006

최근 국내 건설업체는 최저가입찰제와 실적공사비적산제도로 인하여 수익성에 심각한 타격이 예상되고 있다. 2005년 최저가낙찰공사의 평균낙찰률은 60% 이하로 업체의 실행에도 못 미치는 수준이라고 할 수 있다. 이러한 낮은 낙찰률로 인하여 부실시공, 저가하도급, 연쇄적 기업손실 등 많은 문제점이 도출되고 있다. 여기에 정부발주 계약단가를 실적단가로 사용하는 실적공사비적산제도의 확대실시로 건설업체의 수익성은 더욱 악화될 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구는 이러한 환경에서 외국의 입찰제도를 국내제도와 비교 고찰하고 최저가입찰제와 실적공사비적산제도의 상관관계를 분석함으로써 입낙찰 제도적 측면 및 건설업체의 대응방안을 제시하여 국내 건설업체들이 향후 대응방향을 설정하는데 도움을 주고자 하였다.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.213-230
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• 2022

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to find out any potential factors for explanatory variables when calculating the virtual successful bid rate in case of no collusion. Design/methodology/approach - An empirical analysis was conducted in this study with a regression analysis that included 725 bid samples under the public construction technical type bidding. Findings - The result of the basic analysis showed that there are several factors affecting the successful bid rate. First, collusion variable; second, government variable; third, successful bidder design score variable and the number of bidder variable among bidding features; fourth, turnkey variable based on the alternative method; fifth, civil works variable and plant works variable based on building work; sixth, asset variable and the fourth-quarter performance difference variable. However, the technical proposal method variable among bidding features was found to be statistically insignificant in column(4). Research implications or Originality - The significance of this research is that new variable such as the government variable and the fourth-quarter performance difference variable were added in the regression model, which showed statistically significant research results.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.23-34
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• 2011

부동산 경매는 최근 새로운 부동산 투자방법 가운데 하나로 자리잡고있다. 이는 부동산 시장의 성장과 더불어 부동산 경매 시장 또한 증가하고 있는 추세에 기인한다 할 수 있다. 본 연구는 부동산 경매에 참여하는 사람 및 기관들에게 가장 중요한 지표라 할 수 있는 낙찰률의 변화를 설명하고 예측하는 모형을 구축하고자 하였다. 월별 평균 낙찰률을 예측하기 위하여 단순한 지역별, 기간별 평균값을 보완하고 의사결정나무 분석을 이용하여 예측오차를 보정하는 방법을 제안하였고 선형회귀모형을 이용하여 개별 경매 물건별 낙찰률을 예측하기 위한 모형을 구축하였다. 구축된 모형은 전국 아파트 경매 물건에 적용하여 예측 모형을 구현하였으며 그 응용방법으로 예측결과에 대한 등급화를 함께 수행하였다.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.95-103
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 에이전트를 이용하여 판매자와 구매자가 실시간으로 인터넷을 통하여 효율적인 입찰을 할 수 있는 희망구매가 근접 방식의 입찰 시스템을 구현하고 있다. 특히 판매자들이 제시하는 가격의 낙폭 제한선을 적절하게 조절해 줌으로써 구매자의 희망 구매가에 근접한 낙찰을 유도하고, 유찰율을 줄일 수 있는 퍼지-기반 낙폭 제한 추론 방안을 제안하고 있다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.180-185
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• 1979

각종 陰極, 卽 Ti, Zr, Ni, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Zn, Hg, Pb 및 흑연의 사용으로 2-butyne-1, 4-diol (BID)로부터 2-butene-1,4-diol (BED)까지의 電氣化學的 還元擧動에 관하여 연구하였다. IB族 金屬을 陰極으로 사용한 陰極分極曲線은 알칼리용액중에서 BID에 對해 한개의 還元波가 생기나 BED의 경우는 지지전해질내에서와 마찬가지로 還元波가 생기지 않았다. 고로 BID환원반응에 가장 적당한 陰極은 Cu, Ag, Au임을 알았다. 알칼리性 BID용액에서 銀電極을 사용한 電位走査法에서 peak電流는 電位走査速度의 제곱근과 BID농도에 比例하였다. 限界電流의 對數와 絶對溫度의 逆數의 관계로부터 구한 BID의 活性化에너지는 3.75kcal/mole였다. 고로 알칼리용액중 銀電極을 사용한 BID의 還元電流는 自己擴散에 의한 擴散電流임을 알았다.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2016

The regulation for industrial accident rate level assessment of construction companies was introduced to the construction industry in the Republic of Korea since 1993 and has brought positive outcome on industrial accidents reduction at construction work sites. There were considerable decrease of industrial accident ratio and enforcing of contrators' safety organizations from the beginning of the regulation for industrial accident rate level assessment. In spite of these positive outcomes, there were some negative effects such as contractors' shrinking accident reports to keep good accident ratios since these figures had a great impact on pre-qualification stage of bidding when general contractors were competing for new construction projects. In addition, Comprehensive evaluation bid system, which replaces the lowest price bid system is applied to government-ordered construction projects since 2016. Comprehensive evaluation bid system includes construction company's accident rate as one of the evaluation items and carries out with the industrial accident rate level assessment of construction companies at the same time. The regulations of two systems have been called for improvement to unify these different procedures and standards which have led business stakeholders to confusion for several years. This study aims to devote on lessening shrinking accident reports and to reduce the waste of business stakeholders through changing the regulation for industrial accident rate level assessment.

• Management Science and Financial Engineering
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.1-4
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• 2012

We study optimal trading strategy of a market maker with stock inventory. Following Avellaneda and Stoikov (2008), we assume the stock price follows a normal distribution. However, we take a constant expected rate of the stock return and assume that the stock volatility is an inverse function of the stock price level. We show that the optimal bid-ask spread of the market maker is wider for a higher expected rate of stock returns.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 9th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.18-24
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• 2022

State highway agencies (SHAs) typically apply a competitive procurement procedure to select contractors for their design-bid-build projects. Since the level of competition affects construction bid prices and project outcomes, the Federal Highway Agency (FHWA) suggests SHAs seek ways to improve competition among contractors continuously. However, they rarely conduct an empirical assessment of the current competition level necessary to identify room for improvement. Besides the number of bidders on a project, other factors such as winning or losing rates among the contractors in previous projects can also indicate the degree of competition; only a few contractors may have won the majority of the projects in a specific region. However, few studies have investigated such factors. This paper proposes a network analysis-based approach to evaluating contractor competition levels of highway projects using historical bid tabulation data. The proposed method provides insights into overall competition levels, the determination of competitive contractors, and winning rate distribution among contractors.