• 스트레스연구
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.86-92
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 메타분석 방법을 이용하여 음악중재가 아동 및 청소년의 불안에 미치는 영향을 알아보는 것이다. 이때 연구 대상 논문은 음악중재가 불안에 미치는 영향을 분석한 선행연구이며, 최종적으로 학술지 5편, 학위논문 28편이 분석에 사용되었다. 연구의 출판 편향은 Funnel plot과 Fail-safe N 계수를 활용하여 확인하였으며, 분석 결과 출판 편향이 연구에 영향을 줄 만큼 크지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 동질성 검증을 실시한 결과 효과크기는 이질 하였고 이에 랜덤효과 모형으로 분석을 실시한 결과 전체 효과크기는 -1.034이었다. 또한 범주형 변인에 따른 효과 차이 분석 결과는 대상 구분(Classification), 중재 장소(Intervention location)에 따라 유의하였으며, 연속형 변인에 따른 분석 결과도 규모(Size)에 따라 유의하였다.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.344-352
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• 2003

시추공 또는 선형조사선과 같은 1D측선에서 측정된 절리 자료의 샘플링 편향을 보정하는 절차를 기술하였다. ID 측선에서 절리가 관측될 수 있는 확률은 측선 방향에 대한 절리의 상대적인 방향 이외에도 절리 크기, 절리 모양 및 측선 길이 등의 복합적 요인에 의하여 결정될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 절리의 모양을 원판형이라 가정하고 절리의 방향 및 크기에 의하여 나타날 수 있는 절리 자료의 방향 편향 효과를 동시에 보정할 수 있는 방법론을 제시하고, 현장적용을 통하여 방향 편향 보정이 절리군의 방향분포에 미치는 영향에 대하여 고찰하였다. 또한, 유한 길이의 측선으로부터 산정된 절리군의 간격분포는 샘플링 영역인 측선 길이에 따라 다르게 나타날 수 있으며, 이와 같은 간격 편향에 대한 보정절차를 기술하였다.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.263-276
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• 2015

As a social being, people can cooperate and control one another through the power of reputation, which is a critical opinion of someone given by others. Nevertheless, there have been obstacles in clarifying the identity of traditional types of reputation, for they are mostly words of mouth passed among members of a society. However, due to dramatic technological advancement and widespread use of the Internet and social media, now we can clearly see and analyze written reputations, which used to be passed only from mouth to mouth. Against this background, this study examines whether a negativity bias-a notion that an event of a more negative nature has a greater effect on one's psychological state than a positive event-applies to spread of reputation online, and examines related factors and effects. To this end, reputation-related online comments left by social media users during the election period of Korea's 6th provincial election on 4 June 2014 were analyzed. For the analysis, a Bass diffusion model was used, which is based on the innovation diffusion theory. The analysis results confirmed that, at online forum, negative reputations spread more quickly and more widely than positive ones, had a greater impact, and mass media such as online news outlets had a significant influence on spread of reputation online.

• 전자공학회논문지S
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• 제34S권7호
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• pp.28-38
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• 1997

Previously, we have proposed the M-BECM(Modified-Band Edge Component Maximization), which is a symbol synchronization algorithm based on spectral line method for all-digital high speed digital communications. However, Until now, the characteristics of the timing detector based on the spectral line method including M-BECM was not analyzed, particularly the effect of a timing offset at the optimal convergence pont. In this paper, we analyze the timing dtector's characteristics of the M-BECM and present optimal design value. First, the expression for the timing detector's mean value(often called its S-Curver) as a function of the normalized symbol timing offset is derived. Next, the P $D_{bias}$, the value for compensating the timing offset at an optimal convergence point, and the bandwidth of bandpass filter in the timing detector are calculated. It is also shown and analyzed that the P $D_{bias}$ is affected by varuous factors such as the excess bandwidth of input signal, frequency offsets, noise and particularly, the excess bandwidth of input signal is a major parameter to decide P $D_{bias}$. Finally, analytic resutls are compared to simulation results.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2005년도 추계종합학술대회
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• pp.261-264
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• 2005

This paper presents the design of a down-conversion mixer with built-in active balun integrated in a $0.25\;{\mu}m$ pHEMT process. The active balun consists of series-connected common-gate FET and common-source FET. The designed balun achieved broadband characteristics by optimizing gate-width and bias condition for the reduction in parasitic effect. From DC to more than 6GHz, the active balun shows the phase error of less than 3 degree and the gain error of less than 0.4 dB. A single-balanced down-conversion mixer with built-in broadband active balun has been designed with optimum width, load resistor and bias for conversion gain and without any matching component for broadband operating. The designed mixer whose size of including on-chip bias circuit is $1\;mm{\times}1\;mm$ shows the conversion gain of better than 7 dB from 2 GHz to 6 GHz and $P_{1dB}$ of -10 dBm at 5.8 GHz

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.123-127
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• 2017

Synonymous sites are generally considered to be functionally neutral. However, there are recent contradictory findings suggesting that synonymous alleles might have functional roles in various molecular aspects. For instance, a recent study demonstrated that synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms have a similar effect size as nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms in human disease association studies. Researchers have recognized synonymous codon usage bias (SCUB) in the genomes of almost all species and have investigated whether SCUB is due to random nucleotide compositional bias or to natural selection of any functional exposure generated by synonymous mutations. One of the most prominent observations on the non-neutrality of synonymous codons is the correlation between SCUB and levels of gene expression, such that highly expressed genes tend to have a higher preference toward so-called optimal codons than lowly expressed genes. In relation, it is known that amounts of cognate tRNAs that bind to optimal codons are significantly higher than the amounts of cognate tRNAs that bind to non-optimal codons in genomes. In the present paper, we review various functions that synonymous codons might have other than regulating expression levels.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.658-668
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of psychosocial interventions on pain in cancer patients. Methods: Eight studies published between 1980 and 2012 in Korean and ten studies published between 2002 and 2012 in English met the inclusion criteria with a total of 1539 participants. Methodological quality assessed by Cochrane's Risk of Bias for randomized studies and Risk of Bias Assessment tool for non randomized studies. The data were analyzed by the RevMan 5.2 program of Cochrane library. Results: Overall, study quality was moderate to high. Effect sizes were heterogeneous and subgroup analysis was done. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) were effective for pain (ES= -0.35; 95% CI= -0.56, -0.13). Pain education studies measured with NRS and VAS were effective for pain (ES= -0.77; 95% CI= -1.01, -0.52). Publication bias was not detected. Conclusion: This study support the use of psychosocial interventions administered to cancer patients for their pain management. However, more well-designed studies are needed.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.101-113
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• 2020

The study aims to investigate the existence of overconfidence bias in Vietnam, Thailand, and Singapore. This paper focuses on the Vietnam Stock Market and other two countries of ASEAN, namely Singapore and Thailand. Data was collected over the period from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2018, daily returns for each of the securities. This paper uses the time series method, namely ADF test, Granger Causality and VAR approach to find evidences of the overconfidence effect in Vietnam in relation to some ASEAN markets. The results show similarities between the observed countries with slight variations, with focus on Vietnam market. In general concrete evidences of overconfidence were found in both Vietnamese and Singaporean markets, in which Singaporean investors show higher degree of overconfidence than Vietnamese investors. Overconfidence is not as clear in Thai market, however a direct causal link from increased returns to increased investor confidence was found. From the model deployed in the paper, there are reasons to conclude that Thai investors are under-confident. The findings of the study shed lights into the existence of overconfidence bias in Vietnam, Thailand, and Singapore on a comparative basis, provide more insights and implications for future research in this new and rising field of research.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.109-125
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• 1996

Biases and errors in the human being's reasoning process have been studied continuously by the researchers, especially psychlogists and social scientists. These bias phenomenon is classified on the basis of the origin, i. e. motivation and cognition. Furthermore the necessity of research on the bias in the management and management information system areas in increased more and more recently, which have their academic backgrounds in the psychology and social science. The biased information stream is transformed into the systematic error due to the motivation and cognitive bias of human-being, then its resulting phenomena are as follows; 1. the availability of salient information 2. preconceived ideas or theories about peoples and event 3. anchoring and perseverence phenomena. In order to reduce the information errors, Satty suggested the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) that is the subject of this paper and that is widely used for evaluation of complex decision making alternatives. THerefore this paper studies AHP's effects and its limitations in applying to the management area. Thus this paper compared the performances of the 3 models : 1 the traditional additive regression model. 2 regression model using the factor score, and 3 the regression model with AHP. As a result, 3 models produce the different outcomes.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.30-36
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• 2013

The aim of this review was to assess the effectiveness of ginseng as a treatment option for managing menopause symptoms. We searched the literature using ll databases from their inception to 26 September 2012 and included all randomised clinical trials (RCTs) that compared any type of ginseng to a placebo controls in postmenopausal women. The methodological quality of all studies was assessed using a Cochrane risk of bias tool. Four RCTs met our inclusion criteria. Most RCTs had high risk of bias. One RCT showed that Korean red ginseng (KRG) significantly improved sexual arousal and global health compared with placebo. Another RCT reported the superiority of KRG over placebo for treating menopause symptoms on Kupperman's index and menopausal rating score. The third RCT failed to show a significant effect of KRG on hot flash frequency compared to placebo. The fourth RCT found beneficial effects of ginseng compared to placebo on depression and well-being. In conclusion, the evidence on ginseng as an effective treatment for managing menopause symptoms is limited. Most of the RCTs are burdened with a high risk of bias. Thus firm conclusions cannot be drawn. Rigorous studies seem warranted.