• Title/Summary/Keyword: beta test

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The Effect Organizational Justice on Organizational Citizenship Behavior focus on Nurses in Secondary Hospitals (임상간호사의 조직공정성이 조직시민행동에 미치는 영향 : 2차 의료기관을 대상으로)

  • Chang, Kyung-Wha
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.16 no.11
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    • pp.7648-7655
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    • 2015
  • Nursing service quality can vary depending on the work attitude and behavior of nurses. Nursing attitude and behavior that can be described as voluntary and proactive organizational citizenship behavior(OCB). OCB affects the work performance of nurses in clinical practice is very important and organizational justice is an important influencing factors of OCB. The purpose of this study was to determine the influential factors of organizational justice on OCB of nurses. The descriptive-correlational method was applied. The study was carried out less than a 500-bed hospital. Participants of the study included 230 nurses working in secondary hospitals. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression with the 18.0 SPSS/Window program. Considering the components of organizational justice, there was a significant positive correlation(r=.172~.540, p=.000) between OCB and distributive, procedural and interactional justice. Also, Total organizational justice explained 29.1% of total OCB with influencing factor (${\beta}$=.540) and was statistically significant(F=93.777, p=.000). The influencing factors to OCB were distributive justice(${\beta}$=.283) and interactional justice(${\beta}$=.249) except procedural justice. The findings suggest that strategies of nursing management are needed to focus on distributive justice for compensation and interactional justice for social relationship in order to induce nurses' organizational citizenship behavior.

A 4 week Randomized, Double-blind Human Trial to Compare the Efficacy and Safety of Aureobasidium pullulans Cultured Solution and Placebo on Improvement of Immune in Subjects (흑효모배양액 분말의 면역관련 사이토카인에 미치는 영향에 대한 무작위 배정 임상연구)

  • Choi, Hae-Yun;Kim, Jong-Dae;Park, Mee-Yeon
    • Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.83-91
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    • 2009
  • $\beta$-glucan is a fiber-type complex sugar (polysaccharide) derived from the cell wall of baker's yeast, oat and barley fiber, and many medicinal mushrooms, such as maitake. The primary uses of $\beta$-glucan are to enhance the immune system, to lower blood cholesterol levels and to treat tumor. $\beta$-glucan has no systemic toxicity in mice, therefore it needed clinical trail to prove efficacy and safety for human. The subjects total 56 healty volunteers were divided into two groups including taken $\beta$-glucan tablet group and placebo group. Subjects were taken two tablets per oral for 4 weeks. They had agreed to take part in this experiment, and didn't take any other clinical trail products. After 4 weeks blood of subjects were checked. The check list are TNF-$\alpha$, INF-$\gamma$, IL-2, IL-4, total WBC, differential WBC, RBC, hemoglobin, platelet, MCV, MCH, MCHC, HCT, Na, K, Ca, Cl, AST, ALT, ALP, $\gamma$-GTP, total protein, triglyceride, total cholesterol, total bilirubin, albumin, uric acid, creatinine, BUN, pH, protein, glucose, ketone body, blood, bilirubin. We evaluated efficacy by cytokines that compare before and after taking. Collected data were analyzed as two sample t-test, chi-square test and ANOVA using SAS V.9.1.This study results are that in TNF-$\alpha$ of $1^{st}$ efficacy measurement item, all of two groups figure were increased significantly compare to before figure. In IL4 of $2^{nd}$ efficacy measurement item, experimental group figure were decreased significantly but placebo group figure were increased. The conclusions show that based on the above results, $\beta$-glucan has favorable effect to enhance immune system, especially IL4 results showed that it has effect to improve the allergic immune system.

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Effect of Self-Leadership and Resilience on College Adjustment in Nursing Students (간호대학생의 셀프리더십과 회복탄력성이 대학생활 적응에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Jeong-sook
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.17 no.10
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    • pp.253-260
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    • 2016
  • This study was conducted to examine the effect of self-leadership and resilience on the college adjustment of nursing students. The data were collected from May 20 to June 10, 2016, by questionnaire from 232 nursing students. The instruments for this study were self-leadership, resilience, and college adjustment. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regression with the SPSS/WIN 18.0 program. According to the results, the general characteristics of the nursing students having a significant effect on their college adjustment were the school year (F=4.952, p=.002) and major satisfaction (F=13.052, p<.001). The correlations among self-leadership, resilience, and college adjustment were significant. The significant factors influencing their college adjustment were their positive tendencies (${\beta}=0.494$, p<.001) of resilience, behavior-focused strategies (${\beta}=-0.247$, p<.001) and natural reward strategies (${\beta}=0.168$, p=.015) of self-leadership. In conclusion, attention should be paid to such actions as regular consultations to improve the major satisfaction of nursing students and it is necessary to develop a program that increases their positive tendencies, behavior-focused strategies, and natural reward strategies. Thus, it is necessary to provide support so that nursing students can continue their university life and be able to grow as healthy adults.

The Influence of Health Locus of Control, Social Support, and Self-Efficacy on Health Promoting Behavior in Middle-Aged Adults (중년성인의 건강통제위, 사회적지지, 자기효능감이 건강증진행위에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Jihyun;Kwon, Myoungjin;Jung, Sunkyung
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.494-503
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    • 2017
  • This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the Health Locus of Control (HLC), social support (SS), self-efficacy (SE) and Health Promoting Behavior (HPB) in middle-aged adults and the factors influencing their HPB. Data were collected from 137 middle-aged adults in the cities of Chungbuk and Chungnam for 2 months from July to August 2016 using structured questionnaires. The data collected were analyzed by descriptive statistics, the t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlations, and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that the HPB varied significantly according to the subjective health (F=10.14, p<.001) and economic level (F=3.32, p= .039) among the general characteristics. In the relationship between the major variables, the HPB showed a significant positive correlation with the SE (r=.44, p<.001) and SS (r=.45, p<.001). A multiple regression analysis was conducted to examine the effects of the general characteristics, HLC, SE, and SS on the HPB, and the results showed that the factors influencing the HPB were the subjective health status (${\beta}=.24$, p=.002), SE (${\beta}=.29$, p<.001), and SS (${\beta}=.30$, p<.001), and these factors showed a combined explanatory power of 36.4%. The results of this study suggest that the SE and SS are important factors affecting the HPB. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and apply a health promotion program reflecting the SE and SS, in order to (promote) the (HPB) of middle-aged adults.

Influences of Dementia Knowledge and Dementia Attitude on Physical Activity of Old-Old Elderly (일지역 후기노인의 치매인식도와 치매태도가 신체활동에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Jeong-Hwa;Suh, Soon-Rim;Kim, Eun-Hwi
    • 한국노년학
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    • v.37 no.2
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    • pp.369-383
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    • 2017
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate levels of dementia knowledge, dementia attitude, and physical activities and whether dementia knowledge and dementia attitude affect physical activities in old-old elderly who had high risk of dementia. A descriptive study design was used. Participants were 218 old-old elderly above 75 years at 9 elderly welfare facilities in K county from June 1 to 30 in 2016. Collected data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, hierarchical regression using SPSS WIN 18.0 program. The mean scores of dementia knowledge, dementia attitude, and physical activity of participants were low, there were positive correlations between dementia knowledge and dementia attitude (r=.380, p<.001), and physical activities (r=.211, p=.002), and between dementia attitude and physical activities (r=.380, p<.001). The significant predictors of physical activities were dementia attitude (${\beta}=.271$, p<.001), gender (${\beta}=.207$, p=.003) and education level (${\beta}=.184$, p=.023). These variables explained 28.8% of physical activities. In conclusion, we need to develop a customized multifactorial physical activity program with considering dementia knowledge and dementia attitude especially for old-old elderly women with low education level.

Effect of Resilience on Academic Burnout of Nursing Students (간호대학생의 리질리언스가 학업소진에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Eunha
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.20 no.6
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    • pp.178-187
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    • 2019
  • This study was to identify the effect of resilience on academic burnout of nursing students. The participants were 300 students of nursing college located in C do, Korea through a questionnaire. Data were collected from November 1 to 16, 2018. The collected data were complied using the SPSS/WIN 24.0 statistic program with Paired t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's Correlation coefficient, Multiple Regression. The results were as follows. The mean scores were resilience $61.40({\pm}12.96)$, academic burnout $41.49({\pm}7.50)$ and a statistically significant relationship between resilience and academic burnout (r=-.512, ${\rho}<.001$). Multiple regression analysis revealed that academic burnout of nursing students was significantly affected by satisfaction of nursing major(${\beta}=.380$, ${\rho}<.001$), health status(${\beta}=.171$, ${\rho}=.040$), resilience(${\beta}=-.333$, ${\rho}<.001$) and The coefficient of determination for these factors, $R^2$ showed an explanation force of 41.0%. Resilience was associated with lower levels of academic burnout. These findings suggest that it is necessary to develop a nursing educational program in order to recognize the importance of developing resilience and to manage the academic burnout.

Antigenicity of Whey Protein Hydrolysates against Rabbit Anti ${\beta}-Lactoglobulin$ Antiserum (토끼 항 ${\beta}-Lactoglobulin$ 항혈청에 대한 유청단백질 가수분해물의 항원성)

  • Lee, Soo-Won;Ha, Woel-Kyu;Juhn, Suk-Lak;Kim, Jung-Wan;Shon, Dong-Hwa;Lee, Jae-Young
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.26 no.5
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    • pp.532-538
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    • 1994
  • In order to investigate the lowering effects of in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis by the treatment of chymotrypsin, trypsin, pancreatin, or protease from Aspergillus oryzae on the antigenicity of whey protein(WPI) against rabbit anti ${\beta}-LG$ antiserum, competitive inhibition ELISA(cELISA) and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis(PCA) test using guinea pig were performed. The results of cELISA showed that the monovalent antigenicity of the whey protein hydrolysates(WPH) to the antiserum was decreased to $10^{-1.7}{\sim}10^{-4.1}$ and less by the hydrolysis. Especially, the antigenicity of OUP(hydrolysate by protease from Asp. oryzae with preteatment of pepsin) was found almost to be removed. By the heterologous PCA the polyvalent antigenicity of the WPH was decreased to $1/2{\sim}1/128$ and less. Especially, the polyvalent antigenicity of OUN(hydrolysate by protease from Asp. oryzae without preteatments) was found almost to be removed, although OUN did not have so high degree of hydrolysis(DH) or so low monovalent antigenicity (reduced to $10^{-3.2}$). Therefore, this result was assumed to come from effective destruction of antigenic determinants on ${\beta}-LG$ in WPI, not to produce polyvalent antigenic peptides that are closely associated with induction of allergy. This finding suggested that WPH prepared by the treatment of microorganic protease from Asp. oryzae would be a material for hypoallergenic infant formula due to the removal of the polyvalent antigenicity of ${\beta}-LG$, the major milk allergen in WPI.

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Association Between $\beta_2$ Adrenoceptor Polymorphisms and Atopy/serum IgE in Asthmatic Patients ($\beta_2$ 교감신경 수용체 다형성이 아토피 및 혈청 IgE에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Sin-Hyung;Shim, Jae-Jeong;Kang, Yong-Koo;Jeong, Hye-Cheol;Kim, Kyung-Kyu;Kwon, Young-Hwan;Kim, Je-Hyeong;Lee, Sung-Yong;Lee, So-Ra;Lee, Sang-Youb;Cho, Jae-Youn;In, Kwang-Ho;Yoo, Sa-Hwa;Kang, Kyung-Ho
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.46 no.6
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    • pp.826-835
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    • 1999
  • Background : The $\beta_2$ adrenergic receptor ($\beta_2$ AR) polymorphisms occurring at amino acid position 16 (Arg to Gly), 27 (Gln to Glu), 34 (Val to Met), and 164 (Thr to Ile) are known to be functionally relevant and also disease-modifying in subjects with asthma. However the contribution of these polymorphisms to the development of the asthmatic phenotype or other markers for allergic disease remains to be established. Methods : 109 patients with bronchial asthma and 42 healthy person were included. Serum total IgE, allergen specific IgE, and skin prick test were performed to all of the subjects. $\beta_2$ AR polymorphisms were checked by mutated allele specific amplification (MASA) method. Results : The results were as follows. The frequencies of $\beta_2$ AR polymorphisms in asthmatic patients and healthy person were not statistically different(p>0.05). There was no association between $\beta_2$ AR polymorphisms of amino acid position 16, 27, 34 and the existence of atopy among asthmatic patients(p>0.05). Between asthmatic patients with or without elevated IgE level and $\beta_2$ AR polymorphisms of amino acid position 16, 27, 34, there was no statistically significant association(p>0.05). Conclusion : There was no difference in frequency of the $\beta_2$ AR polymorphism between asthmatic patients and healthy person. In the bronchial asthma, association of $\beta_2$ AR polymorphism and atopy/serum total IgE was not found.

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Effect of Guibi-tang on Neuronal Apoptosis and Cognitive Impairment Induced by Beta Amyloid in Mice

  • Lee, Ju-Won;Cho, Dong-Guk;Cho, Woo-Sung;Ahn, Hyung-Gyu;Lee, Hyun-Joon;Shin, Jung-Won;Sohn, Nak-Won
    • The Journal of Korean Medicine
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    • v.35 no.4
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    • pp.10-23
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    • 2014
  • Objectives: This study evaluated the effects of Guibi-tang (GBT) on neuronal apoptosis and cognitive impairment induced by beta amyloid ($A{\beta}$), (1-42) injection in the hippocampus of ICR mice. Methods: $A{\beta}$ (1-42) was injected unilaterally into the lateral ventricle using a Hamilton syringe and micropump ($2{\mu}g/3{\mu}{\ell}$, $0.6{\mu}{\ell}/min$). Water extract of GBT was administered orally once a day (500 mg/kg) for 3 weeks after the $A{\beta}$ (1-42) injection. Acquisition of learning and retention of memory were tested using the Morris water maze. Neuronal damage and $A{\beta}$ accumulation in the hippocampus was observed using cresyl violet and Congo red staining. The anti-apoptotic effect of GBT was evaluated using TUNEL labeling in the hippocampus. Results: GBT significantly shortened the escape latencies during acquisition training trials. GBT significantly increased the number of target headings to the platform site, the swimming time spent in the target quadrant, and significantly shortened the time for the 1st target heading during the retention test trial. GBT significantly attenuated the reduction in thickness and number of CA1 neurons, and $A{\beta}$ accumulation in the hippocampus produced by $A{\beta}$ (1-42) injection. GBT significantly reduced the number of TUNEL-labeled neurons in the hippocampus. Conclusion: These results suggest that GBT improved cognitive impairment by reducing neuronal apoptosis and $A{\beta}$ accumulation in the hippocampus. GBT may be a beneficial herbal formulation in treating cognitive impairment including Alzheimer's disease.

Prediction of Quality of Life among the Elderly at Care Facilities for the Elderly according to Health States, Physical and Cognitive Functions, and Social Supports-Focused on D Metropolitan City (노인요양시설 노인의 건강상태, 신체적, 정신적 기능, 사회적 지지에 따른 삶의 질 예측요인-D 광역시를 중심으로-)

  • Kim, Jong-Im
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.16 no.7
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    • pp.4656-4667
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    • 2015
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate relations among the quality of life, health states, physical functions, cognitive functions, and social supports of the elderly at care facilities. The subjects include the elderly that were living in care facilities in some urban areas and aged 65 or older. The data of total 260 old people were used in analysis. Collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. The elderly at care facilities, who were considered as physically and cognitive vulnerable, scored higher means on quality of life when they were satisfied with the length of stay and sleeping state, had higher subjective health states, had no tooth inconvenience and forgetfulness, suffered from a lower level of depression, had better cognitive functions, and received higher social supports. Quality of life had correlations with the sleeping state(r=-.20, p<.001), subjective health state(r=-.24, p<.001)s, depression(r=-.30, p<.001), and social supports(r=.30, p<.001). Social supports(${\beta}=.30$, p<.001), depression(${\beta}=-.25$, p<.001), subjective health states(${\beta}=-.22$, p<.001), length of stay(${\beta}=-.22$, p<.001), and sleeping state(${\beta}=-.12$, p=.025) turned out to predict the quality of life of the elderly at care facilities and have close relations with it. In short, the quality of life of the elderly is related to many different factors at care facilities. The findings indicate that nursing interventions and managements for quality of life require a mental and social approach or a whole person approach with a focus on the understanding of individual senior citizens rather than on physical activities and diseases.