• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.31-49
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• 2016

Objectives The study was designed to evaluate the healing effects of Joaguihwan (JGH) extract on Anti-oxidation, Anti-inflammatory in RAW 264.7 Cells and factors related with bone metabolism in skull fractured Rat. Methods The fracture healing effect of JGH was measured by scavenging activities of1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) and nitric oxide (NO) in RAW 264.7 cells. The inhibitory effect against the production of inflammatory mediators including interleukin-$1{\beta}$ (IL-$1{\beta}$), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necosis factors-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$) expression was inhibited in RAW 264.7 cells was experimented using JGH. The effects of JGH on healing fractured rats was measured by osteocalcin, calcitonin, CTXII, TGF-${\beta}$, BMP-2, Insulin, ALP in the serum. and was checked every 3 weeks from 0 week to 6week using x-ray. Results 1. DPPH free radica and ABTS scavenging activity of JGH were increased according to concentration of JGH in RAW 264.7 Cells. 2. In the experiment, NO, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$ all showed decrease, in general. Especially NO and IL-$1{\beta}$ showed significantly decrease at a concentration of 10, 100 (${\mu}g/ml$). 3. In the production of osteocalcin in the serum, JGH 200, 400 mg/kg experimental group showed significant increased effect at 2 weeks. 4. In the production of calcitonin in the serum. JGH 200 mg/kg experimental group showed significant increased effect at 4, 6 weeks. JGH 400 mg/kg experimental group showed significant increased effect at 2, 4, 6 weeks. 5. In the production of CTX, TGF-${\beta}$, BMP-2 in the serum, experimental group showed increased effect. but no significant effect. 6. In the production of insulin in the serum. JGH 200, 400 mg/kg experimental group showed significant decrease effect at 2, 4, 6 weeks. 7. In the production of ALP in the serum. JGH 200 mg/kg experimental group showed significant increased effect at 2, 4, 6 weeks. JGH 400 mg/kg experimental group showed significant increased effect at 4, 6 weeks. 8. In the change of X-ray, the experimental group showed better healing effects on skull fractured rats than control group. Conclusions From above results, JGH showed healing effect on Anti-oxidation, Anti-inflammatory in RAW 264.7 Cells, factors related with bone metabolism in the serum of skull fractured rat and x-ray, which is expected to be applied in clinics.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.219-222
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• 2005

The a-subunit of Escherichia coli tryptophan synthase (${\alpha}TS$), a component of the tryptophan synthase ${\alpha}_2{\beta}_2$ complex, is a monomeric 268-residues protein (Mr = 28,600). ${\alpha}TS$ by itself catalyzes the cleavage of indole-3-glycerol phosphate to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and indole, which is converted to tryptophan in tryptophan biosynthesis. Wild-type and P28L/Y173F double mutant ${\alpha}$-subunits were overexpressed in E. coli and crystallized at 298 K by the hanging-drop vapor-diffusion method. X-ray diffraction data were collected to $2.5{\AA}$ resolution from the wild-type crystals and to $1.8{\AA}$ from the crystals of the double mutant, since the latter produced better quality diffraction data. The wild-type crystals belonged to the monoclinic space group C2 ($a=155.64{\AA}$, $b=44.54{\AA}$, $c=71.53{\AA}$ and ${\beta}=96.39^{\circ}$) and the P28L/Y173F crystals to the monoclinic space group $P2_1$ ($a=71.09{\AA}$, b=52.70, $c=71.52{\AA}$ and ${\beta}=91.49^{\circ}$). The asymmetric unit of both structures contained two molecules of ${\alpha}TS$. Crystal volume per protein mass ($V_m$) and solvent content were $2.15{\AA}^3\;Da^{-1}$ and 42.95% for the wild-type and $2.34{\AA}^3\;Da^{-1}$ and 47.52% for the double mutant.

• Particle and aerosol research
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.111-120
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• 2012

In Daegu, a road cleaning system was constructed in the central part of the city and has been operated from April, 2011. We evaluated the effect of the system on the concentration of $PM_{10}$ at a roadside monitoring site. The ambient $PM_{10}$ concentration data were logged every 1 min for a period of 20 weeks from May to October, 2011, by means of light scattering method, and then every 5 min data were used in the statistical analysis. The measured data were verified by comparing them with beta-ray data obtained at the same site. Correlation coefficient between the two groups was highly significant (r=0.79), though the absolute levels of light scattering data appeared to be approximately 2.8 times higher than the beta-ray data. Diurnal, daily, weekly, and monthly variations of $PM_{10}$ data did not show any evidence of decreasing effect owing to the clean road system. A comparison of roadside $PM_{10}$ data with non-roadside data also revealed very similar pattern, implying the variation of the $PM_{10}$ concentrations is mainly affected by the traffic conditions near the monitoring site. However, if the operating conditions of the clean road system can be improved, i.e. increasing the frequency and duration of water cleaning, the road cleaning effect may improve the air quality indirectly by means of removing the resuspended particles from the road.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.198-202
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• 2002

Degummed silk from Bombyx mori was dissolved in 9.3M lithium bromide solution. The regenerated silk fibroin films were completely ${\alpha}$-randomcoil type as shown by x-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. The structural changes in silk fibroin induced by immersion into methanol and dilute hydrochloric acid and its photo-yellowing effect was studied. The changes of crystallinity were measured by infrared spectrometer. Yellowness index caused by ultraviolet irradiation were observed as a function of the structural change on silk fibroin. On treatment with methanol, ${\alpha}$-randomcoil silk film is converted to the ${\beta}$-form structure. After the treatment of hydrochloric acid on ${\beta}$-form structure in silk induced by immersion into methanol, ${\beta}$-form in silk fibroin is partially decreased. Crystallization owing to ${\beta}$-form transition reduced the initial yellowness index by ultraviolet irradiation. A little ${\beta}$-form structure in silk fibroin increased the initial yellowness in comparison with more ${\beta}$-form structure.

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.09a
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• pp.310-311
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• 2011

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.36 no.10
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• pp.1075-1079
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• 1999

LaSrCoO3 thin films were spin-coated onto the SrTiO3(100) substrates by the chemical solution process. X-ray diffraction $\theta$-2$\theta$ scans and X-ray diffraction $\beta$ scans were used to determine the crystallinity and in -plane alignment behavior of the films. The X-ray diffraction pattern showed the film obtained by annealing at 80$0^{\circ}C$ was highly oriented. The X-ray diffraction pole-figure analysis and reciprocal-space mapping (2$\theta$-$\Delta$$\omega$ scans) of the resulting film showed that the film comprising the pseduocubic phase had an epitaxial relationship with the SriO3 substrate.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.619-628
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• 2019

In this paper, we designed a beta ray sensor for a true random number generator. Instead of biasing the gate of the PMOS feedback transistor to a DC voltage, the current flowing through the PMOS feedback transistor is mirrored through a current bias circuit designed to be insensitive to PVT fluctuations, thereby minimizing fluctuations in the signal voltage of the CSA. In addition, by using the constant current supplied by the BGR (Bandgap Reference) circuit, the signal voltage is charged to the VCOM voltage level, thereby reducing the change in charge time to enable high-speed sensing. The beta ray sensor designed with 0.18㎛ CMOS process shows that the minimum signal voltage and maximum signal voltage of the CSA circuit which are resulted from corner simulation are 205mV and 303mV, respectively. and the minimum and maximum widths of the pulses generated by comparing the output signal through the pulse shaper with the threshold voltage (VTHR) voltage of the comparator, were 0.592㎲ and 1.247㎲, respectively. resulting in high-speed detection of 100kHz. Thus, it is designed to count up to 100 kilo pulses per second.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.338-347
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• 2021

In this paper, the beta-ray sensor circuit used in the true random number generator was designed using DB HiTek's 0.18㎛ CMOS process. The CSA circuit proposed a circuit having a function of selecting a PMOS feedback resistor and an NMOS feedback resistor, and a function of selecting a feedback capacitor of 50fF and 100fF. And for the pulse shaper circuit, a CR-RC2 pulse shaper circuit using a non-inverting amplifier was used. Since the OPAMP circuit used in this paper uses single power instead of dual power, we proposed a circuit in which the resistor of the CR circuit and one node of the capacitor of the RC circuit are connected to VCOM instead of GND. And since the output signal of the pulse shaper does not increase monotonically, even if the output signal of the comparator circuit generates multiple consecutive pulses, the monostable multivibrator circuit is used to prevent signal distortion. In addition, the CSA input terminal, VIN, and the beta-ray sensor output terminal are placed on the top and bottom of the silicon chip to reduce capacitive coupling noise between PCB traces.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.158-160
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• 2001

${\beta}-Ga_2O_3$ nanobelts and nanoparticles were synthesized by a thermal annealing of as-milled GaN powders at $930^{\circ}C$ in nitrogen and oxygen atmosphere. respectively. The width of the nanobelts are $20\;nm{\sim}1000\;nm$. the thickness of the nanobelts are 100 nm. A bundle of the nanobelts is several centimeters in length. The lattice structure of these nanobelts and nanoparticles was identified to be a monoclinic ${\beta}-Ga_2O_3$ by X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and selected area electron diffraction (SAED).

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.846-848
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• 2009

Two modifications of the ${\alpha}\;and\;{\beta}$ forms of propyl mercaptan nickel(II) cluster, [$Ni_6(SCH_2CH_2CH_3)_{12}$], have been synthesized and their crystal structures have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The alkyl groups are away from $Ni_6$ ring in $\alpha$ form whereas they are near to the Ni atom in $\beta$ form. The distance of Ni-H in $\beta$ form [2.576(5) $\AA$] is much shorter than that in $\alpha$ form [3.101(2) $\AA$]. In the crystal lattice of $\beta$ form, the whole structure forms a flower shape.