• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.258-265
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• 2010

본 연구는 편마비 환자 중 슬관절 과신전으로 인해 균형 및 보행 장애를 보이는 환자들에게 슬관절 움직임 제한 보조기로 과신전을 제한시킨 연구군과, 치료사의 손으로 과신전을 제한시킨 대조군으로 나누어 전통적인 물리치료를 실시해 치료 전, 후와 두 간을 비교하여, 슬관절 움직임 제한 보조기가 슬관절 과신전이 있는 편마비 환자의 균형과 보행에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구 대상은 서울 참병원에서 편마비로 인하여 편마비라고 진단 받고 입원 및 통원 치료를 하는 환자 중 슬관절 과신전을 보이는 20명을 대상으로 무작위로 연구군과 대조군으로 나누어 연구 전, 후를 BBS (Berg Balance Scale), TUG (Time Up & Go Test), 보행 능력 평가를 이용하여 측정 비교 하였다. BBS를 이용해 균형능력을 측정한 결과 연구군, 대조군 모두에서 실험 전, 후에 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 또한 TUG를 이용한 균형능력 측정 결과에서도 연구군, 대조군 모두에서 실험 전, 후에 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 보행 능력 검사를 이용해 보행능력 평가를 한 결과 연구군, 대조군 모두에서 실험 전, 후에 유의한 차이를 보였다 (p<0.05). 균형 및 보행능력을 주 단위로 측정한 결과 연구군과 대조군 모두에서 유의한 증가를 보였고 (p<0.05), 두군 간에는 균형능력에서만 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 하지만 그래프상으로 봤을 때 연구군에서 균형과 보행능력의 더 많은 증가를 보였다. 본 연구 결과 슬관절 움직임 제한 보조기를 사용한 슬관절 과신전 제한 후 치료는 편마비 환자의 보행능력 증진에는 유의한 효과가 없었지만, 균형능력 증진에 유의한 효과가 있었다.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.146-151
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• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects rhythmic and non-rhythmic aerobic exercises on depression and balance of healthy elderly people. Design: Randomized controled trial. Methods: Nineteen older subjects were randomly divided into 2 groups for rhythmic and non-rhythmic aerobic exercises. Both aerobic exercises consisted of functional movements such as turning in opposite directions, and running in place, the exercise consisted of movements that could activate balance. The rhythmic training group initially used music with 8 beats, and then later progressed to 16 beats. Additionally, we adjusted the pace of the music using songs from 125 beats per minute (bpm) to 160 bpm. Both groups were exercised for 50 minutes a day, twice a week, for a total of 8 weeks. We measured the condition of the patients before the intervention, and after 8 weeks of intervention. The Beck depression inventory (BDI) was used to measure the degree of depression. The Berg balance scale (BBS) was used to measure static and dynamic balance ability. We measured the subject's subjective balance confidence using the fall efficacy scale (FES). Results: Both groups showed significant improvement in BDI, BBS, and FES (p<0.05). The rhythmic aerobic exercise group showed a significant improvement only in the BBS change values compared to the non-rhythmic group (p<0.05). Conclusions: According to this study, both rhythmic and non-rhythmic aerobic exercises resulted in significant improvement in the degree of depression and balance ability of the elderly. The rhythmic aerobic exercise was more effective for dynamic balance ability.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.147-158
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• 2017

PURPOSE: Balance exercise as well as lower extremity strengthening exercise (LESE) is known to be effective in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of performing LESE in conjunction with balance exercise on lower extremity function, range of motion, muscle strength, and balance in patients with KOA. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 25 patients with KOA who were recruited and randomly divided into two groups: 1) those who performed LESE with balance exercise; and 2) those who performed only LESE. Both the groups also received general physical therapy and performed aerobic exercise. The interventions were performed 3 times a week for 4 weeks. To determine the effectiveness of the interventions, we measured Western Ontario and MacMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) score, numerical rating scale (NRS) score, passive range of motion (PROM), chair stand test (CST), and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) score at the initiation of the interventions and again after 4 weeks, at the time of completion of the interventions. RESULTS: After 4 weeks of the interventions, both the groups showed significantly improved WOMAC (p<.01), NRS (p<.01), PROM (p<.05), CST (p<.05), and BBS (p<.01) scores. However, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of the clinical outcomes observed. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the addition of balance exercise to a LESE regimen in patients with KOA did not provide any additional benefit.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2014

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a three dimensional balance trainer in combination with a video-game system and visual feedback on balance recovery and gait function in subacute stroke patients. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: Twenty-three subacute stroke patients were assigned to either an experimental (n=12) or a control group (n=11) using a random permuted block design and sealed envelopes. The experimental group received additional 3-dimensional balance training combined with visual feedback and a game program for 30 min/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks. Both groups received 30-min of conservative physical therapy sessions based on neurodevelopmental therapy. Before and after the 20 sessions, walking abilities were evaluated by the the GaitRite system and balances were evaluated using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). The Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS) was used to assess trunk muscle performances. Results: After the 4-week intervention, BBS and TIS scores were significantly increased in both groups (p<0.05), and increases in these scores were significantly greater in the experimental group (p<0.05). After the 4-week intervention, gait speed and cadence were significantly increased in both groups (p<0.05), and as was observed for BBS and TIS scores, changes of gait speed and cadence were significantly greater in the experimental group (p<0.05). Conclusions: The study shows that the 3-dimensional balance trainer combined with visual biofeedback and a video-game system provides a therapeutic means for improving balance and gait ability in subacute stroke patients.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of resistant gait training with proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) on the walking and balancing abilities of chronic stroke patients. Methods: Twelve chronic stroke patients were randomly assigned to either a control group (n = 6) that underwent treadmill gait training or an experimental group (n = 6) that underwent resistant gait training using PNF. The interventions were performed five times per week for four weeks. Gait variables were measured using a GAITRite system (CIR System Inc, Clifton, NJ, USA) to examine changes in walking ability; the Berg balance scale (BBS) was used to measure changes in balance; and the activity-specific balance confidence scale (ABC) was measured to examine changes in confidence about balance. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to examine intragroup differences before and after the interventions, and a Mann-Whitney U-test was used for intergroup comparisons of the effects of the interventions. All statistical significance levels were set to ${\alpha}=0.05$. Results: Both the experimental group and the control group showed significant intragroup improvement in walking speed, the number of steps per minute, stride length, double support time, balance, and confidence about balance after the interventions (p < 0.05). In intergroup comparisons after the interventions, the experimental group showed significant improvements over the control group in walking speed, the number of steps per minute, stride length, balance, and confidence about balance (p < 0.05). No significant difference in double support time was seen in the intergroup comparison after training (p > 0.05). Conclusion: This study applied resistant gait training using PNF to chronic stroke patients, and the results showed significant improvements in the patients' walking and balancing abilities. Therefore, resistant gait training using PNF is thought to be applicable as an intervention method for chronic stroke patients.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.387-395
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• 2013

PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of the training using Pedalo equipment on balance function in post-stroke patients. METHODS: The present study was case-series. Ten post-stroke patients participated in the study. Participants performed the training using Pedalo equipment. The training using four Pedalo equipment lasted 30 minutes, 3 times a week for 6 weeks. Force platform, Berg Balance Scale(BBS), and Timed Up and Go(TUG) test were used to assess balance ability before and after training. RESULTS: After training using Pedalo equipment, there were significantly improved on path length and sway velocity of post-stroke patients in the both of eye open and - close conditions comparing with baseline. Also, on the BBS and TUG, there were significant improvements after training. CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed that the training using Pedalo equipment may be effective on improving the balance ability in the post-stroke patients. Through this study, we were able to confirm the potential of training using Pedalo equipment as an intervention in the rehabilitation of post-stroke patients.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.372-378
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• 2014

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of side walking training with an elastic-band on gait and balance ability of stroke patients. Methods: Twenty three patients with stroke participated in the study. Participants were randomly assigned to the side walking with elastic-band group (n=7), the side walking without elastic-band group (n=8), and the walking on the treadmill group (n=8);. 10 m walking test (10MWT), Dynamic Gait Index (DGI), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and modified Functional Reach Test (mFRT) were performed for evaluatione of pre- and post-intervention in gait and balance ability of participants. Results: Significantly differences in 10 MWT, DGI, BBS, and mFRT were observed between pre- and post-intervention in three groups (p<0.05). Improvement of pre- and post-intervention of mFRT showed significant difference (p<0.05). The highest rate of change was observed in the side walking with elastic-band group and rate of change showed in the order of the side walking without elastic-band group, walking on the treadmill group. Conclusion: This study suggests that side walking training with an elastic-band may help to improve gait and balance ability of stroke patients.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2018

Purpose : This meta-analysis was aimed at guiding future research in stroke treatment and to provide real-world data relating to the effects of aquatic exercise therapy on balance in patients with chronic stroke. Methods : We performed a meta-analysis comprising 22 studies involving aquatic exercise therapy performed between 2006 and 2017. A meta-analysis software program was used to calculate the mean effect size, effect size by intervention, and effect size by outcome. We also performed a meta-regression analysis and an analysis of publishing bias. Results : The mean effect size was 0.563. The effect size by outcome was observed to be the largest for the functional reach test, followed by the Berg balance scale, balance equipment, the Timed Up and Go test and one leg standing. Meta-regression analysis showed that effect size increased with an increase in the duration, number, length of exercise session. Conclusion : Aquatic exercise therapy appears to show a moderate effect on balance in patients with chronic stroke. A meta-analysis is warranted for further research to determine the effects of aquatic exercise on walking, muscle strength, and range of motion.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.41-50
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• 2017

Purpose: This study aimed to determine how inclined-treadmill walking training with rhythmic auditory stimulation affects balance and gait in stroke patients. Methods: Ten chronic stroke patients, admitted to B hospital in Gangwon-do between August and October 2015, were trained 5 times per week for 4 weeks; each session lasted 30 minutes. To assess balance and gait before and after the training, the timed up and go (TUG) test, Berg balance scale (BBS), six minute walking test (6MWT), and three-dimensional spatiotemporal gait ability were used to measure the relevant variables. The data were analyzed using the paired t-test, and the statistical significance level was 0.05. Results: There were significant differences in the TUG, BBS, 6MWT, gait speed, cadence, single limb support (SLS), and symmetric index (SI) before and after training (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that the inclined-treadmill walking training with rhythmic auditory stimulation was effective at improving the balance and walking ability of stroke patients. Hearing training, using one of the basic procedures of proprioceptive neuromuscular stimulation, is considered to be an important aspect.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.83-92
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• 2021

PURPOSE: This study examined whether ankle joint stabilizing taping and muscle control taping influenced the ankle range of motion (ROM), muscle tone, and balance ability in chronic stroke patients. METHODS: Ten stroke patients were assigned randomly to experimental group 1 (joint stabilization taping n = 5) and experimental group 2 (Muscle control taping n = 5). After general physical therapy in both groups, ankle stabilization taping was applied to experimental group 1, and muscle control taping was applied to experimental group 2 three times a week for a total of six weeks (18 times). RESULTS: The muscle tone and stiffness of the gastrocnemius (GCM) showed significant differences between the experimental 1 and experimental 2 groups (p < .05). The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and ROM also showed significant differences within the experimental 1 and experimental 2 groups (p < .05). The BBS and ROM also showed no significant differences between the experimental 1 and experimental 2 groups (p > .05). CONCLUSION: This study examined the muscle tone, balance, and ROM on the paraplegic side of stroke patients using kinesio taping, and the effect of the taping application method was confirmed from the preceding study. Therefore, it can decrease the paralysis side muscle tone and improve the ROM and balance ability.