• 한국안전학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.111-116
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• 2012

Workers who work with his neck bent backward in the standing posture have often complained of their musculoskeletal stress. The objective of this study was to find how much stress there was for workers who worked with their neck bent backward. The subjective evaluation and electromyography(EMG) were used to check the level of the stress. It was found that all subjects felt extreme pain after working with the neck bent backward and alternating 1 minute work and 0.5 minute rest for 30 minutes. The EMG level(amplitude) of neck muscles increased 80 percent on the average and the center frequency of EMG shifted to the lower frequency level which indicated fatigue of neck muscles. Thus, the intervention of this musculoskeletal stress is strongly recommended.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제41권11호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2003

The somatotype classification of this study was to manufacture well-fitted clothes for middle-aged women. The somatotype classification of the upper body of lateral view was based on previous studies, and 4 postures, straight posture, leaning back posture, bent forward posture, and swayback posture were selected for this study. The front of leaning back posture was longer and wider than that of straight posture, and its front neck depth was deeper. Its front interscye breadth was wider and back interscye breadth was narrower. S.N.P. B.P. front waistline length, waist front length, front diagonal length, chest shedder length, front waistline shoulder line length were longer, and S.N.P. scapular back waistline length, back length, back shoulder length, back diagonal length, shoulder line back waistline length were shorter. On the contrary, the front of bent forward posture was shorter and narrower than that of straight posture, and its back neck depth was deeper. The properties of swayback posture were similar to those of bent forward posture. Its front was shorter and narrower, but the results of front neck depth and back neck depth were like those of straight posture.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.81-87
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• 2013

Crane operators usually work with their necks bent forward in a seating position for a long period. They have complained of their musculoskeletal stress at their necks. The objective of this study was to find the level of stress at the neck when crane operators bend their neck forward during their work. Experiments were conducted in the laboratory where subjects bent their necks forward for 1 minute and took a rest for 0.5 minute and repeated this performance for 60 minutes. Subjective evaluation using Borg's CR-10 scale and electromyography (EMG) were used to check the level of the stress at the neck. Subjects reported that the level of pain at the end of 60 min. experiment was close to the extreme pain(level 8.95). The EMG level(amplitude) increased 80% on the average and the center frequency of EMG shifted to the lower frequency level which indicated fatigue of neck muscles. Thus, it was found that there is quite much neck stress for crane operators when they maintain their neck posture of bending forward for a long time during their work. This information will be a basis in searching for an intervention measure for the crane operators' neck stress.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.56-63
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• 2017

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of sitting posture on cervical flexion angle and pain during smart phone use. Method: This research was performed on 10 adult female students who use smart phones regularly, Each of the two groups of participants used the provided smart phone for 20 minutes while maintaining the given default posture. The evaluation order was randomly selected and the two groups were photographed twice before and after the experiment and were asked to answer if they felt pain during or after the experiment. Result: First, both upright sitting position and vertebra bent position pre and post experiment readings showed significant statistical difference (p<.05). And it is shown to be a factor that induces pain around the neck via increase in neck flexion angle. Second, although there were no significant statistical difference between the pre and post experiment readings of the upright sitting position results and the vertebra bent position results, the vertebra bent position readings showed bigger changes to the neck flexion angle then the upright sitting position readings. Third, all participants from both groups claimed pain in all the tested postures of smart phone usage. Conclusion: Smart phone usage for an extended amount of time in all body postures may prove to have a negative effect making the "optimal" smart phone usage position as a controlled time with neck stretches included in between short sessions.

• 화훼연구
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.206-211
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• 2011

절화 국화 '백마'의 수확 후 수송조건 및 생장조절제 처리가 선도유지 및 품질에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 절화 국화 '백마'를 공시재료로 사용하였다. 수송조건 실험 결과 저장온도에 따른 절화 품질은 $5^{\circ}C$ 저온 저장시 상온(대조구)저장과 $20^{\circ}C$ 저장 보다 효과적임을 확인하였다. 또한 수송방법에 따른 절화 품질은 물올림 처리 후 수직 수송방법이 다른 처리구에 비하여 우수한 효과를 나타내었다. 특히 생장조절제 uniconazole $10mg/L^{-1}$ 문무 처리는 개화를 지연시켜 선도를 유지시켰으며 daminozide 1,000배 분무 처리는 꽃목 굽음을 지연시켜 절화 국화 품질 유지에 우수한 결과를 나타내었다.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.481-484
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• 1999

절화장미 'Cardinal'의 수확후 절화품질 및 수명연장에 미치는 키토산과 sucrose의 효과를 알아보고자 실시하였다. 절화의 수명은 키토산 5mg/L와 sucrose 3%를 혼용한 처리에서 대조구에 비해 3일간 연장되었고, 화경과 생체중도타 처리에 비하여 높게 유지되었다. 꽃목굽음현상은 키토산 2mg/L와 5mg/L에 3%의 sucrose를 혼용으로 처리시 2~3일 늦게 진행되었다. 흡수량은 sucrose 3% 처리시 완만하게 감소되었다.

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.121-130
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• 2014

To devise a plan to efficiently control and cope with musculoskeletal disorders, this study conducted a self-administered survey among dental hygienists working at dental clinics in Daegu. The data were collected from December 1, 2013 to February 28, 2014, and drew the following conclusions. For body posture for medical procedures, at lower levels in their careers, the hygienists' head and back were more bent; at higher levels in their careers, the their shoulders, body and hips were more bent; and at higher levels in their careers, their assistance posture in general was more bent. Hygienists with longer years of experience had more pain in the neck and the arms/elbows. Respondents engaged in medical treatment services were more likely to have pain in their arms/elbows, and those engaged in assisting in medical treatment and consulting and insurance services were more likely to have pain in their necks. It is necessary to recognize the seriousness of musculoskeletal disorders, provide specific education through supplementary training and relevant seminars, and avoid repetitive use of the same muscle or joint through environmental improvement of dental clinics, and personal efforts should be made to maintain good posture.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.429-438
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• 2018

This study analyzed the fit-zone of the neck for females in their 60s. We considered the standard body types of females in their 60s and the four body types from the sixth Size Korea. The results of the study were as follows. We could not determine a pattern formula for the neck based on the changes in the body type of females in their 60s. However, the position of the lateral neck point generally showed a significant difference from that of females in their 20s. In the case of the shoulder angle, the point of the shoulder was angled slightly towards the back in all body types. It was also found that the curve of the neck circumference for both the collar and the bodice should have been smoother than what was shown on the 3D shape. The larger the height difference between the point of the back of the neck and the lateral neck point in the 3D shape, the smoother the design should be at the curve of the circumference at the front of the neck. A larger curvature in the front radius of the 3D shape increased the difference in the shape of the curve between the collar and the basic pattern of the bodice. Hence, a more careful design is required for these parts of the pattern. In addition, the more the front neck is bent, the smoother the circumference curve should be in the pattern design at the front of the neck and the collar.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.366-369
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• 2020

Foaling is a process of giving birth to foal which is prompt and forceful event in equine breeding. Dystocia is declared when 2nd stage of parturition exceeds from 20 min without fetal movements in mare. Dystocia is very challenging situation for both mare and veterinarian. Survivability of mare and foal, and subsequent fertility of mare depends on efficient management. Therefore, the current report described a rare case of wry neck (torticollis or unilateral bent neck) resulted in dystocia, that was efficiently resolved by partial fetotomy and repulsion technique in mare under field conditions. Intensive post operative care was performed to avoid infection and to achieve fertility subsequently.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.758-760
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• 1999

몇가지 전처리제와 절화장미에 효과적인 보존용액으로 알려진 HQS+sucrose+ethionine 혼합액을 병행 처리하여 절화수명과 품질을 비교함으로써 절화장미의 관상가치를 향상시키고자 본 실험을 수행하였다. 절화수명은 증류수에 보존시에는 전처리 효과가 없었으며, HQS+sucrose+ethionine 용액에 보존하였을 때에는 aluminum sulfate 혼합액과 NaOCl 전처리에서 수명이 연장되었다. 흡수량은 증류수에 보존한 처리구에서 높은 경향을 보여 생체중과 반대의 결과를 나타냈다. 생체중은 STS+sucrose 전처리를 제외하고는 HQS+sucrose+ethionine 혼합액에 보존시 증류수보다 증가하였다. 꽃목굽음은 HQS+sucrose+ethionine 용액에 보존했을 때에는 모든 전처리에서 증류수보다 지연되는 경향을 보였으며 특히 aluminum sulfate 혼합액 전처리에서는 수명 종료시까지 꽃목굽음 현상이 거의 나타나지 않았다. 화경과 꽃잎의 건물중은 STS+sucrose 전처리를 제외하고는 처리간 차이가 없었으며, 보존용액에 있어서는 HQS 혼합액이 증류수보다 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 화색은 L값과 a값은 처리간 차이가 없었 으나 b값은 증류수에 보존한 처리구에서 최초의 값에 비해 낮게 나타났다.