• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.73-73
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• 2001

Boron-containing materials have several excellent properties, such as superlnardness, insulation and non-Rinear optical property. Recently, oxynitride compounds, such as Si(ON), Ti(ON), became the promising materials applied in diffusion barrier layer and solar cell. With the expectation of obtaining the hybrid property, we have firstly grown the BON thin film by radio frequency (R.F.) plasma enhanced metalorganic chemical vapm deposition (PEMOCVD) with 100 kHz frequency and trimethyl borate precursor. The plasma source gases used in this study were Ar and $H_2$, and two kinds of nhmgen source gases, $N_2$ and <$NH_3$, were also employed. The as-grown films were characterized by XPS, IR, SEM and Knoop microlhardness tester. The relationship between the films hardness and the growth rate indicated that the hardness of the film was dependent on several factors such as nitrogen source gas, substrate temperature and film thickness due to the variation of the composition and the structure of the film. Both nitrogen and carbon content could raise the film hardness, on which nitrogen content did stronger effect than carbon. The smooth morphology and continuous structure was benefit of obtaining high hardness. The maximum hardness of BON film was about 10 GPa.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.181-187
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• 2023

Laver aquaculture, which occupies a large proportion in the aquaculture industry in Korea, is still highly dependent on human labor. Therefore, it is necessary to study the development of an automatic system to improve the working environment and increase the efficiency of aquaculture production systems. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the economic feasibility of an improved system in a study for the loading-unloading and automatic weighing systems in laver aquaculture industry. Economic analysis of the developed unloading and automatic weighing system were implemented under various conditions to calculate more accurate benefits and costs. As a result of this study, the economic feasibility was found to be very high in the three models: net present value (NPV), benefit-cost ratio (B/C), internal rate of return (IRR). Moreover, the results of sensitivity analysis showed that the economical efficiency of the automatic loading, unloading, and weighing system in laver aquaculture was very high.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.220-223
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• 2011

For successfully commercialized grid systems, it is required to provide an efficient scheduling scheme which is able to optimize benefits for three participants such as consumers, brokers, and providers so that every participant has sufficient benefit to maintain a sustainable market. In this paper, we define this job scheduling problem as an objective optimization problem for three participants. The three objectives are to maximize the success rate of job execution, total achieved profit, and the system utilization. To address the scheduling problem, we propose heuristics referred to as SLA-aware scheduling scheme (SA) for optimal resource allocation. The simulation results show that the improvement and the effectiveness of the proposed scheme and the proposed scheme can outperform well-known scheduling schemes such as first come first serve (FCFS), shortest job first (SJF), and earliest deadline first (EDF).

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.363-369
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• 2023

The term "catastrophic health expenditure" means assessing the extent to which medical costs cause financial hardship for households. The aim of this research is to analyze the percentage of households that faced severe financial strain due to medical expenses from 2006 to 2021. This was achieved by utilizing data obtained from the National Survey of Tax and Benefit (NaSTaB), Korea Health Panel (KHP), and Households Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES). A trend analysis was conducted to examine the percentage of households that experienced catastrophic healthcare expenses. The households that experienced the catastrophic health expenditure was 2.49% in 2021 using the NaSTaB data. The trend analysis yielded a statistically significant result, indicating a decreasing trend (annual percent change [APC], -4.79; p<0.0001) in the proportion of households facing catastrophic health expenditures. Also, the results of the 2019 KHP and the 2021 HIES showed 1.09% and 2.44% for the households that experienced catastrophic health expenditure. The trend was increased according to the KHP (APC, 0.55; p=0.0004) and the HIES (APC, 7.04; p<0.0001). As a result, this study proposes that sustained attention and further interventions are necessary to ease the economic pressure caused by catastrophic health expenses, particularly for low-income households.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.121-139
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• 2023

Objectives: This study was performed to analyze randomized controlled trial, which studied the effect of Saenghwa-tang treatment on postpartum prolonged lochia and uterine subinvolution. Methods: Researchers searched for randomized controlled trial of based on postpartum prolonged lochia, uterine subinvolution and Saenghwa-tang. The paper search was conducted through 6 online databases on August 10, 2023. Results: 8 studies were included after selection and exclusion criteria. 5 studies compared Saenghwa-tang alone with western medicine. 3 studies compared combined treatment of Saenghwa-tang and western medicine, with western medicine alone. Comparing with control group, the treatment group showed statistically significant improvement on total effective rate, uterine involution, serum fibrinogen, D-dimer, viscosity of blood and plasma, Erythrocyte aggregation, and various symptoms. Conclusions: This study suggests that Saenghwa-tang has benefit for treating prolonged lochia and uterine subinvolution. For reliable evidence, further research is needed to establish safety of Saenghwa-tang, standardize diagnosis criteria and specify the treatment course.

• Korean Circulation Journal
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.273-293
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• 2023

Pulsed field ablation (PFA) was recently rediscovered as an emerging treatment modality for the ablation of cardiac arrhythmias. Ultra-short high voltage pulses are leading to irreversible electroporation of cardiac cells subsequently resulting in cell death. Current literature of PFA for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) consistently reported excellent acute and long-term efficacy along with a very low adverse event rate. The undeniable benefit of the novel ablation technique is that cardiac cells are more susceptible to electrical fields whereas surrounding structures such as the pulmonary veins, the phrenic nerve or the esophagus are not, or if at all, minimally affected, which results in a favorable safety profile that is expected to be superior to the current standard of care without compromising efficacy. Nevertheless, the exact mechanisms of electroporation are not yet entirely understood on a cellular basis and pulsed electrical field protocols of different manufactures are not comparable among one another and require their own validation for each indication. Importantly, randomized controlled trials and comparative data to current standard of care modalities, such as radiofrequency- or cryoballoon ablation, are still missing. This review focuses on the "pearls" and "pitfalls" of PFA, a technology that has the potential to become the future leading energy source for PVI and beyond.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.99-108
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• 2016

Colorectal cancer is the third leading cancer worldwide. Although incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer are gradually decreasing in the US, patients with metastatic colorectal cancer have poor prognosis with an estimated 5-year survival rate of less than 10%. Over the past decade, advances in combination chemotherapy regimens for colorectal cancer have led to significant improvement in progression-free and overall survival. However, patients with metastatic disease gain little clinical benefit from conventional therapy, which is associated with grade 3~4 toxicity with negative effects on quality of life. In previous clinical studies, cell-based immunotherapy using dendritic cell vaccines and sentinel lymph node T cell therapy showed promising therapeutic results for metastatic colorectal cancer. In our preclinical and previous clinical studies, cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells treatment for colorectal cancer showed favorable responses without toxicities. Here, we review current treatment options for colorectal cancer and summarize available clinical studies utilizing cell-based immunotherapy. Based on these studies, we recommend the use CIK cell therapy as a promising therapeutic strategy for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.1-13
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• 2023

Demand forecasting is a crucial task for an online retail where has to manage daily fresh foods effectively. Failing in forecasting results loss of profitability because of incompetent inventory management. This study investigated the optimal performance of different forecasting models for a very short shelf-life product. Demand data of 13 perishable items with aging of 210 days were used for analysis. Our comparison results of four methods: Trivial Identity, Seasonal Naïve, Feed-Forward and Autoregressive Recurrent Neural Networks (DeepAR) reveals that DeepAR outperforms with the lowest MAPE. This study also suggests the managerial implications by employing coefficient of variation (CV) as demand variation indicators. Three classes: Low, Medium and High variation are introduced for classify 13 products into groups. Our analysis found that DeepAR is suitable for medium and high variations, while the low group can use any methods. With this approach, the case can gain benefit of better fill-rate performance.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.85-106
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• 2024

Objectives: This study was performed to analyze randomized controlled trial, which studied the effect of korean herbal medicine on premature ovarian insufficiency. Methods: Researchers searched for randomized controlled trial of based on korean herbal medicine and premature ovarian insufficiency. The paper search was conducted through 7 online databases on April 20, 2024. Results: 12 studies were included after selection and exclusion criteria. 4 studies compared herbal medicine with hormone replacement therapy or placebo. 8 studies compared combined treatment of herbal medicine and hormone replacement therapy, with hormone replacement therapy alone. All studies reported significant improvement on hormone, antral follicle count (AFC), total effective rate and associated symptoms. There were no serious adverse effects. Conclusions: This study suggests that herbal medicine has benefit for treating symptoms and ovarian function of premature ovarian insufficiency. For reliable evidence, further research on pregnancy or long-term follow-up is needed.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.2512-2545
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• 2024

One of the biggest challenges for the medical professionals is spotting cardiovascular issues in the earliest stages. Around the world, Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) are a major cause of death for almost 18 million people each year. Heart disease is therefore a serious concern that needs to be treated. The numerous elements that affect health, such as excessive blood pressure, elevated cholesterol, aberrant pulse rate, and many other factors, might make it challenging to detect heart disease. Consequently, early disease detection and the development of effective treatments can benefit greatly from the field of artificial intelligence. The purpose of this work is to develop a new IoT based healthcare monitoring framework for the prediction of CVD using machine learning algorithm. Here, the data preprocessing has been performed to create the normalized dataset for improving classification. Then, an Artificial Gorilla Troop Optimization (AGTO) algorithm is deployed to choose the most pertinent features from the normalized dataset. Moreover, the Multi-Linear Regression Classification (MLRC) model is also implemented for accurately categorizing the medical information as whether healthy or CVD affected. The results of the proposed AGTO-MLRC mechanism is validated and compared using the popular benchmarking datasets.