• 제목/요약/키워드: behavioral test

검색결과 1,284건 처리시간 0.03초

A Study on Morphology and Behavior of the Sapsaree : A Korean native dog (Canis familiaris)

  • Han, Kook-Il;Alam, Mahboob;Lee, Yun-Mi;Lee, Dong-Hoon;Ha, Ji-Hong;Kim, Jong-Joo
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • 제52권6호
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    • pp.481-490
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    • 2010
  • This study was conducted to characterize the morphological and behavior patterns of Sapsaree dogs. The population (n=8,256) has been constructed since 1990 over 12 generations and managed at the Sapsaree Breeding Research Institute, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk province. Eighteen morphological and seven behavioral traits were investigated for 882 individuals. Linear models were applied for each trait by fitting sex, season of birth, hair color or test age. The averages of body weight, body length, body height, and depth of chest were $20.5{\pm}2.4\;kg$, $57.3{\pm}4.2\;cm$, $52.1{\pm}3.6\;cm$, and $21.1{\pm}2.4\;cm$, respectively. Males had greater estimated values than females for these body conformation traits. The chocolate Sapsarees had greater averages for body weight, body height and chest depth. The older animals (>2 years) had heavier body weight than younger animals. About 54, 69, 97, 39 and 83.3% of the Sapsarees had hairs with yellow color, straight, medium to long, untangled, and longer around eyes, respectively. Also, about 40% brown eye, 43% curly tail, 78% normal jaw, 86% no missing teeth, 90% no dewclaw, and >90% with black nose, pendent ear, tongue without spots were observed. About 95% males were normal in testicles state. The males performed significantly better than the females for majority of the behavioral traits. For nerve stability, affability, wariness, adaptability, sharpness, activity, and reaction during blood drawn about 79%, 73%, 76%, 61%, 70%, 48% and 81% of the Sapsarees performed at desired level. In general, the Sapsarees showed good characteristics for both morphological and behavioral traits, which can be exploited to use the Sapsaree breed as a companion or guide dog.

The Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Cognitive Function and Biochemical Change of Rats with Alzheimer's Desease

  • Kim, Jin-Young;Park, Seong-Doo;Song, Hyun-Seung;Yang, Kyung-Hee;Yu, Seong-Hun
    • The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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    • 제26권6호
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    • pp.436-441
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    • 2014
  • Purpose: The objective of this study was to offer clinical primary data that it's aims to examine effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on cognitive function and biochemical change of rat with alzheimer's disease(AD) induced by injecting scopolamine. Methods: Subjects were instructed cognitive dysfunction model, rat of Sprague-Dawley system was injected with scopolamine and each experimental group was classified into three; group I (n=16) is non-treatment groups; group II (n=16) is applied with the tacrine; group III (n=16) is applied with the tDCS. The ziggurat task test was conducted to observe behavioral changes and cognitive function ability and 7, 14, 21, 28 days after the model. Acetylcholine Esterase (Ach E) activity was examined for biochemical assessment of which the results are followed. Results: Participants showed as to behavioral change, tacrine application group was the most significantly responded, following tDCS application group. As to biochemical change, same as above, tacrine application group was the most significantly responded, following tDCS application group. Conclusion: From these results, confirm that tDCS application to rat with alzheimer's disease leads to positive effects on behavioral, cognitive function changes, and biochemical changes, lasting for certain period of time. This study, in particular, tDCS, which can change excitability of brain cells non-invasively, could provide basic data that is useful as a new treatment way for the patients with cognitive dysfunction.

Influence of Lead on Repetitive Behavior and Dopamine Metabolism in a Mouse Model of Iron Overload

  • Chang, JuOae;Kueon, Chojin;Kim, Jonghan
    • Toxicological Research
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    • 제30권4호
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    • pp.267-276
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    • 2014
  • Exposures to lead (Pb) are associated with neurological problems including psychiatric disorders and impaired learning and memory. Pb can be absorbed by iron transporters, which are up-regulated in hereditary hemochromatosis, an iron overload disorder in which increased iron deposition in various parenchymal organs promote metal-induced oxidative damage. While dysfunction in HFE (High Fe) gene is the major cause of hemochromatosis, the transport and toxicity of Pb in Hfe-related hemochromatosis are largely unknown. To elucidate the relationship between HFE gene dysfunction and Pb absorption, H67D knock-in Hfe-mutant and wild-type mice were given drinking water containing Pb 1.6 mg/ml ad libitum for 6 weeks and examined for behavioral phenotypes using the nestlet-shredding and marble-burying tests. Latency to nestlet-shredding in Pb-treated wild-type mice was prolonged compared with non-exposed wild-types (p < 0.001), whereas Pb exposure did not alter shredding latency in Hfe-mutant mice. In the marble-burying test, Hfe-mutant mice showed an increased number of marbles buried compared with wild-type mice (p = 0.002), indicating more repetitive behavior upon Hfe mutation. Importantly, Pb-exposed wild-type mice buried more marbles than non-exposed wild-types, whereas the number of marbles buried by Hfe-mutant mice did not change whether or not exposed to Pb. These results suggest that Hfe mutation could normalize Pb-induced behavioral alteration. To explore the mechanism of repetitive behavior caused by Pb, western blot analysis was conducted for proteins involved in brain dopamine metabolism. The levels of tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter increased upon Pb exposure in both genotypes, whereas Hfe-mutant mice displayed down-regulation of the dopamine transporter and dopamine D1 receptor with D2 receptor elevated. Taken together, our data support the idea that both Pb exposure and Hfe mutation increase repetitive behavior in mice and further suggest that these behavioral changes could be associated with altered dopaminergic neurotransmission, providing a therapeutic basis for psychiatric disorders caused by Pb toxicity.

명품브랜드 소비자의 재 구매의도에 미치는 영향 분석 -온라인 해외직업구매 이용동기, 행동의도, 위험지각을 중심으로- (An Analysis of the Effects of Luxury Brand Consumers on the Re-purchase Intentions, Behavioral and Risk Perception)

  • 윤선영;이승희
    • 패션비즈니스
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    • 제22권5호
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    • pp.1-14
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    • 2018
  • The purpose of this study was to define the purchase behavior of online luxury fashion brand consumers that soon became new luxury consumption trends. To investigate online luxury fashion brand consumer's purchase behavior, three variables were suggested based on advanced researches. These variables include economic value, item variety and pleasure. Purchasing luxury online was not common but as cross-border online shopping market became popular, consumers began to purchase luxury items through online shopping platforms. Preliminary surveys was conducted on 20~40-year-old consumers who have experience in online shopping for luxurious items. Total 238 questionnaires were used for analysis. By using SPSS, frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis, t-test and ANOVA were conducted. The results of the study were as follow; first, consumer's purchase behavior appeared to be influenced by the order of pleasure of shopping, economic value and item variety. Repurchase intention appeared to be affected by the order of economic value, item variety, and pleasure of shopping. Second, online luxury fashion consumers perceived that risk does not affect purchase intention and repurchase intention. Third, as purchase intention increases, repurchase intention also increases. Fourth, shopping value, age and channel risk also indicated meaningful differences. As an early study of luxury fashion brand products purchased directly online, the academic significance can facilitate an overall understanding of consumer behavior such as usage motive, risk perception, behavioral intention.

비흡연 대학생의 전자담배 간접흡연에 대한 흡연태도와 흡연대처행동의 관계 (The Relationship between Attitude and Coping Skills toward Secondhand E-cigarette Smoking among Nonsmoking College Students)

  • 위소정;박덕민;김현진;박명주;홍혜정
    • Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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    • 제21권2호
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    • pp.114-122
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    • 2019
  • Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between smoking attitude and coping skills toward secondhand e-cigarette smoking among nonsmoking college students. Methods: This study was conducted with 148 students from a University in Seoul, Korea. Participants completed questionnaires and the data were analyzed using a T-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficients. Results: The mean score of smoking attitude is $51.35{\pm}4.73$. The mean score of coping skills is $13.89{\pm}2.53$ in verbal skills, $10.16{\pm}2.37$ in behavioral skills, and $8.32{\pm}2.30$ in assertive skills. Coping skills toward secondhand smoking are noted as being different by current cohabitation smoker. A significant relationship between smoking attitude and behavioral coping skills(r = .23, p= .004) was found, which means that a better smoking attitude was correlated with more active behavioral coping skills. Conclusion: The results showed that nonsmoking college students with better smoking attitude react to the E-cigarette smoking with more active behaviors. Therefore, interventions are needed to be developed to encourage better smoking attitude and coping skills toward secondhand E-cigarette smoking.

뇌졸중 환자에서 한국판 간이 정신상태 판별검사(Mini Mental State Examination-Korean Version; MMSE-K)와 신경행동학적 인지상태검사(Neuro-behavioral Cognitive Status Examination; NCSE)의 상관관계 (A Correlation Between the Mini Mental State Examination-Korean Version and the Neuro-behavioral Cognitive Status Examination in Stroke Patients)

  • 김다혜;강유일;윤진;이경록;한기찬;정현애
    • PNF and Movement
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    • 제10권3호
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    • pp.45-52
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    • 2012
  • Purpose : This study examines the relationship between the Mini Mental State Examination-Korean Version(MMSE-K) and the Neuro-behavioral Cognitive Status Examination(NCSE) in Stroke Patients. Methods : We studied sixteen people with stroke(7 males, 9 females) who were admitted to occupational therapy a participants were tested with the MMSE-K, the NCSE. Results : Correlation between the NCSE and the MMSE-K was significant in p<.05, p<.01. The result was orientation r=.652, memory r=.514, attention r=.417, calculation r=.839, comprehension r=.676, repetition r=.960, naming r=.683, construction r=.961, judgement r=.616. Conclusion : The MMSE-K and the NCSE are valid and useful measurement tools evaluating cognitive function of persons with stroke in Korea.

Measurement of inconvenience, human errors, and mental workload of simulated nuclear power plant control operations

  • Oh, I.S.;Sim, B.S.;Lee, H.C.;Lee, D.H.
    • 대한인간공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한인간공학회 1996년도 추계학술대회논문집
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    • pp.47-55
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    • 1996
  • This study developed a comprehensive and easily applicable nuclear reactor control system evaluation method using reactor operators behavioral and mental workload database. A proposed control panel design cycle consists of the 5 steps: (1) finding out inconvenient, erroneous, and mentally stressful factors for the proposed design through evaluative experiments, (2) drafting improved design alternatives considering detective factors found out in the step (1), (3) comparative experiements for the design alternatives, (4) selecting a best design alternative, (5) returning to the step (1) and repeating the design cycle. Reactor operators behavioral and mental workload database collected from evaluative experiments in the step (1) and comparative experiments in the step (3) of the design cycle have a key roll in finding out defective factors and yielding the criteria for selection of the proposed reactor control systems. The behavioral database was designed to include the major informations about reactor operators' control behaviors: beginning time of operations, involved displays, classification of observational behaviors, dehaviors, decisions, involved control devices, classification of control behaviors, communications, emotional status, opinions for man-machine interface, and system event log. The database for mental workload scored from various physiological variables-EEG, EOG, ECG, and respir- ation pattern-was developed to indicate the most stressful situation during reactor control operations and to give hints for defective design factors. An experimental test for the evaluation method applied to the Compact Nuclear Simulator (CNS) installed in Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) suggested that some defective design factors of analog indicators should be improved and that automatization of power control to a target level would give relaxation to the subject operators in stressful situation.

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단가아민 산화제 A CA 반복 유전자 다형성이 한국 알코올의존 남자환자의 행동특성과 임상양상에 미치는 영향 (The Effects of Monoamine Oxidase A CA Repeat Polymorphism on Behavioral Trait and Clinical Characteristics in Korean Male Alcoholics)

  • 이정식;양병환;이경미;김홍관;김용인;채영규
    • 생물정신의학
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    • 제7권1호
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    • pp.64-73
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    • 2000
  • 이 연구는 MAOA CA 반복 유전자다형성에 따라 알코올의존 환자에서 행동 및 성격특성 그리고 임상양상의 차이를 알아봄으로써 유전자형과 표현형과의 관계를 알아보기 위해 수행되었다. 이 연구 결과 임상양상에서 S군에 비해 L군의 임상양상이 보다 부정적인 양상을 보이고 있었다. 이는 MAOA CA 반복 유전자다형성이 음주양상을 변화시키는 역할을 할 가능성을 시사하고 있다. 그렇지만 이러한 영향이 유전자의 직접적인 인과관계로 설명하기는 어렵고 간접적이고 이차적인 영향에 따른 결과로 생각해 볼 수 있겠다. 또한, 행동특성에서 L군이 S군에 비해 전체적으로 공격성이 많았고 자기주장적 태도가 강했다. 그리고 MAOA CA 반복 유전자다형성의 대립유전자 길이가 자기주장적 태도와 상관관계가 있었으며 이러한 자기주장적 태도를 MAOA CA 반복 유전자다형성의 대립유전자 길이가 부분적으로 설명하고 있었고, 자기주장적 태도가 강한 환자의 경우 길이가 긴 대립유전자를 가질 가능성이 많았다. 공격성도 그 자체가 여러 가지 측면을 가지고 있는 복합적인 행동특성이기 때문에 전체 공격성을 어느 하나의 유전자만으로 설명할 수 있을 것으로 기대하는 것은 비현실적이다. 그렇지만 이 연구에서 자기주장적 태도는 분화된 공격성의 한 측면이어서 MAOA CA 반복 유전자다형성이 일부분이지만 설명을 할 수 있다는 것을 시사하고 있어, 연구자들은 이 연구가 향후 유전자형이 공격성 같은 표현형을 설명하는 연구들에 있어 기초자료가 될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 아직까지 MAOA CA 반복 유전자다형성과 MAOA 활성도와의 관계가 명확하지 않고 대사산물과의 관계도 설명이 어려운 실정이어서 향후 이에 대한 연구들이 필요하겠다.

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비엔날레 참관자의 추구편익이 행동의도에 미치는 영향 연구 -광주비엔날레를 중심으로- (Research on a Biennale Visitors' Pursuing Benefit -Centering on the Gwangju Biennale-)

  • 안태기;김희진
    • 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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    • 제9권11호
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    • pp.432-442
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    • 2009
  • 본 연구는 광주 비엔날레를 참관한 참관자를 대상으로 추구편익이 행동의도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보았다. 설문조사는 광주 비엔날레 전시회 기간 2008년 9월 5일부터 9월19일까지 15일 동안 전시회를 관람을 마친 방문객 320명을 대상으로 실시하였다. 그 중 불성실한 설문지 20부를 제외한 300부를 분석에 이용하였다. 수집된 자료의 통계적 처리는 데이터 코딩(Data Coding)과정을 거쳐, SPSS 12.0 for windows와 AMOS 5.0 통계패키지 프로그램을 활용하여 빈도분석과 자료의 신뢰성과 타당성을 검증하기 위해 탐색적 요인분석, 그리고 각 요인에 대한 신뢰도 검증을 실시한 후 구조방정식모형으로 가설을 검증하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 15개의 추구편익의 요인분석 결과 지적체험 추구, 신기 이색체험 추구, 대인 및 문화교류 추구, 내적충만 추구 등의 4개 요인이 도출되었으며, 10개의 태도에 관한 요인분석결과 감정적, 인지적, 행동적 등의 3개요인이 도출되었으며, 12개의 만족의 요인분석결과 시설만족, 편의사항 만족 등의 2개 요인이 도출되었다. 둘째, 연구모형의 적합성의 분석결과 적합도는 $x^2=107.508$, d.f.=48, p=000, Q=2:240, GFI=.942, AGFI=.906, RMR=.024, NFI=.952, TLI=.963, CFI=.973, RMSEA=.064로 나타났다. 셋째, 추구편익은 만족, 태도, 행동의도에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 태도는 만족에 정(+)의 유의적인 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 태도는 행동의도에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 여섯째, 만족은 행동의도에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

남·여 중학생의 학원폭력문제 의식화에 영향을 주는 요인에 대한 연구 -학원폭력 피해경험과 친사회적 행동성의 다중 매개효과 검증을 토대로- (Effects of School Violence Experiecne, Perceptions of Violence, Non-Assertiveness and Prosocial Behavior on Adolescents' Conscientization toward School Violence -Focused on the Prosocial Behavior and Non-Assertiveness Mediators-)

  • 신성자
    • 한국아동복지학
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    • 제36호
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    • pp.165-196
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    • 2011
  • 본 연구는 526명의 청소년을 연구대상으로, '전반적인 폭력에 대한 인식', '비주장성', '친사회적 행동성' 그리고 '폭력피해경험'이 '학원폭력문제 의식화'에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 규명하였다. 분석방법은 구조방정식 모형을 통하여 변수들의 인과관계를 분석하였고, 성별비교를 위한 다집단분석, 계수차이검증에 근거한 구조동일성 모형검증, 매개검증, 잠재평균분석과 Cohen의 효과크기검증 등을 실시하였다. 분석결과, '학원폭력 피해경험'은 '학원폭력문제 의식화'에 긍정적인 영향을 주지 못하는 것으로 드러났다. 여학생들의 경우, '학원폭력 피해경험'과 '학원폭력문제 의식화' 수준은 오히려 반비례하였다. '학원폭력 피해경험'이 '학원폭력문제 의식화'에 미치는 영향에 성별변인은 조절변수로 작용하였다. '전반적인 폭력에 대한 인식'은 '학원폭력문제 의식화'에 매우 긍정적인 영향을 주었고, '친사회적 행동성'도 '학원폭력문제 의식화'에 직 간접적인 효과를 주었다. '비주장성'과 '학원폭력 피해경험'과는 정적관계가 있었고, '학원폭력문제 의식화'에 직접적으로 유의미한 영향을 주지는 않았지만, '친사회적 행동성'을 완전매개로 '학원폭력문제 의식화'에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 잠재평균 분석 결과 '비주장성'과 '학원폭력피해경험'에서만 남학생이 여학생보다 유의하게 높았다.