• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 제어로봇시스템학회 1987년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집; 한국과학기술대학, 충남; 16-17 Oct. 1987
• /
• pp.562-565
• /
• 1987

This paper addresses the development of the estimation algorithm to acquire target position, velocity and course using bearing-only measurements in two dimensional environment. System state equations are derived from modified polar coordinates instead of existing Cartesian coordinates system. The Extended Kalman Filter is used to constitute the estimation algorithm because of state equation's nonlinearity. The computer simulation is done to verify the performance of derived algorithm. Simulation result showed that estimated state value of filter was converged to the true value in 10 minutes.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전자공학회 2002년도 ITC-CSCC -3
• /
• pp.1807-1810
• /
• 2002

This paper presents a technique for avoid- ing indefiniteness in Maximum Likelihood (ML) criteria for Direction-of-Arrival (DOA) finding using a sensor ar- ray with arbitrary configuration. The ML criterion has singular points in the solution space where the criterion becomes indefinite. Solutions fly iterative techniques for ML bearing estimation may oscillate because of numerical instability which occurs due to the indefiniteness, when bearings more than one approach to the identical value. The oscillation makes the condition for terminating iterations complex. This paper proposes a technique for avoiding the indefiniteness in ML criteria.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
• /
• 제40권1호
• /
• pp.15-23
• /
• 2003

본 논문에서는 입사 신호의 근사 공분산 행렬을 이용하여 신호의 입사각을 빠르게 추정하는 입사각 추정 알고리듬을 제안한다. MUSIC(MUltiple Signal Classification) 알고리듬과 같은 기존의 부분공간 입사각 추정 알고리듬은 입력 공분산 행렬을 구하기 위해서 다수의 표본 신호를 필요로 하며, 입력 공분산 행렬을 획득하기 위한 표본 신호의 수신시간 동안 입사각 추정이 수행될 수 없으므로 빠른 신호처리가 불가능하다. 또한 코히어런트 신호가 입사하는 경우에 코히어런트 신호간의 간섭으로 신호의 입사각을 정확하게 추정할 수 없다. 제안한 입사각 추정 알고리듬은 빔 형성기를 이용하여 매 표본 신호의 공간적인 빔 형성을 먼저 수행하여 신호간의 간섭을 제거한 후에 센서의 출력 값을 이용하여 방위각 응답(bearing response)과 방향 스펙트럼(directional spectrum)을 구한다. 방위각 응답으로 대략적인 신호의 입사각을 추정한 후에 방향 스펙트럼을 이용하여 정착하게 신호의 입사각을 추정한다. 제안 입사각 추정 알고리듬은 공분산 행렬을 구하기 위하여 그 순간의 각 어레이 소자에 입사되는 표본 신호만을 사용하고 방위각 응답을 구하기 위해서 몇 순간 동안의 표본 신호만 필요로 하므로 기존 입사각 추정 알고리듬에 비하여 크게 향상된 입사각 추정 속도를 갖는다.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.76-81
• /
• 2021

This study proposes a method to reduce the phase error of the received signal to detect the object bearing. The phase shift of the received signal occurs due to the multipath of the signal by natural structure or artificial structures. When detecting the direction of the object using radio waves, the phase of the received signal cannot be accurately detected because of the phase bearing error in the object detection direction. The object detection direction estimation depends on the phase difference, antenna installation distance, signal source wavelength, frequency band and bearing angle. This study reduces the error of the phase bearing by using the phase delay of the relative phase difference for the signals incident on the two antennas. Through simulation, we analyzed the object direction detection performance of the proposed method and the existing method. Three targets are detected from the [-15°, 0°, 15°] direction. The existing method detects the target at [-13°, 3°, 17°], and the proposed method detects the at [-15°, 0°, 15°]. As a result of the simulation, the target detection direction of the proposed method is improved by 2 degrees compared to the existing method.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
• /
• 제23권5호
• /
• pp.101-110
• /
• 2007

말뚝의 형상이 비배토말뚝의 지지력에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위하여 가압토조와 형상이 다른 세개의 모형말뚝을 이용해서 일련의 모형말뚝재하시험을 수행하였다. 시험결과에 따르면 테이퍼말뚝의 지지력은 지반의 응력상태와 상대밀도 뿐만 아니라 말뚝의 테이퍼 각도에도 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 모형시험의 결과에 근거해서 비배토말뚝의 지지력을 예측할 수 있는 새로운 지지력 산정식을 제안하였으며, 그 제안식에는 말뚝의 테이퍼 각도가 지지력에 미치는 영향이 반영되었다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.153-167
• /
• 2011

Traditional design methods of bearing capacity of shallow foundations are deterministic in the sense that they do not explicitly consider the inherent uncertainty associated with the factors affecting bearing capacity. To account for such uncertainty, available deterministic methods rather employ a fixed global factor of safety that may lead to inappropriate bearing capacity predictions. An alternative stochastic approach is essential to provide a more rational estimation of bearing capacity. In this paper, the likely distribution of predicted bearing capacity of strip footings subjected to vertical loads is obtained using a stochastic approach based on the Monte Carlo simulation. The approach accounts for the uncertainty associated with the soil shear strength parameters: cohesion, c, and friction angle, ${\phi}$, and the cross correlation between c and ${\phi}$. A set of stochastic design charts that assure target reliability levels of 90% and 95%, are developed for routine use by practitioners. The charts negate the need for a factor of safety and provide a more reliable indication of what the actual bearing capacity might be.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.221-228
• /
• 2020

소노부이는 수면 위에 투하되어 수중에 존재하고 있는 표적의 방위각을 추정한다. 그 중 DIFAR 소노부이는 방위각을 추정하는 방법과 해상 잡음으로 인해 오차가 발생하게 되며, 특히 특정한 각도 구간에서 오차가 커지게 된다. 이는 다중 소노부이를 이용하여 표적의 위치를 추정하는데 표적 위치 추정 오차를 유발하게 된다. 또한, 해류로 인해 소노부이의 위치는 계속해서 움직이게 되는데 현재 GPS를 장착한 소노부이는 DIFAR 소노부이 중간에 간헐적으로 배치되기 때문에 DIFAR 소노부이는 정확한 위치를 알 수 없어 이 또한 표적 위치 추정 성능의 저하를 유발하게 된다. 본 논문에서는 DIFAR 소노부이 방위각 추정 기법의 특성을 이용하여 방위각 추정 오차를 계산하고, 이를 표적 위치 추정 기법에 활용하여 그 오차를 줄이는 기법을 제안한다. 이때 간헐적으로 배치된 GPS 장착 및 능동 소노부이를 기반으로 표적 위치 추정 기법에 사용되는 소노부이의 위치 오차를 보상하여 표적 위치 추정 성능을 향상시키게 된다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.107-122
• /
• 2016

We propose an effective methodology using electromechanical impedance characteristics for estimating the remaining tensile force of tendons and simultaneously detecting damages of the anchorage blocks. Once one piezoelectric patch is attached on the anchor head and the other is bonded on the bearing plate, impedance responses are measured through these two patches under varying tensile force conditions. Then statistical indices are calculated from the impedances, and two types of relationship curves between the tensile force and the statistical index (TE Curve) and between statistical indices of two patches (SR Curve) are established. Those are considered as database for monitoring both the tendon and the anchorage system. If damage exists on the bearing plate, the statistical index of patch on the bearing plate would be out of bounds of the SR curve and damage can be detected. A change in the statistical index by damage is calibrated with the SR curve, and the tensile force can be estimated with the corrected index and the TE Curve. For validation of the developed methodology, experimental studies are performed on the scaled model of an anchorage system that is simplified only with 3 solid wedges, a 3-hole anchor head, and a bearing plate. Then, the methodology is applied to a real scale anchorage system that has 19 strands, wedges, an anchor head, a bearing plate, and a steel duct. It is observed that the proposed scheme gives quite accurate estimation of the remaining tensile forces. Therefore, this methodology has great potential for practical use to evaluate the remaining tensile forces and damage status in the post-tensioned structural members.

• 산업기술연구
• /
• 제27권A호
• /
• pp.121-130
• /
• 2007

Centrifuge model tests were performed to find appropriate equations proposed previously of estimating the bearing capacity of the composite clayey soil reinforced with sand compaction pile. Model tests were carried out with changing the replacement ratio of SCP (20%, 40%, 70%), contents of fine materials (5%, 10%, 15%) and ratio of treated width to loading width (1B, 2B, 3B). Test results about bearing capacity of the composite ground were obtained by performing the surcharge load tests with measurements of applied loads and vertical displacement. Bearing capacities against bulging and shear failures were estimated by the existing equations. As results of comparing the estimated bearing capacity with experimental values the bearing capacities estimated by Greenwood's equation (1970) for bulging failure mode were similar to the test results.

• 한국정밀공학회지
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.29-36
• /
• 2006

Micro drilling by high-speed air bearing spindle is very useful manufacturing technology in electronic industry For the design of high speed air bearing spindle, there are considered stability of air bearing spindle, allowable load of air bearing, run out and tooling system design for micro drill's attach and remove. According to suggested details, we designed and manufactured high-speed air bearing spindle and carried out performance estimation such as run out, temperature change in running air bearing spindle, stiffness, chucking torque. Results are follows; Run out was measured under $5{\mu}m$ at air bearing spindle revolution $20,000\sim125,000rpm$. High speed air bearing spindle's temperature rose about $20^{\circ}C$ after 5 minutes from running and then was fixed. Allowable thrust load of spindle was 17kgf. Chucking torque of collet was 15kgfcm.