• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.376-382
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• 2014

Various solvents (chloroform, hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol, methanol, and hot water) were tested to investigate the antimicrobial activities of sword bean (Canavalia gladiata) against 12 food poisoning bacteria. Chloroform, hexane, ethyl acetate and hot water extracts had no antimicrobial activities, but ethanol extract showed V. parahemolyticus 10 mm, S. sonnei 9 mm, and methanol extract showed strong activities in order of V. parahemolyticus 22 mm, S. sonnei 21 mm, L. monocytogenes 20 mm by disk diffusion. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were also determined. The methanol extract had MIC values of 50 mg/mL against S. Typhimurium, V. parahemolyticus, and S. sonnei and values of 100 mg/mL against other 7 food poisoning bacteria and values of 200 mg/mL against Y. enterocolitica and MRSA. The inhibitory effect of methanol sword bean extract on the growth of V. parahemolyticus was investigated. Growth of the strain occurred at the concentration of 0.5% extract and was inhibited continuously at 1.0 and 1.5% for 30hours after inoculation, whereas the strain was completely inhibited at 2.0% after 9hours of inoculation.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.831-838
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• 2022

An auxin-producing bacteria, KSD16, KSD33, and KSD36 were isolated from agricultural soil. The strain KSD16, KSD33, and KSD36 was classified as a strain of Arthrobacter sp. based on phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene. The isolated KDS16, KDS33, and KSD36 was confirmed to produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), which is one of the auxin hormones. When the concentration of IAA was assessed the maximum concentration of IAA, 206.62 mg L^-1, was detected from the culture broth incubated in R2A medium containing 0.1% L-tryptophan for 48 h at 28 ℃. To study the effect of IAA producing bacteria on germination rate, seeds of Mung bean were prepared for each treatment. KSD16, KSD33, and KSD36 showed significant increase in root length and number of adventitious roots than the controls. To investigate the growth-promoting effects on the crops, Arthrobacter species were placed in water cultures and seed pots of mung beans. In consequence, the seed germination of mung beans was 73.4% higher than the control.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.83-89
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• 2015

This study was conducted with n-hexane extracts of sensitive plant Mimosa pudica, mexican poppy Argemone mexicana, panimarich Leucus aspara, water pepper Polygonum hydropiper and shialmutra Blumea lacera weeds against pulse beetle Callosobruchus chinensis (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) for protection of mung bean Vigna radiata grains. The $LC_{50}$ values of the weed extracts ranged from 4.5 to 6.4, 4.1 to 5.6 and 3.6 to 5.5 g/100 mL at 24, 48 and 72 hours of post treatment, respectively. The extracts showed 35 to 69% fecundity and 33 to 63% adult emergence inhibitory effect on the pest, and revealed 13 to 49% grain protection of mung beans. Insect mortality, fecundity and adult emergence inhibitory effects, and grain protection activity increased with increased concentration of the extracts. The shialmutra followed by water pepper extracts revealed better performances in fecundity and adult beetle emergence inhibitory effect compared to the other weeds. The findings proved that the n-hexane extracts of the five weeds are sources of botanical insecticides which may be used in the integrated management of C. chinensis.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.1037-1042
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• 2012

An auxin-producing bacteria (2SJ8-02) was isolated from waste mushroom bed of Agaricus bisporus in Buyeo-Gun, Chungnam. The strain 2SJ8-02 was classified as a novel strain of Pantoea rwandensis based on a chemotaxanomic and phylogeneticanalyses. The isolate was confirmed to produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), one of auxin hormones, by TLC and HPLC analyses. The maximum concentration of IAA, $122mg\;L^{-1}$ was detected from the culture in R2A broth containing 0.1% tryptophan for 24 h at $35^{\circ}C$. The molecular weight of the main peak obtained by LC-mass analysis was 175 corresponding to that of IAA. To investigate the growth-promoting effects to the crops, the culture broth of Pantoea rwandensis 2SJ8-02 was infected to water cultures and seed pots of mung bean. In consequence, the adventitious root induction and root growth of mung bean were two times higher than those of the control.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.160-167
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• 1992

The growth of weeds and some other plants has been considered to be inhibited by sicklepod(Cassia tora L.) sharing the habitat. The study was conducted, for the first time, to propose that this phenomenon is not only due to competition for physical and nutritional conditions but also due to allelopathy. In addition, autotoxicity of sicklepod was examined. The results are summarized as follows. 1. Rice sheath length reduced progressively from 18 % to 36 % with increasing the concentration of treating aqueous extracts of sickle pod seeds, but rice germination was not affected. In contrast, radish hypocotyl length was not reduced by the aqueous extract treatment but radish germination was significantly reduced by 66 % at 1 : 10 and 1 : 5 treatment. 2. Total chlorophyll contents in rice seedling decreased from 50 % to 65 % by treatment of seed aqueous extracts diluted from 1 : 50 to 1 : 5 ratio. 3. Aqueous extracts of sicklepod leaves significantly reduced hypocotyl length and fresh weight in radish and germination in rice, but mung bean was slightly affected by aqueous extracts only in fresh weight. 4. Volatiles from fresh, immature seeds with husk reduced the radish germination and seedling growth and radish root growth appeared to be more sensitive to the exposure to volatiles from fresh immature seeds than both germination and hypocotyl growth. 5. Volatiles from sickepod leaves inhibited germination and growth of radish, rice and mung bean, and seedling growth was more sensitive to volatiles from leaves than germination. 6. Volatiles from sicklepod leaves reduced germination and radicle length of sicklepod itself. 7. Collectively, it is concluded that there are water-soluble and volatile substances responsible for allelopathy in sicklepod.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.880-885
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• 2010

Importance of climate change and its impact on agriculture and environment has increased with a rise of greenhouse gases (GHGs) concentration in Earth's atmosphere. Nitrous oxide ($N_2O$) emission in upland fields were assessed in terms of emissions and their control at the experimental plots of National Academy of Agricultural Science (NAAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA) located in Suwon city. It was evaluated $N_2O$ emissions at different soil water content, soil temperature, and mineral N conditions in a upland cultivating red pepper and soy bean. The results were as follows: 1) There were significant correlation between amount of $N_2O$ emissions and soil temperature, soil water content and mineral N conditions showed $0.528^{**}$, $0.790^{***}$ and $0.937^{***}$ in red pepper field and $0.658^{***}$, $0.710^{***}$ and $0.865^{***}$ in soybean field, respectively. 2) From the contribution rate analysis as to contribution factors for $N_2O$ emission, it appeared that contribution rate was in the order of mineral N (71.9%), soil moisture content (23.6%), and soil temperature (4.5%) in pepper field and mineral N (65.5%), soil moisture contents (19.2%), and soil temperature (15.2%) in soybean field.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.199-206
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• 1982

A field experiment was conducted to compare the effects of compost and rice straw application on the growth of soybean, chemical properties and soil microorganism in newly reclaimed silty clay loamy upland soil. Application rates of the arganic materials were 750 Kg, 1,500 Kg and 3,000 Kg/10a in compost, and 340 Kg, 680 Kg and 1,360 Kg/10a in rice straw. The differences of N.P.K. application rates caused by the two different organic materials were balanced by chemical fertilizers of N.P.K. The results can be summarized as follows; 1. The yield of soybean was increased upon compost application, but no significant difference on yield was observed except luxuriant plant growth upon rice straw application. 2. There was highly possitive correlation between concentration of phosphorous, potassium in soybean plant at 71 days after planting and dry weight of grain vs. stem plus bean chaff of harvest plant in compost applied plots, but no correlation was found in rice straw applied plots. 3. In greneral, the soil water contents in organic material applied plots, expecially in plots of rice straw, were higher than in no organic material plots. However, at wilting point, the soil water content in organic material applied plot was lower compare to no organic material plot. 4. The weight of nodules per soybean plant was heavier notwithstanding the fewer number of soil bacteria and fungi in compost application plots than rice straw application plots.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.298-303
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• 2007

Antithrombotic activities of water extract of cheongkookjang and cheongkookjang fermented with green tea or mugwort were evaluated on some antithrombosis related activities in vitro and thrombotic death inhibition in vivo. Cheongkookjang made of white soybean (Glycine max) or black small soybean (Rhynchosia nulubilis) showed potent antioxidative activities. Addition of green tea or mugwort during cheongkookjang fermentation increased the antioxidative activity, cheongkookjang with green tea showed more drastic increase compared with cheongkookjang with mugwort. Nitrite scavenging effects of the cheongkookjang extracts were prominent but the addition of green tea or mugwort seldom increased the scavenging effects. All the cheongkookjang extracts showed strong inhibitory activities on platelet aggregation. The inhibitory activities of cheongkookjang were increased considerably by addition of green tea or mugwort even with low concentration. Plasmin unit as fibrinolytic activity was not affected considerably by addition of green tea. Addition of mugwort decreased the activity transiently at low concentration ($0.3{\sim}1.0%$) but increased again slowly at higher concentration ($1{\sim}3%$). In vitro thrombotic death inhibition test, the antithrombotic activity of cheongkookjang made of black small bean with green tea was higher by about 1.5 times compared to that without green tea. As results, cheongkookjang might inhibit antithrombosis not only by fibrinolytic action but also by inhibition of platelet aggregation and antioxidative action. The addition of functional materials such as green tea or mugwort could increase the antithrombotic function, even at low concentration.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.1007-1013
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• 2010

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary complex enzyme (${\beta}$-mannanase 800 IU/kg and xylanase 700 IU/kg) in a diet containing corn distiller's dried grain with soluble (DDGS) on meat quality and pork fatty acid composition. Ninety-six pigs ([(Landrace${\times}$Yorkshire)${\times}$Duroc], with an average body weight of 68.77 kg were used in the 8 wk growth assay. Dietary treatments included 1) corn-soybean meal diet, 2) corn-soybean meal diet + 0.05% enzyme complex, 3) cornsoybean meal diet with DDGS and 4) corn-soybean meal diet with DDGS + 0.05% enzyme complex. The pigs were allotted randomly into pens (n=4 per pen) with six replicate pens per treatment by a completely randomized design. Pigs were slaughtered at the end of the experiment and the loin muscle was obtained for meat quality. Meat pH (p<0.01), firmness (p<0.01) and redness (p<0.05) were higher in DDGS-supplemented diet than in the corn-soy bean meal diet. However, color, marbling, lightness, yellowness, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, water holing capacity, driploss, cooking loss and loin muscle area were not significantly different among the diets. The pigs fed the DGGS-supplemented diet had higher total unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) and total UFA/saturated fatty acid (SFA) ratio of loin and backfat. The results indicate that a diet containing DDGS can influence pH, firmness, redness and total UFA concentration and total UFA/SFA ratio of meat and backfat, but that enzyme addition has no affect on meat quality.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.135-139
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• 2006

This study was carried out to investigate the cosmeceutical activities of Persicae semen. Cosmeceutical activities include anti-oxidant, tyrosinase inhibition effects and nitrite scavenging ability. The Persicae semen was divided into three parts, Bean of Persicae semen (BPS), Shell of Persicae semen (SPS) and Nibs of Persicae semen (NPS). In the electron donating ability test, 1,000ppm of water extract from BPS showed an effect of 89%, while 1,000 ppm of ethanol extract from SPS showed an effect of 87%. These results are higher compared to those of BHA at the equal concentration. We were able to get an effect of 98% from all of Persicae semen ethanol extract of 10,000 ppm in the tyrosinase inhibition test. Nitrite scavenging ability test, ethanol extract from BPS was decreasing to 96% by addition of 1,000ppm. According to these results, we find that Persicae semen applicable to advanced material for cosmetics. From the above results, it was confirmed that Persicae semen could be used in functional cosmetics.